Question 1

Which type of personal computer security measure would salespeople who are on the road dealing with customers' questions want the company to use? Why?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which type of personal computer security measure...

Question 2

City of London
For over a century, the city of London, England has had the worst traffic in Europe. Drivers spend half of their time not moving in their vehicles, and the average speed is 9 mph, down from 12 mph in 1903 when traffic consisted of horses and carriages instead of cars and trucks. To improve traffic, Ken Livingstone, the mayor of London,
imposed a "Congestion Zone" fee of £8 (about $13) per day for any vehicle that enters the eight square miles of central London between 7 a.m. and 6:30 p.m. on weekdays. Drivers who come into the zone but don't pay will be fined any where from £60 ($96) to £180 ($290).
The Transport for London and the consultants it hired broke the project into several different steps. First, 688 cameras were used in 203 locations to take accurate pictures of vehicles entering the congestion zone. At each camera site, a color and a black and white camera were used for each lane of traffic that was being monitored. In general, the cameras are only 90% accurate in reading the license plate numbers on the cars. But, with 688 cameras in total, multiple pictures are taken of each car, and partial pictures of license plates are matched with complete pictures, with the former tossed and the latter retained.
Next, the pictures from the cameras are sent via a dedicated fiber­optic cable to an "image management store." Fiber­optic cables were needed because they're the biggest and fastest "pipes" available for sending data from one place to another. The lines were also dedicated so that the system was completely closed and secure. If other systems or networks went down, the congestion zone network would be unaffected. An "image management
store" is basically a huge farm of networked, redundant servers. If one server goes down, you've got multiple backup servers running live with the same data. A huge farm of network servers was needed because the city anticipated processing a million pictures a day (again, remember that multiple pictures are taken of the 250,000 cars entering the zone each day).
Once the pictures are snapped, transported via fiber-optic cable, and placed in the image management store, the next step is reading the license plate in the picture and then turning that image into readable text that actually matches license plate records already stored in government databases. Transport of London uses software that scans digitized documents-in this case, digital pictures-into ASCII text and then matches and compares multiple pictures of the same license plate. For example, imagine that a license plate is 12345678 and that the congestion cameras get three partial pictures (12345, 34567, and 5678) and one complete picture (12345678). The software had to be able to know that all four pictures were from the same vehicle, and then it had to know that it should use the last picture (12345678) and not the partial pictures when converting the picture to text. Finally, once the license plate was converted to text, the license plate number would then be matched with an existing license plate already recorded in a government database. At that point, congestion zone charges are linked with whoever owns the vehicles.
-Refer to City of London. What basic method of capturing information does the City of London use to identify and fine automobile drivers that enter the city's "Congestion Zone"?
A) manual
B) intranet
C) electronic
D) virtual
E) private networks

Accepted Answer

The City of London uses electronic methods for capturing information to identify and fine automobile drivers that enter the city's "Congestion Zone". This involves using 688 cameras in 203 locations to take accurate pictures of vehicles entering the zone, which are then sent electronically via fiber-optic cable to an "image management store" and read using software that converts the license plate images into readable text that is matched with existing license plate records in a government database.

Question 3

Jupiter Communications
An entrepreneur developed Kibu.com as an online fashion magazine for girls between the ages of 13 and 18. The messages from Kibu's advertisers were tailored for and intriguing to a teenage audience. Revenue came from companies that sponsored various channels and features on the site, such as the Fashion Channel. Kibu had a loyalty program, the kPoints xChange, which gave site visitors an incentive to communicate with the site and its sponsors. Each time they did, they earned points that could be exchanged for merchandise such as CDs, movie tickets, or beaded jewelry. Visitors who filled out surveys could win one of the 10,000 Kibu Boxes. Box recipients got still more points if they went to the Box Channel and filled out forms telling one to three of the participating companies how they liked the products inside. By September 2000, however, the site closed, and its founders returned the remaining start-up capital to investors.
-Refer to Jupiter Communications. Kibu.com would use firewalls to ____________ .
A) identify data patterns
B) protect its internal organizational network from hackers
C) offer security as one of its differential advantages
D) prevent anyone except girls between the ages of 13 and 18 from visiting the site
E) create chat rooms

Accepted Answer

The passage does not mention anything about Kibu.com using firewalls to identify data patterns, offer security as a differential advantage, prevent anyone except girls between the ages of 13 and 18 from visiting the site, or create chat rooms. However, it does mention that Kibu.com generated revenue from companies that sponsored various channels and features on the site, and had a loyalty program that rewarded site visitors for communicating with the site and its sponsors. Given these sources of revenue and incentives, it would be likely that Kibu.com would use firewalls to protect its internal organizational network from potential hackers.

