Question 1

In any given month,about ______ percent of adults in the United States report serious psychological distress.

Accepted Answer

About 3 percent of adults in the United States report experiencing serious psychological distress in any given month.

Question 2

Which of the following is the most commonly diagnosed psychological disorder in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Major depressive disorder is the most commonly diagnosed psychological disorder in the United States, affecting approximately 7% of adults each year. While anxiety disorders and substance abuse disorders are also prevalent, they are not as commonly diagnosed as major depressive disorder. Schizophrenia is a less common disorder that affects approximately 1% of the population.

Question 3

The psychoanalytic model of abnormal behavior is based on the work of _________.

Accepted Answer

The psychoanalytic model of abnormal behavior is based on the work of Sigmund Freud, who developed the theory of the unconscious mind, psychosexual development, and the role of defense mechanisms in shaping human behavior. Freud believed that abnormal behavior was the result of unresolved conflicts and repressed impulses from childhood experiences.

Question 4

The disorder or cultural syndrome in which men fear that their penis is retracting into their body is primarily found in which area(s)?

Accepted Answer

The disorder or cultural syndrome, known as koro, is primarily found in Southeast Asia.

Question 5

Regarding the frequency with which psychological disorders occur,your authors note that about ________ of all Americans will have symptoms severe enough to meet the criteria for a diagnosis at some point in their lives.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Regarding the frequency with which psychological disorders...

Question 6

According to the behaviorists,disordered behavior is a result of _____________.

Accepted Answer

According to behaviorists, disordered behavior is a result of a set of learned responses. This means that behavior disorders are learned through reinforcement and punishment, which can be influenced by both external and internal factors. Therefore, behavior can be changed or modified through specific learning techniques.

Question 7

Psychoanalysis holds that abnormal behavior is the result of __________.

Accepted Answer

Unconscious conflicts that are left over from childhood and sometimes repressed are believed to be the cause of mental difficulties in the psychoanalytic model of Freud.

Question 8

Joanna is experiencing severe anxiety.Her psychiatrist attributes her disorder to a chemical imbalance.Her psychiatrist is using the __________ model of abnormality.

Accepted Answer

The biological model proposes that psychological disorders have physiological causes.

Question 9

Which of the following cultural disorders is most commonly seen in Latin America?

Accepted Answer

Ataque de nervios is a cultural disorder commonly seen in Latin America. It is characterized by episodes of intense emotional upset, including crying, trembling, and uncontrollable screaming, often in response to a stressful event.

Question 10

____________ is a term that refers to the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture and setting in which a person's behavior takes place.

Accepted Answer

Cultural relativism is the term that refers to the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture and setting in which a person's behavior takes place.

Question 11

The biological model views psychological disorders as resulting from _____________.

Accepted Answer

The biological model proposes that psychological disorders are a result of physiological causes,such as brain or chemical problems.

Question 12

What do psychologists call disorders that are found only in particular cultures?

Accepted Answer

Psychologists call disorders that are found only in particular cultures "cultural syndromes."

Question 13

The ______ model of mental illness explains that disorders such as anxiety,depression,and schizophrenia are caused by chemical imbalances,faulty genes,abnormal brain structures,or some combination of those causes.

Accepted Answer

The biological model proposes that psychological disorders have physiological causes.

Question 14

According to a study conducted by three different research institutions in 2012,people who carry only one copy of the gene ________ experience significantly greater feelings of happiness.

Accepted Answer

The study conducted in 2012 suggests that people with only one copy of the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene tend to experience significantly greater feelings of happiness.

Question 15

Dave's wife suggests that he talk to a doctor because of his inability to cope with criticism.The doctor suggests that Dave's problem represents the expression of a repressed,unresolved,internal conflict buried in his unconscious mind that has its roots in Dave's childhood.This view is typical of which of the following models of abnormality?

Accepted Answer

Psychoanalysis views repressed thoughts and memories as the cause of psychological disorders.

Question 16

Which of the following statements might someone with a biological perspective make about schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Someone with a biological perspective focuses on physiological causes.

Question 17

Which statement is correct concerning the cultural components of eating disorders?

Accepted Answer

Until recently, eating disorders were primarily associated with Western cultures, but this is changing as globalization spreads Western cultural ideals and values around the world. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, in particular, are now being diagnosed in non-Western cultures. While cultural factors can influence the manifestation of eating disorders, they are not exclusive to any particular culture or ethnicity.

Question 18

In a multi-institutional study of happiness,researchers found that the gene monoamine oxidase A (MAOA)was associated with significantly greater feelings of happiness,but this effect was found only among ________.

Accepted Answer

The study found that the gene MAOA was associated with greater feelings of happiness specifically among women, not men, children, or those with Down syndrome.

Question 19

Keenan has been diagnosed with both major depressive disorder and schizophrenia.What word is used to refer to a situation like this where more than one psychological disorder is experienced at the same time?

Accepted Answer

Comorbidity refers to the fact that it is fairly common for a person suffering from one psychological disorder to suffer from another at the same time.

Question 20

What is the name of the cultural syndrome that involves a period of sudden rage and,in some cases,homicidal aggression?

Accepted Answer

The cultural syndrome that involves a period of sudden rage and homicidal aggression is known as "amok." Taijin-kyofu-sho is a Japanese cultural syndrome that involves a fear of offending others, ghost sickness is a Native American cultural syndrome that involves symptoms such as loss of appetite and anxiety related to the belief in spirits or ghosts, and susto is a cultural syndrome found in Latino cultures that is related to a traumatic event resulting in physical and psychological symptoms.

Quiz 14: Psychological Disorders