Question 1

Padma is extremely confident and feels that lately she needs very little sleep.In addition,she reports that her thoughts seem to be going fast-similar to watching three television shows at once.Padma most likely is experiencing ________.

Accepted Answer

Enhanced self-esteem and energy and a decreased need for sleep are classic symptoms of a manic episode.

Question 2

Shreen is diagnosed with schizophrenia.She believes that she is a powerful person who can save the world.Shreen is experiencing __________.

Accepted Answer

Delusions are false belief structures that have no basis in fact or reality.

Question 3

Disorders characterized by disruptions in mood are known as ______ disorders.

Accepted Answer

Disorders characterized by disruptions in mood are known as mood disorders. The options A, B, and D do not refer to disruptions in mood. Conversion disorders refer to neurological symptoms that cannot be explained by medical or neurological conditions. Somatoform disorders involve physical symptoms that cannot be explained by medical or neurological conditions. Dissociative disorders involve disruptions in consciousness, memory, and identity.

Question 4

Emily hears the television talking to her even when it is not turned on.It tells her the police are out to get her.Because Emily has schizophrenia,she is mostly experiencing a(n)________.

Accepted Answer

Having a sensory experience without a real stimulus is a hallucination.

Question 5

A person who suffers from bipolar I disorder typically alternates between periods of ________.

Accepted Answer

Bipolar I disorder is characterized by episodes of manic episodes and major depressive episodes. Manic episodes are defined as periods of elevated or irritable mood, increased energy, decreased need for sleep, grandiosity or inflated self-esteem, racing thoughts, and excessive involvement in pleasurable activities with a high potential for negative consequences. Major depressive episodes are characterized by feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and loss of interest in regular activities, along with other symptoms such as changes in appetite or sleep patterns, fatigue, and difficulty concentrating.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes dysthymia?

Accepted Answer

Dysthymia is a chronic, low-grade form of depression that lasts for two years or more. It is characterized by symptoms such as low mood, decreased energy, low self-esteem, and difficulty with concentration and decision-making. Unlike major depressive disorder, which is more severe and episodic, dysthymia is persistent and can affect daily functioning.

Question 7

False sensory perceptions that often take the form of hearing voices are called ______.

Accepted Answer

False sensory perceptions are known as hallucinations, which often involve hearing voices that are not actually present. Delusions, on the other hand, are false beliefs or ideas that a person maintains even when presented with evidence to the contrary. Obsessions and compulsions are part of obsessive-compulsive disorder and involve repetitive thoughts or behaviors.

Question 8

A less severe but more chronic form of bipolar disorder is called ________.

Accepted Answer

Cyclothymic disorder is a milder form of bipolar disorder characterized by alternating periods of hypomania and depression, but the symptoms may be less severe and it does not meet the full criteria for bipolar I or II disorder.

Question 9

Jennifer has recently died in a car accident,and her medical file indicates that she has been diagnosed with schizophrenia for the past 13 years.Upon autopsy,which finding is the most likely?

Accepted Answer

Attempts to understand schizophrenia have led to research identifying enlarged cerebral ventricles in those with the condition.

Question 10

Which of the following is a characteristic of major depression?

Accepted Answer

Feelings of worthlessness are a common characteristic of major depression. A depressed mood that comes and goes frequently would be more indicative of a mood disorder such as bipolar disorder. Heightened interest in sexual activity and enhanced creativity are not necessarily characteristic of major depression.

Question 11

When a patient arrives in the emergency room,he is restless and irritable with unlimited energy and a rapid rate of speech.The attending psychiatrist believes the patient has taken cocaine or amphetamines and admits him for observation.The next day the symptoms are the same and blood tests are negative for drugs.What condition with symptoms that are similar to those associated with amphetamine use might the psychiatrist now consider as a condition that is relevant to the diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Restlessness,irritability,and rapid speech are characteristic of both amphetamine use and mania.

Question 12

Dee Dee has a problem with one of the neurotransmitter systems in his brain,and the result is that he suffers from schizophrenia.Which of the following neurotransmitters is most likely to be the problematic system?

Accepted Answer

The neurotransmitters glutamate,dopamine,and serotonin have all been implicated in studies of the cause of schizophrenia.

Question 13

The language distortion that involves meaningless and disordered communication that is indicative of advanced schizophrenia is called ______________.

Accepted Answer

Word salad refers to the jumbled and incoherent language patterns seen in advanced schizophrenia, where words are put together in a random and meaningless way. Perserveration refers to repeating the same response to different questions or repeatedly talking about the same topic. Tangentiality refers to wandering off topic and not answering the original question. Echolalia refers to repeating words spoken by someone else.

Question 14

Which pair consists of negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Negative symptoms are characterized by deficits or disruptions in normal emotions and behaviors, such as social withdrawal and alogia (lack of speech or difficulty communicating). Blunted affect is also a negative symptom, but it is paired with delusions, which are a positive symptom. Abolition is another negative symptom paired with hallucinations, which are a positive symptom. Therefore, the only pair that consists of negative symptoms is A.

Question 15

Nick is admitted to a mental institution because he hears voices talking to him that no one else can hear,and he sees demons attacking him,though no one else could see anything near him.Nick's symptoms are known as ______.

Accepted Answer

When one experiences false perceptions,such as seeing demons or hearing voices,one is having hallucinations.

Question 16

Which of the following is a legitimate hypothesis that explains why the rate of depression appears to be twice as high for women as compared to men across various cultures?

Accepted Answer

This explanation,called the masked depression theory,suggests that the actual rates of depression are not that different between men and women,but that the condition is more likely to be diagnosed in women.

Question 17

Gigi,who has schizophrenia,believes that she was sent by God to one day rule the world.Her belief is an example of a(n)________.

Accepted Answer

Delusions are beliefs that are bizarre and have no supporting evidence in the real world.

Question 18

While doing volunteer work at a mental hospital,Mary is put on a ward for adults with severe mental disorders.One patient remains in the same position for hours at a time and never talks.The doctors tell Mary this patient suffers from ______.

Accepted Answer

Maintaining the same posture for hours is called a catatonic stupor.

Question 19

With ________ disorder,a person must have experienced a current or past episode of depression as well as current or past episodes of elevated mood.

Accepted Answer

The answer of With ________ disorder,a person must have experienced...

Question 20

The term affect is used by psychologists to refer to ______.

Accepted Answer

Affect refers to the emotions and mood of an individual. It is different from thought, behavior, and intuition.

Quiz 14: Psychological Disorders