Question 1

Which of the following is NOT considered an essential component of client-centered therapy (CCT)?

Accepted Answer

Conditional positive regard is not considered an essential component of CCT. In fact, unconditional positive regard is emphasized in CCT as a crucial component of the therapeutic relationship. Genuineness of communication, empathic understanding, and unconditional positive regard are all considered essential components of CCT.

Question 2

Carl Rogers believed that without undue pressure from others, individuals naturally move toward personal growth, self-acceptance, and _____, the fulfillment of their potential for love, creativity, and meaning.

Accepted Answer

Carl Rogers believed that individuals have an inherent tendency towards self-actualization, which is the fulfillment of their potential for love, creativity, and meaning. Self-actualization involves reaching one's full potential and becoming the person they were meant to be. It is a process in which individuals strive to become more self-aware, accepting of themselves, and fulfilled in their lives.

Question 3

Which of the following statements is indicative of culturally sensitive approaches that therapists may use when treating clients?

Accepted Answer

Culturally sensitive approaches recognize and respect cultural differences, including the collectivist orientation of some cultures, which places a high value on the group and may view the individual as inseparable from the group. The other options do not demonstrate an understanding or respect for cultural differences. Option A reflects a Western bias towards individualism, while option B may create power imbalances and reinforce social inequalities. Option C ignores cultural norms around emotional expression and may be seen as intrusive or disrespectful.

Question 4

_____ therapy targets family communication and problem-solving, beliefs of parents and adolescents that impede communication, and systemic barriers to problem-solving.

Accepted Answer

The description fits the approach of behavioral family systems therapy, which emphasizes communication and problem-solving within the family system while addressing beliefs and systemic barriers that impede these processes. The other options do not match the description provided.

Question 5

_____ was developed by Carl Rogers.

Accepted Answer

Carl Rogers developed client-centered therapy, also known as person-centered therapy. The other options were developed by different theorists.

Question 6

Third-wave approaches to the therapy:

Accepted Answer

Third-wave approaches to therapy, such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), combine elements of behavior and cognitive therapies with mindfulness practices derived from Zen Buddhism. Therefore, option D is the correct answer. Option A is incorrect as these therapies are not considered the last resort. Option B is also incorrect as they incorporate practices from non-Western traditions. Option C is incorrect as these therapies focus on acceptance and mindfulness rather than unconscious conflicts as the root of psychopathology.

Question 7

Family systems therapy challenges a family's:

Accepted Answer

Family systems therapy challenges the belief that an individual family member is the source of the problem. It operates on the belief that individual problems are a product of dysfunctional family patterns and that change in one family member can bring about positive change in the entire family system. It seeks to understand and address the patterns and dynamics within the family as a whole rather than individual members in isolation. A and B may be relevant within the therapy, but they are not the primary focus of family systems therapy. D is a false assumption that is not part of the therapy.

Question 8

_____ therapy focuses on difficulties in managing negative emotions and in controlling impulsive behaviors.

Accepted Answer

Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is specifically designed to help individuals manage negative emotions and impulsive behaviors. DBT is a type of cognitive behavioral therapy that incorporates mindfulness, distress tolerance, emotion regulation, and interpersonal effectiveness techniques. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) focuses on acceptance of thoughts and feelings rather than trying to control them, client-centered therapy emphasizes empathy and unconditional positive regard from the therapist, and interpersonal therapy focuses on improving relationships and communication skills.

Question 9

According to the sociocultural approach, which of the following factors increases an individual's susceptibility to mental health problems?

Accepted Answer

The sociocultural approach emphasizes the impact of social and cultural factors on mental health. Living in areas with high levels of violence or experiencing traumatic events, such as war or natural disasters, can increase an individual's susceptibility to mental health problems. The other answer choices do not inherently increase susceptibility to mental health problems according to the sociocultural approach.

Question 10

Research on family systems approaches and therapies is difficult because:

Accepted Answer

Family systems approaches and therapies emphasize the importance of understanding individuals in the context of their relationships and interactions with others in the family system. Therefore, it is difficult to capture these complex interactions and dynamics in a laboratory setting, making research on family systems approaches challenging.