Question 4

City of London
For over a century, the city of London, England has had the worst traffic in Europe. Drivers spend half of their time not moving in their vehicles, and the average speed is 9 mph, down from 12 mph in 1903 when traffic consisted of horses and carriages instead of cars and trucks. To improve traffic, Ken Livingstone, the mayor of London,
imposed a "Congestion Zone" fee of £8 (about $13) per day for any vehicle that enters the eight square miles of central London between 7 a.m. and 6:30 p.m. on weekdays. Drivers who come into the zone but don't pay will be fined any where from £60 ($96) to £180 ($290).
The Transport for London and the consultants it hired broke the project into several different steps. First, 688 cameras were used in 203 locations to take accurate pictures of vehicles entering the congestion zone. At each camera site, a color and a black and white camera were used for each lane of traffic that was being monitored. In general, the cameras are only 90% accurate in reading the license plate numbers on the cars. But, with 688 cameras in total, multiple pictures are taken of each car, and partial pictures of license plates are matched with complete pictures, with the former tossed and the latter retained.
Next, the pictures from the cameras are sent via a dedicated fiber­optic cable to an "image management store." Fiber­optic cables were needed because they're the biggest and fastest "pipes" available for sending data from one place to another. The lines were also dedicated so that the system was completely closed and secure. If other systems or networks went down, the congestion zone network would be unaffected. An "image management
store" is basically a huge farm of networked, redundant servers. If one server goes down, you've got multiple backup servers running live with the same data. A huge farm of network servers was needed because the city anticipated processing a million pictures a day (again, remember that multiple pictures are taken of the 250,000 cars entering the zone each day).
Once the pictures are snapped, transported via fiber-optic cable, and placed in the image management store, the next step is reading the license plate in the picture and then turning that image into readable text that actually matches license plate records already stored in government databases. Transport of London uses software that scans digitized documents-in this case, digital pictures-into ASCII text and then matches and compares multiple pictures of the same license plate. For example, imagine that a license plate is 12345678 and that the congestion cameras get three partial pictures (12345, 34567, and 5678) and one complete picture (12345678). The software had to be able to know that all four pictures were from the same vehicle, and then it had to know that it should use the last picture (12345678) and not the partial pictures when converting the picture to text. Finally, once the license plate was converted to text, the license plate number would then be matched with an existing license plate already recorded in a government database. At that point, congestion zone charges are linked with whoever owns the vehicles.
-Refer to City of London. The City of London located 688 cameras in 203 locations to take accurate pictures of vehicles entering its "Congestion Zone." Multiple pictures are taken of each car, and partial pictures of license plates are matched with complete pictures, with the former tossed and the latter retained. The cumulative store of all the photographs would be classified as ____________ . Once the pictures of individual cars were matched and the irrelevant photos tossed,   ____________was created.
A)information; raw data
B) raw data; perceived knowledge
C) perceived knowledge; raw data
D) raw data; information
E) influential knowledge; perceived knowledge

Accepted Answer

The cumulative store of all the photographs would be classified as raw data because it's a collection of unprocessed information. Once the pictures of individual cars were matched and the irrelevant photos tossed, it would become information because it has been processed and has context.

Question 5

What is a first-mover advantage?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is a first-mover advantage?...

Question 6

Discuss the issues, advantages, and risks associated with using information to gain or maintain strategic advantage.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the issues, advantages, and risks associated...

Question 7

Jupiter Communications
An entrepreneur developed Kibu.com as an online fashion magazine for girls between the ages of 13 and 18. The messages from Kibu's advertisers were tailored for and intriguing to a teenage audience. Revenue came from companies that sponsored various channels and features on the site, such as the Fashion Channel. Kibu had a loyalty program, the kPoints xChange, which gave site visitors an incentive to communicate with the site and its sponsors. Each time they did, they earned points that could be exchanged for merchandise such as CDs, movie tickets, or beaded jewelry. Visitors who filled out surveys could win one of the 10,000 Kibu Boxes. Box recipients got still more points if they went to the Box Channel and filled out forms telling one to three of the participating companies how they liked the products inside. By September 2000, however, the site closed, and its founders returned the remaining start-up capital to investors.
-Refer to Jupiter Communications. If a cosmetics manufacturer learned from analyzing the data that teenage girls who buy more than six bottles of nail polish monthly also like to dress up their pets to match their outfits, it would have used the survey results to identify a(n) ____________pattern. (The manufacturer could use this information to develop a line of pet nail polish.)
A) sequence
B) cluster
C) stratified
D) association
E) loyalty pattern. (The manufacturer could use this information to develop

Accepted Answer

The scenario describes an association between two variables - the amount of nail polish purchased and the tendency to dress up pets to match outfits. Therefore, the best choice is D - association.

