Question 1

Since watching his mother get hit and killed by a car two years ago,Chris has felt like he has been watching himself from outside of his body and thinks that voices sound strange.He is likely suffering from
A)depersonalization/derealization disorder.
B)dissociative identity disorder.
C)dissociative fugue.
D)none of the above.

Accepted Answer

Chris's symptoms of feeling detached from his own body and perceiving the world around him as strange are characteristic of depersonalization/derealization disorder, which involves a persistent or recurrent feeling of detachment from oneself or one's surroundings. Dissociative identity disorder involves the presence of two or more distinct identities or personality states, and dissociative fugue involves sudden and unexpected travel away from one's regular surroundings with amnesia for one's past. None of these disorders fit Chris's symptoms as well as depersonalization/derealization disorder.

Question 2

Explicit memory is to conscious recall of experiences as implicit memory is to
A)repressed memories.
B)behaviors based on experiences that cannot be consciously recalled.
C)behaviors based on experiences that occurred before the onset of speech.
D)dreams.

Accepted Answer

Explicit memory refers to the conscious recall of experiences, while implicit memory refers to behaviors that are based on experiences that cannot be consciously recalled, such as procedural memory (e.g. riding a bike) or classical conditioning (e.g. flinching at a loud sound).

Question 3

Mildred has been struggling with feelings of chronic depersonalization/derealization for several years.If she has depersonalization/derealization disorder,she most likely
A)has impaired memory functioning.
B)has a well-developed sense of self,just feelings of not being present.
C)has experienced some abuse at an earlier age.
D)is not employed.

Accepted Answer

Depersonalization/derealization disorder is often associated with a history of trauma or abuse, particularly during childhood.

Question 4

Why are there many questions regarding the role of memory under stress with respect to dissociative disorders?
A)People have trouble recalling events.
B)Few brain-imaging studies have been conducted to date.
C)Some lines of research indicate that high levels of stress enhance memory.
D)Research indicates that,under stress,people store memories in different areas of the brain.

Accepted Answer

Some research suggests that high levels of stress can enhance memory, which raises questions about how stress affects memory in dissociative disorders, where memory disruptions are common.

Question 5

Depersonalization/derealization disorder usually begins in
A)early childhood.
B)middle childhood.
C)adolescence.
D)adulthood.

Accepted Answer

Depersonalization/derealization disorder typically begins in adolescence, although it can start in early adulthood as well. It is less common for it to begin in childhood.

Question 6

Dissociative disorders share
A)obsessive thoughts.
B)an alteration in consciousness or identity.
C)an inability to distinguish reality from fantasy.
D)physical symptoms with no physiological basis.

Accepted Answer

Dissociative disorders involve disruptions in consciousness, memory, identity, and perception. These disruptions can occur as a result of trauma, stress, or other factors, and can lead to a sense of detachment from one's thoughts, feelings, and environment. While dissociative disorders can involve physical symptoms or obsessive thoughts, the defining characteristic is the alteration in consciousness or identity.

Question 7

Among the dissociative disorders,dissociative amnesia: subtype-dissociative fugue is characterized by
A)massive repression.
B)moving away and establishing a new identity.
C)sudden development following severe stress.
D)memory loss for virtually all past events.

Accepted Answer

Dissociative fugue is a subtype of dissociative amnesia, characterized by sudden and unexpected travel away from home or work, and establishing a new identity. The individual may have no memory of their past identity and may be unable to recall information about their previous life. This disorder is usually preceded by severe psychological stress or trauma, but the memory loss is not due to organic factors such as brain injury, alcohol or drug use, or other medical conditions. Massive repression (A) may lead to dissociative amnesia but is not specific to dissociative fugue. Memory loss for virtually all past events (D) is also a symptom of dissociative amnesia, but not specific to dissociative fugue.

