Increases in Academic Motivation and Self-Esteem May Occur as Children

Increases in academic motivation and self-esteem may occur as children make the transition from elementary to junior high school if

A) autonomy-seeking preadolescents have more supportive instructors in junior high than they had in elementary school
B) parents recognize how difficult this transition can be and allow more autonomy in personal decision making during this period
C) both of these
D) none of these; increases in academic motivation and self-esteem are simply not observed during this developmental period