Question 1

A PHN is using collaboration,coalition building,and community organizing to develop a new program in the community.Which of the following strategies is the nurse most likely using?

Accepted Answer

Collaboration,coalition building,and community organizing are the interventions often carried out at the systems and community levels of practice.These interventions can be used at all levels of prevention.Providing case management,referral,and follow-up services with individuals represents another group of interventions described by the green wedge.These interventions are not part of conducting a community assessment.

Question 2

Which statement about the Intervention Wheel is true?

Accepted Answer

The Intervention Wheel provides a graphic illustration that gives public health nurses (PHNs)a means to describe the full scope and breadth of their practice.The Wheel was derived from the practice of PHNs and intended to support their work.It gives PHNs a means to describe the full scope and breadth of their practice.It serves as a model for practice in many state and local health departments,but not all.

Question 3

Which statement is true about the origins of the Intervention Wheel?

Accepted Answer

Public health consultants with the Minnesota Department of Health carried out a grounded theory process in response to uncertainty about the contributions of public health nursing to population health level improvement,resulting in the identification of the Intervention Wheel components.It was not developed by a panel of nurses in the Midwest or by a group of international nurses.It was not a qualitative analysis process and the State Boards of Nursing were not involved in its development.

Question 4

A PHN utilizes the nursing process at all levels of practice.Which of the following demonstrates how this is accomplished?

Accepted Answer

PHNs must customize the nursing process to consider the community,systems,and individual/family levels of practice.The levels of practice are not used for developing nursing diagnoses or goals.The levels of practice are not demonstrated utilizing the levels of prevention.

Question 5

PHNs utilize registries to identify children with delayed or missing immunizations.They subsequently follow up with families by phone calls or home visits.Which of the following levels of practice is being implemented?

Accepted Answer

The individual level of practice focuses on interventions that involve working with individuals,either singly,or in groups,and with families.Individual level intervention changes knowledge,attitudes,beliefs,practices,and behaviors of individuals.Community level interventions are carried out with the community as a whole.This level of intervention changes community norms,attitudes,awareness,practices,and behaviors.Systems level interventions change organizations,policies,laws,and power structures within communities.Policy is not a level of intervention described by "The Wheel."

Question 6

A nurse promotes alliances among organizations for a common purpose.Which of the following public health interventions is being implemented?

Accepted Answer

One example of coalition building is promoting alliances among organizations for a common purpose.Referral and follow-up assists individuals,families,groups,organizations,and/or communities to identify and access necessary resources in order to prevent or resolve problems or concerns.Surveillance describes and monitors health events through ongoing and systematic collection,analysis,and interpretation of health data.Health teaching communicates facts,ideas,and skills that change knowledge,attitudes,values,beliefs,behaviors,and practices of individuals,families,systems,and/or communities.

Question 7

A PHN is implementing the public health intervention of health teaching at the systems level of practice.Which of the following interventions is most likely being implemented by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

Working with a local employer to provide smoking cessation education is the only example of health teaching at the systems level of practice.Participating in the "Great American Smokeout" occurs at the community level and is not health teaching.Providing one-on-one counseling to smokers is health teaching at the individual level of practice.Advocating for increased taxes on tobacco products occurs at the systems level of practice,but it is not health teaching.

Question 8

A PHN is implementing interventions at the systems level of practice.Which of the following interventions would be used by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

Systems level practice consists of changing laws,policies,and practices that influence population-based issues.The individual level of practice focuses on interventions that involve working with individuals,either singly,or in groups,and with families is demonstrated through providing outreach.Community level interventions are carried out with the community as a whole and is demonstrated by involving the entire community in identifying and solving health problems.

Question 9

What is the purpose of the color-coded wedges on the Intervention Wheel?

Accepted Answer

Each wedge consists of related interventions.The other answers describe some of the individual wedges.

Question 10

A PHN is conducting a community assessment.Which of the following is the best example of this action?

Accepted Answer

Compiling recent data from the county health department on child abuse cases is an example of community assessment,assessing needs and data within a community.Community assessment does not happen with an individual.Community assessment must be completed before diagnoses can be developed.Evaluation of services is not part of community assessment.

Question 11

A PHN uses Assumption 2,"Public health nursing practice focuses on populations," to guide practice.Which of the following would be considered a population of interest?

