Krispy Kreme Is a Relatively Small Doughnut Seller

Krispy Kreme is a relatively small doughnut seller. It has only 292 stores in the United States, while Dunkin Donuts has 3,600 outlets. The company originated in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, where it still operates a plant that fills a 50-pound bag with doughnut mix every seven seconds. It recently opened a new plant in Effingham, Illinois, that fills a bag every three seconds. This second plant allows the company to reduce costs while increasing its output. The company began in the mid-1930s when Vernon Rudolph bought a secret recipe for yeast doughnuts from a French pastry cook. Rudolph ran the company until his death in 1973.
-Refer to Krispy Kreme. Which management function had Rudolph not performed at the time of his death?

A) planning
B) marketing
C) controlling
D) leading
E) organizing