Question 8

Which theorists view dissociative disorders as avoidance responses that protect the person from consciously experiencing stressful events?
A)psychodynamic
B)behavioral
C)cognitive
D)both a and b

Accepted Answer

Both psychodynamic and behavioral theorists view dissociative disorders as avoidance responses. Psychodynamic theorists believe these disorders are a defense mechanism against stress, while behavioral theorists see them as learned responses to avoid distressing thoughts.

Question 9

The prognosis for dissociative amnesia usually involves a __________ remission with __________ recovery.
A)gradual; complete
B)gradual; partial
C)sudden; complete
D)sudden; partial

Accepted Answer

Dissociative amnesia often resolves suddenly and many individuals experience complete recovery from their memory loss.

Question 10

With regard to the theory that adults can recover memories of childhood abuse after many years,it is
A)best to assume that such people are malingering.
B)viable to assume that such recovered memories are indeed true.
C)best to treat these people as sufferers of PTSD.
D)safest to regard such theories as tentative.

Accepted Answer

It is safest to regard such theories as tentative since there is currently no conclusive evidence to support or refute the theory of delayed memory recovery of childhood abuse. It is important to approach such cases with an open mind while also considering the potential risks and implications involved in acting on these memories without verifiable evidence.

Question 11

Memories often hold __________ power.
A)emotional
B)cognitive
C)physiological
D)physical

Accepted Answer

Memories are often associated with emotions such as happiness, sadness, fear, and anger. Therefore, emotional power is the best choice for completing the sentence. Cognitive power refers to the ability to think and reason, physiological power is related to physical aspects of the body, and physical power is related to strength and movement.

Question 12

Somatoform and dissociative disorders are similar in that both
A)have symptoms suggesting a physical dysfunction.
B)typically begin after a stressful experience.
C)involve aggressive outbursts.
D)are delusional in quality.

Accepted Answer

Both somatoform and dissociative disorders often begin after a stressful experience, as stress can trigger or exacerbate symptoms in these disorders.

Question 13

Following a dissociative amnesia-subtype dissociative fugue episode,the person often
A)does not remember the events that occurred during the episode.
B)remembers most of the events occurring during the episode,although they may be denied to avoid embarrassment.
C)is predisposed to have further episodes at times of stress.
D)is likely to develop another type of dissociative disorder.

Accepted Answer

Dissociative fugue is characterized by sudden, unexpected travel away from home accompanied by amnesia for identity and other important autobiographical information. In a dissociative fugue episode, the person often does not remember the events that occurred during the episode.

Question 14

Beginning with the __________ somatic disorders,dissociative disorders,and anxiety disorders became three distinct categories of diagnoses.
A)DSM-5
B)DSM-I
C)DSM-II
D)DSM-III

Accepted Answer

The DSM-III, published in 1980, was the first version of the DSM to formally separate somatic disorders, dissociative disorders, and anxiety disorders into distinct categories of diagnoses. The earlier versions, DSM-I and DSM-II, did not make this distinction, and the current version, DSM-5, continues to maintain these separate categories.

Question 15

Donna was brutally assaulted outside the local 7-Eleven.Although she cannot recall the details of the assault,she becomes terrified when she drives past the 7-Eleven.This is an example of a situation in which a person
A)has an explicit memory,but no implicit memory.
B)has neither explicit nor implicit memory.
C)will most likely develop dissociative identity disorder.
D)has no explicit memory,but has an implicit memory.

Accepted Answer

The fact that Donna cannot recall the details of the assault suggests that she may have experienced some form of memory loss or amnesia. However, the fact that she becomes terrified when she drives past the 7-Eleven suggests that she still has some kind of memory for the traumatic event, even if it is not consciously accessible. This is consistent with the idea of implicit memory, which refers to unconscious memories that influence behavior and emotional responses. Therefore, the best choice is D, which suggests that Donna has no explicit memory (i.e. conscious memory) of the assault, but may have an implicit memory (i.e. unconscious memory) that triggers her fear response.

