Question 1

Parents who abuse their children

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that parents who abuse their children have often been abused themselves, and they also tend to interpret their children's cries as criticism or rejection. While some parents who abuse may have a mental illness, it is not a defining factor for all cases of child abuse. Therefore, option D is the best choice as it includes both factors that have been identified in cases of child abuse.

Question 2

Daphne Bugental and her associates find that infant abuse can be dramatically reduced by

Accepted Answer

Teaching mothers to analyze caregiving problems without self-blame or blaming the baby helps them manage stress and frustration, reducing the likelihood of abuse.

Question 3

Daphne Bugental and her associates have succeeded in reducing the incidence of abusive behaviors toward infants by

Accepted Answer

According to the passage, Daphne Bugental and her associates reduced the incidence of abusive behaviors towards infants by altering mothers' malevolent cognitive appraisals of their babies' behaviors. This suggests that they addressed the underlying beliefs and attitudes that led to abusive behavior, rather than simply teaching mothers new disciplinary techniques, involving fathers, or providing referrals to community support services.

Question 4

One very noteworthy and disturbing correlate of physical abuse is

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that individuals who have experienced physical abuse are more likely to display a lack of empathy towards others, particularly their peers who are experiencing distress. This may be due to the normalization of violence and aggression in their own lives, making it more difficult for them to identify with the feelings of others.

Question 5

Behavioral genetic research reveals that

Accepted Answer

Behavioral genetic research reveals that factors precipitating abuse are more often characteristics of the abuser or the family environment rather than the child who is abused. This means that the child's behavior or temperament is not the main factor that causes abuse to occur. Instead, it is more likely to be related to the abuser's own personal characteristics or to the family context in which the abuse takes place. Options A and D imply that the abused child is somehow responsible for the abuse, which is not supported by research. Option B may be true in some cases, but it is not a generalizable finding.

Question 6

What are extended families? Is there any reason to believe that extended families are unhealthy contexts for child development? Explain your answer.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are extended families? Is there any...

Question 7

Joan was physically abused by her mother throughout childhood. Later she marries and has a beautiful but somewhat temperamental little boy. Odds are that she will break the cycle of abuse and not abuse her son if

Accepted Answer

Each of the options provided (A, B, C) represents a form of support or intervention that could help an individual break the cycle of abuse. Emotional support from a nonabusive adult during childhood, a nonabusive and satisfying relationship with a spouse, and supportive therapy are all factors that can contribute to preventing the perpetuation of abuse.

Question 8

When it comes to being the target of abuse

Accepted Answer

Emotionally unresponsive, irritable, or ill children may be seen as more challenging or less lovable by an abusive parent, and therefore may be at greater risk of abuse. It is not necessarily true that each child in the family is of equal risk, and there is no clear evidence that one gender is more likely to be abused than the other.

Question 9

Research indicates that child abuse

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that child abuse is more common in neighborhoods with poor resources for families, such as lack of social support services, affordable housing, and job opportunities. This indicates that deteriorating neighborhoods can contribute to elevated rates of child abuse. Options A, B, and D are not supported by research.

Question 10

The incidence of reported child abuse has increased over the past 20 years because of

Accepted Answer

There has been both a greater awareness of the problem and greater willingness of citizens to report suspected cases, as well as a true increase in abuse associated with greater poverty, disintegration of family-oriented residential areas, and more widespread drug use.

Question 11

Children who are neglected or abused often display a number of serious problems. Academic problems are particularly common among _____ children, and disordered social relationships and disciplinary problems often characterize _____ children.

Accepted Answer

The sentence specifically states that academic problems are common among neglected children, and disordered social relationships and disciplinary problems often characterize physically abused children.

Question 12

Research on the developmental progress of children in after-school care programs _____.

Accepted Answer

The research indicates that developmental progress of children in after-school care programs favors closely supervised care arrangements and illustrates that quality of day care matters at all ages. The option of care that emphasizes peer interactions and deemphasizes adult guidance is not favored by the research.

Question 13

Efforts to prevent abuse are more likely to be successful

Accepted Answer

Efforts to prevent abuse are more likely to be successful if directed at families displaying the combination of a high-risk parent and a high-risk child because this group is at the highest risk for abuse. Targeting families with irritable or unresponsive infants (A) or single-parent families with male infants (D) may identify potentially at-risk families, but it does not necessarily mean abuse will occur. Targeting families with parents known to possess attributes that characterize child abusers (B) is vague and subjective, and may miss families who are at high risk but do not display these attributes.

Question 14

Child abusers generally

Accepted Answer

Child abusers often receive little social support, which can contribute to the stress and isolation that may lead to abusive behavior. Choices A and B are not universally true for all child abusers, as patterns of abuse and attitudes towards children can vary greatly among individuals.

Question 15

In cases of severe and repeated maltreatment of children, the best course of action for protecting the welfare of maltreated children is likely to be _____.

Accepted Answer

In cases of severe and repeated maltreatment of children, the best course of action for protecting the welfare of maltreated children is likely to be removing the victim from the abusive home environment. It is crucial to prioritize the safety and well-being of the child in such cases, which may require separating the child from their abusive caregivers. Interventions such as parenting skills interventions and Parents Anonymous can be helpful in some cases but may not be sufficient in cases of severe and repeated maltreatment. Stern warnings to parents may not be effective and could potentially put the child at further risk if the abuse escalates.

Question 16

Maltreated children may well avoid most psychological problems and turn out fine if

Accepted Answer

The best option is D because it combines both the importance of establishing a secure, supportive relationship with another member of the family as well as having a genotype that protects against the stresses and consequences of abuse. This combination provides the best chance for maltreated children to avoid psychological problems and turn out fine. Options A and E only focus on the importance of establishing a secure relationship and do not address the potential impact of genetics, while option B only addresses genetics and not the importance of relationships. Option C suggests that denying abuse is a viable coping mechanism, which is not a recommended approach to dealing with trauma.

Question 17

Of the various kinds of maltreatment children may experience, _____ does not qualify as an example of child abuse.

Accepted Answer

All the options listed (neglect, physical battering, prolonged rejection, sex play with an older relative) are considered forms of child abuse. Neglect involves failing to meet a child's basic needs, physical battering involves physical harm, prolonged rejection can be emotionally damaging, and sex play with an older relative is a form of sexual abuse.

Question 18

A long-term correlate of early sexual abuse is

Accepted Answer

Early sexual abuse has been linked to a variety of negative long-term outcomes, including low self-esteem, distrust of others, sexual promiscuity and posttraumatic stress disorder. Therefore, all of these options are correct.

Question 19

One reason that child abuse is common in the United States may be that

Accepted Answer

Physical punishment is often culturally accepted in the U.S., which can contribute to higher rates of child abuse.

Question 20

What four patterns of parenting emerge from classifying parents along the acceptance/responsiveness and demandingness/control dimensions? Describe the evidence that one of these four patterns is consistently associated with more favorable child/adolescent outcomes than the others and explain why this pattern of parenting is thought to be so effective.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What four patterns of parenting emerge from...

Quiz 11: The Family