Accepted Answer

A population is a collection of individuals who have one or more personal or environmental characteristics in common.Populations of interest are populations that are essentially healthy but could improve factors that promote or protect health; one such population is healthy school children.Homeless individuals and teenage parents would both be considered a population at risk.A person recently diagnosed with diabetes is not a population.

Question 12

The levels of practice encompassed by the Intervention Wheel are:

Accepted Answer

Communities,individuals and families,and systems are the three levels of public health nursing practice.The other responses do not describe the levels of practice.

Question 13

An occupational health nurse works with an employer to develop a workplace wellness program for its employees.Which of the following levels of practice is being implemented?

Accepted Answer

Systems level of practice consists of changing laws,policies,and practices that influence population-based issues.The individual level of practice focuses on interventions that involve working with individuals,either singly,or in groups,and with families.Individual level intervention changes knowledge,attitudes,beliefs,practices,and behaviors of individuals.Community level interventions are carried out with the community as a whole.This level of intervention changes community norms,attitudes,awareness,practices,and behaviors.Government is not a level of intervention described by "The Wheel."

Question 14

Since the Intervention Wheel was first published in 1998,it has:

Accepted Answer

Since being published,the Intervention Wheel has been incorporated into the public/community health coursework of numerous undergraduate and graduate curricula.The Wheel was derived from the practice of PHNs and intended to support their work.It gives PHNs a means to describe the full scope and breadth of their practice.It serves as a model for practice in many state and local health departments.It has been presented internationally,but is not used widely at the international level.

Question 15

PHNs across the United States implement similar types of interventions to improve the health of various groups.Which of the following explains why a common set of interventions is used?

Accepted Answer

Interventions are actions taken on behalf of communities,systems,individuals,and families to improve or protect health status.The interventions do not describe a particular order for implementation.Surveillance is only one of the 17 interventions described.PHNs may use any or all of the interventions.No single PHN is expected to perform every intervention at all three levels of practice.

Question 16

A nurse is involved in identifying individuals with unrecognized health risk factors or asymptomatic disease.Which of the following public health interventions is being applied?

Accepted Answer

Screening involves identifying individuals with unrecognized health risk factors or asymptomatic disease.Referral and follow-up assists individuals,families,groups,organizations,and/or communities to identify and access necessary resources in order to prevent or resolve problems or concerns.Surveillance describes and monitors health events through ongoing and systematic collection,analysis,and interpretation of health data.Health teaching communicates facts,ideas,and skills that change knowledge,attitudes,values,beliefs,behaviors,and practices of individuals,families,systems,and/or communities.

Question 17

A PHN is conducting an assessment of the community's health.Which of the following is being accomplished through this activity?

Accepted Answer

A community is defined as a social network of interacting individuals,usually concentrated in a defined territory.The community assessment generally results in a lengthy list of community problems and issues.Intervention and minimization do not take place during the assessment phase.

Question 18

A nursing student develops a teaching plan about hand washing to present to a group of elementary school children at the local school.Which of the following public health interventions is being implemented?

Accepted Answer

Health teaching communicates facts,ideas,and skills that change knowledge,attitudes,values,beliefs,and practices of individuals,families,systems,and/or communities.Collaboration commits two or more persons or organizations to achieve a common goal through enhancing the capacity of one or more of the members to promote and protect health.Surveillance describes and monitors health events through ongoing and systematic collection,analysis,and interpretation of health data.Screening involves identifying individuals with unrecognized health risk factors or asymptomatic disease.

Question 19

Public health interventions are implemented with:

Accepted Answer

It is important to know that PHNs work with individuals and families,communities,and systems.The other answers may have true parts,but the second option lists the overall groups where PHNs are intervening.

Question 20

A social marketing campaign urging community members to avoid driving motorized vehicles after consuming alcohol is implemented in a local community.Which of the following levels of practice is being demonstrated?

Accepted Answer

Community level interventions are carried out with the community as a whole.This level changes community norms,attitudes,awareness,practices,and behaviors.It is directed toward entire populations within the community or occasionally toward populations at risk or populations of interest.Individual level intervention changes knowledge,attitudes,beliefs,practices,and behaviors of individuals.Systems level interventions change organizations,policies,laws,and power structures within communities.Government is not a level of intervention described by "The Wheel."

Quiz 9: Population-Based Public Health Nursing Practice: The Intervention Wheel