Question 16

In the DSM-5,which two DSM-IV-TR subcategories of dissociative disorders were combined into one?
A)dissociative amnesia and dissociative fugue
B)dissociative amnesia and dissociative identity disorder
C)dissociative fugue and depersonalization
D)depersonalization and dissociative identity disorder

Accepted Answer

Dissociative amnesia and dissociative fugue were combined into one category called dissociative amnesia with dissociative fugue in the DSM-5.

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of mild dissociation?
A)worrying excessively over your grades
B)not remembering material you studied for a test
C)difficulty committing to social relationships
D)being so preoccupied you forget an appointment

Accepted Answer

Being so preoccupied that you forget an appointment is an example of mild dissociation. It involves a temporary detachment from reality or the present moment due to being overly preoccupied with other thoughts or concerns.

Question 18

Dissociative identity disorder must involve
A)at least 3 distinct personalities.
B)selective amnesia.
C)at least 2 distinct personalities.
D)depersonalization.

Accepted Answer

Dissociative identity disorder (DID) is characterized by the presence of at least two distinct identities or personality states, which may take control of the person's behavior at different times. The person with DID may also experience memory gaps or amnesia, and may feel detached or depersonalized from their own thoughts, emotions, or behaviors. While some individuals with DID may have more than two personalities, the DSM-5 requires the presence of at least two distinct identities to make a diagnosis of DID. Choice A and D are not accurate, as the number of personalities or the presence of depersonalization may vary across individuals with DID.

Question 19

The DSM-5 includes all of the following dissociative disorders EXCEPT:
A)dissociative amnesia.
B)depersonalization/derealization disorder.
C)dissociative identity disorder.
D)dissociative anxiety disorder.

Accepted Answer

The DSM-5 does not include a dissociative anxiety disorder. The other three disorders listed (dissociative amnesia, depersonalization/derealization disorder, and dissociative identity disorder) are all included in the DSM-5 as dissociative disorders.

Question 20

Dissociative amnesia may be BEST distinguished from brain injury by
A)the loss of ego functioning in dissociative amnesia.
B)additional cognitive deficits in brain injury.
C)the presence of prograde memory loss in dissociative amnesia.
D)the presence of severe anxiety in dissociative amnesia.

Accepted Answer

Brain injury typically causes additional cognitive deficits beyond just memory loss, such as impaired language, attention, and executive functioning. Dissociative amnesia, on the other hand, typically only affects memory and does not affect these other cognitive abilities.

Quiz 8: Dissociative Disorders and Somatic Symptom Disorders

Since watching his mother get hit and killed by a car two years ago,Chris has felt like he has been watching himself from outside of his body and thinks that voices sound strange.He is likely suffering from

Explicit memory is to conscious recall of experiences as implicit memory is to

Mildred has been struggling with feelings of chronic depersonalization/derealization for several years.If she has depersonalization/derealization disorder,she most likely

Why are there many questions regarding the role of memory under stress with respect to dissociative disorders?

Depersonalization/derealization disorder usually begins in

Dissociative disorders share

Among the dissociative disorders,dissociative amnesia: subtype-dissociative fugue is characterized by

Which theorists view dissociative disorders as avoidance responses that protect the person from consciously experiencing stressful events?

The prognosis for dissociative amnesia usually involves a remission with recovery.

With regard to the theory that adults can recover memories of childhood abuse after many years,it is

Memories often hold __________ power.

Somatoform and dissociative disorders are similar in that both

Following a dissociative amnesia-subtype dissociative fugue episode,the person often

Beginning with the __________ somatic disorders,dissociative disorders,and anxiety disorders became three distinct categories of diagnoses.

Donna was brutally assaulted outside the local 7-Eleven.Although she cannot recall the details of the assault,she becomes terrified when she drives past the 7-Eleven.This is an example of a situation in which a person

In the DSM-5,which two DSM-IV-TR subcategories of dissociative disorders were combined into one?

Which of the following is an example of mild dissociation?

Dissociative identity disorder must involve

The DSM-5 includes all of the following dissociative disorders EXCEPT:

Dissociative amnesia may be BEST distinguished from brain injury by