Question 8

Define data mining. Briefly describe the two general approaches to data mining.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define data mining. Briefly describe the two...

Question 9

City of London
For over a century, the city of London, England has had the worst traffic in Europe. Drivers spend half of their time not moving in their vehicles, and the average speed is 9 mph, down from 12 mph in 1903 when traffic consisted of horses and carriages instead of cars and trucks. To improve traffic, Ken Livingstone, the mayor of London,
imposed a "Congestion Zone" fee of £8 (about $13) per day for any vehicle that enters the eight square miles of central London between 7 a.m. and 6:30 p.m. on weekdays. Drivers who come into the zone but don't pay will be fined any where from £60 ($96) to £180 ($290).
The Transport for London and the consultants it hired broke the project into several different steps. First, 688 cameras were used in 203 locations to take accurate pictures of vehicles entering the congestion zone. At each camera site, a color and a black and white camera were used for each lane of traffic that was being monitored. In general, the cameras are only 90% accurate in reading the license plate numbers on the cars. But, with 688 cameras in total, multiple pictures are taken of each car, and partial pictures of license plates are matched with complete pictures, with the former tossed and the latter retained.
Next, the pictures from the cameras are sent via a dedicated fiber­optic cable to an "image management store." Fiber­optic cables were needed because they're the biggest and fastest "pipes" available for sending data from one place to another. The lines were also dedicated so that the system was completely closed and secure. If other systems or networks went down, the congestion zone network would be unaffected. An "image management
store" is basically a huge farm of networked, redundant servers. If one server goes down, you've got multiple backup servers running live with the same data. A huge farm of network servers was needed because the city anticipated processing a million pictures a day (again, remember that multiple pictures are taken of the 250,000 cars entering the zone each day).
Once the pictures are snapped, transported via fiber-optic cable, and placed in the image management store, the next step is reading the license plate in the picture and then turning that image into readable text that actually matches license plate records already stored in government databases. Transport of London uses software that scans digitized documents-in this case, digital pictures-into ASCII text and then matches and compares multiple pictures of the same license plate. For example, imagine that a license plate is 12345678 and that the congestion cameras get three partial pictures (12345, 34567, and 5678) and one complete picture (12345678). The software had to be able to know that all four pictures were from the same vehicle, and then it had to know that it should use the last picture (12345678) and not the partial pictures when converting the picture to text. Finally, once the license plate was converted to text, the license plate number would then be matched with an existing license plate already recorded in a government database. At that point, congestion zone charges are linked with whoever owns the vehicles.
-Refer to City of London. What kind of technology is used to turn the license plate number captured by a photograph into readable text that actually matches license plate records already stored in government databases?
A) virtual private networks
B) SSL encryption
C) private encryption codes
D) optical character recognition software
E) RFID software

Accepted Answer

The technology used to turn the license plate number captured by a photograph into readable text that actually matches license plate records already stored in government databases is Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software.

Question 10

Describe the two critical steps that can be used to ensure that an organization's data can be accessed only by authorized users. How does biometrics relate to this process?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the two critical steps that can...

Question 11

What is data mining? Describe the two kinds of data mining. How can data mining be used to invade the privacy of individuals, given the large amount of data that is collected and stored electronically on people in their everyday transactions?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is data mining? Describe the two...

Question 12

Assume that, as a member of the student governing body at your college or university, you have unlimited resources to tackle a challenge that has been posed to you by students, some faculty, and the administration at your school: develop a database that will allow students to identify the quality of instructors before signing up for their courses. Using this challenge as a running example, differentiate between raw data and information. Then identify and discuss the characteristics and costs of useful information as they apply to this challenge.

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The answer of Assume that, as a member of the...

Question 13

What does it mean when someone says that an organization protects its information? Why it is important to do so? What are the basic steps to properly securing data and data networks?

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The answer of What does it mean when someone says...

Question 14

A master brewer knows the exact ingredients to add to make a dark beer, a lager, or an ale. He understands the nuances of the fermentation process and when a batch reaches perfection. How can technology capture this specialized knowledge?

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The answer of A master brewer knows the exact ingredients...

Question 15

Briefly distinguish between knowledge and information.

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The answer of Briefly distinguish between knowledge and information....

Question 16

According to the resource-based view of information technology, what are the three critical issues that companies need to address in order to sustain a competitive advantage through information technology?

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Question 17

Compare and contrast executive information systems, decision support systems, and expert systems.

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Question 18

What are the two basic methods of capturing information? Comment on the advantages and disadvantages of each.

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The answer of What are the two basic methods of...

Quiz 16: Section 2: Control