Question 1

The nurse is caring for an elderly client who has written advanced medical directives.Which of the following best describes what this means?

Accepted Answer

Two parts of advance directives are the living will and a durable power of attorney.An advance directive indicates treatment choices if clients become incapacitated.A living will allows the client to express the wishes regarding the use of medical treatments in the event of a terminal illness.A Do Not Resuscitate order is a specific order from a physician not to use cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Question 2

A woman needs to take some time off from work to care for her invalid mother.Which of the following health policies allows her to take an extended leave from work to care for a family member?

Accepted Answer

The FMLA provides job protection and continuous health benefits where applicable for eligible employees who need extended leave for their own illness or to care for a family member.

Question 3

A nurse is investigating the overall health status of a population.Which of the following indicators would most likely be used by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

Life expectancy is a measure that is often used to gauge the overall health of a population.Health status indicators are the quantitative or qualitative measures used to describe the level of well-being or illness present in a defined population or to describe related attributes or risk factors.Morbidity measures rate of disability or illness.Prevalence is the proportion of the population that has a specific disease or illness.

Question 4

A nurse is educating a community women's group about the importance of monthly breast self-exam and annual mammograms.Which of the following best describes why this community health education is important?

Accepted Answer

Secondary prevention measures,including screening techniques,make a difference in the death rates for breast cancer.Early detection often means cure,whereas late detection typically results in an unfavorable prognosis.A potential harm from screening does not exist.

Question 5

A nurse advises a client who has HIV not to donate blood,plasma,or organs.Which of the following levels of prevention is being used?

Accepted Answer

Tertiary prevention includes those interventions aimed at disability limitations and rehabilitation from disease,injury,or disability.Primary prevention focuses on prevention on disease before it occurs.Secondary prevention aims for early detection and screening.Health promotion is not a level of prevention.

Question 6

A nurse is providing home care for several elderly clients in the community.Which of the following situations would most likely be indicative of elder abuse?

Accepted Answer

Theft or mismanagement of money or resources is an element of abuse.Recognition of abuse includes these other possibilities as well: willful infliction of physical pain or injury,inflection of debilitating mental anguish and fear,or unreasonable confinement or the depriving of services.The other examples do not describe these elements of abuse.

Question 7

A nurse is caring for a client who has designated someone else to make health care decisions when he or she is unable to do so.Which of the following is being used by the client?

Accepted Answer

Durable medical power of attorney is the legal way for a client to designate someone else to make health care decisions when he or she is unable to do so.An advanced medical directive includes both a living will and a durable medical power of attorney.A living will allows the client to express the wishes regarding the use of medical treatments in the event of a terminal illness.The Patient Safe Determination Act requires those providers receiving Medicare and Medicaid funds to give clients written information regarding their legal options for treatment choices if they become incapacitated.

Question 8

A nurse is providing preconceptual counseling to a woman.Which of the following supplements would be recommended to help prevent neural tube defects?

Accepted Answer

400 µg of folic acid are recommended daily.Supplements of iron and Vitamin C are not recommended during preconceptual counseling.Supplements of calcium may be recommended to prevent bone loss,but not for preconceptual counseling.

Question 9

A nurse is educating a client about reducing her risk factors for the development of colorectal cancer.Which of the following lifestyle changes should the nurse recommend?

Accepted Answer

Obesity,physical inactivity,smoking,heavy alcohol consumption,a diet high in red or processed meats,and insufficient intake of fruits and vegetables are risk factors for colorectal cancer.

Question 10

A nurse is implementing Wagner's Chronic Care Model (CCM).Which of the following actions would most likely be taken by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

Use of electronic health records,provider reminders for key evidence-based care components,interprofessional teams communicating regularly,and community health classes to educate people with chronic diseases are various ways the CCM is being implemented.Creating a budget is not a way to use CCM.Administration of immunizations and conducting depression screenings do not address the management of the most common and costly chronic diseases: heart disease,diabetes,stroke,cancer,and arthritis.

Question 11

Which of the following characteristics indicates a man is at a higher risk for developing prostate cancer?

Accepted Answer

Having a father or brother who has had prostate cancer places a man at higher risk for developing prostate cancer.Being of African American descent places a man at higher risk for developing prostate cancer.The PSA test is not accurate in terms of sensitivity or specificity,but it is used as a screening test.BPH can cause an elevated PSA test result.

Question 12

Current research on hormone replacement therapy (HRT)has found that it:

Accepted Answer

HRT does not prevent heart disease.To prevent heart disease,women should avoid smoking,reduce fat and cholesterol intake,limit salt and alcohol,maintain a healthy weight,and be physically active.HRT should be used to prevent osteoporosis only among women who are unable to take nonestrogen medications.HRT is not useful with complementary therapies and does not cause breast cancer.

Question 13

A nurse is caring for a client who is considered obese.Which of the following best describes this client?

Accepted Answer

A person is considered obese when the BMI reaches 30.A person is considered overweight with a BMI of 25 to 29.9.A BMI of 18.5 to 24.9 is considered of healthy weight.An individual with a BMI of less than 18.5 is considered to be underweight.

Question 14

A nurse is providing contraceptive counseling to a female.Which of the following goals does the nurse plan to obtain?

Accepted Answer

The goal of contraceptive counseling is to ensure that women have appropriate instruction to make informed choices about reproduction.The nurse should provide a nonjudgmental approach during counseling and allow the woman to choose the appropriate contraceptive method.Nurses do advocate for reproductive services for women,but that is not a goal of contraceptive counseling.Reduction in the health risks of the individual is a goal of preconceptual counseling.

Question 15

A community health nurse would like to reduce the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)in the community.Which of the following activities would most likely be used?

Accepted Answer

The goal of Healthy People 2020 is to promote responsible sexual behaviors,strengthen community capacity,and increase access to quality services to prevent STDs and their complications.Nursing activities should align with these goals through development of an STD clinic to increase community access to services.Immunization clinics will not prevent the spread of most STDs.Education without access to services will not assist with reducing the problem.

Question 16

Testicular cancer is commonly found in which age-group?

Accepted Answer

Testicular cancer is commonly found in men 15 to 40 years old,with the peak incidence between the ages of 18 and 40 years.

Question 17

Which type of cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Prostate is the most common non-skin cancer and second leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States.Testicular cancer is rare.Skin cancer and gastrointestinal cancer are not among the leading causes of cancer deaths.

Question 18

A nurse is developing a community-based exercise program for a group of women who have cardiovascular disease.Which of the following levels of prevention is being used?

Accepted Answer

Tertiary prevention includes those interventions aimed at disability limitation and rehabilitation from disease,injury,or disability.Primary prevention focuses on prevention on disease before it occurs.Secondary prevention aims for early detection and screening.Health promotion is not a level of prevention.

Question 19

An older person is in the last stages of dying.Which type of care would be the best for him?

Accepted Answer

Hospice would be the best form of care for a person in the last stages of dying.Home health care provides individual and environmental assessments,direct skilled care and treatment,and short-term guidance for individuals in the home.Assisted living offers a wide variety of living choices,from a single shared room to a full-service,life-care community.Nursing homes provide care to meet the health care needs of those needing rehabilitation,as well as for those needing a permanent supportive residence.

Question 20

Which statement about eating disorders is correct?

Accepted Answer

Those with bulimia are usually concerned with the shape and weight of their body.Those with anorexia view themselves as normal or overweight; purging is associated with bulimia; and anorexia is considered to have more complications than bulimia.

Quiz 30: Major Health Issues and Chronic Disease Management of Adults Across the Life Span