Question 11

Which of the following theories of abnormality is based on the assumption that humans have an innate capacity for goodness and for living a full life?

Accepted Answer

The humanistic theory of abnormality is based on the assumption that humans have an innate capacity for goodness and for living a full life. This theory emphasizes personal growth, choice, and responsibility, and a focus on the present moment rather than the past. It also emphasizes the importance of the individual and their unique experiences and perspective.

Question 12

Family systems therapies may be particularly appropriate in the treatment of _____.

Accepted Answer

Family systems therapies are often used in the treatment of children and adolescents, as it takes into account the family unit as a whole and how it affects the individual members. By working with the family together, the therapy can help improve communication and relationships within the family, leading to better outcomes for the child or adolescent. While family systems therapies can also be effective for adult clients and parents, it is not necessarily more appropriate for them than other therapeutic approaches.

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true about cross-cultural treatment?

Accepted Answer

While it may seem intuitive that matching the therapist and client's race or ethnicity would lead to better outcomes, research has actually found that this is not always the case. While some clients may prefer or benefit from working with a therapist of the same background, it is not a guarantee of success. Other factors, such as therapeutic approach and cultural competence, have been found to be more important in achieving positive outcomes. Therefore, option C, which states that matching race or ethnicity does not necessarily lead to a better outcome, is the true statement about cross-cultural treatment.

Question 14

A key assumption behind acceptance and commitment therapy is that _____, that is, ignoring painful thoughts, memories, and feelings, is/are at the heart of many mental health problems.

Accepted Answer

Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) posits that experiential avoidance, or attempting to avoid or get rid of painful thoughts, memories, and emotions, is a key factor in the development and maintenance of many mental health problems. Instead, ACT emphasizes the importance of accepting, rather than rejecting or avoiding, one's experiences in order to move towards valued goals and actions.

Question 15

Research suggests that many young girls who develop eating disorders are members of _____ families.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that many young girls who develop eating disorders are members of enmeshed families. Enmeshed families are characterized by extremely close relationships and a lack of boundaries between family members. This can lead to individuals feeling they have to meet high expectations from family members, often leading to stress and anxiety, which can manifest as an eating disorder.

Question 16

In Roger's client-centered therapy, _____ is a method of response in which the therapist attempts to understand what the client is experiencing by restating those experiences.

Accepted Answer

Reflection is a method in client-centered therapy in which the therapist restates the client's experiences to show understanding and facilitate deeper exploration of thoughts and feelings. This differs from interpretation, in which the therapist offers their own analysis or explanation of the client's experiences. Interjection and projection are not specifically related to Roger's client-centered therapy.

Question 17

Which of the following statements is true of the humanistic theories?

Accepted Answer

Some therapists believe that client-centered therapy, which is a humanistic approach, may be appropriate for people who are moderately distressed but not for those who are seriously distressed. This is because humanistic therapies often focus on personal growth and self-actualization, which may not be appropriate for individuals with severe mental health issues.

Question 18

In a(n) _____, parents avoid dealing with conflicts with each other by always keeping their children involved in their conversations and activities.

Accepted Answer

A pathological triangular relationship occurs when parents avoid dealing with conflicts directly with each other and instead involve their children in their conversations and activities, creating a triangle where the child becomes an unwilling participant in the parents' issues.

Question 19

Lucy is concerned because her family members pay little or no attention to each other. They seem to go their own way, and have little interest in even having a meal together. According to family systems theory, Lucy's family is a(n) _____ family.

Accepted Answer

A disengaged family is characterized by members who are emotionally distant, have little involvement in each other's lives, and lack meaningful communication and interactions. This aligns with the description of Lucy's family, where members have little interest in spending time together.

Question 20

The stated goal of humanistic therapy is to:

Accepted Answer

The stated goal of humanistic therapy is to help clients discover their greatest potential through self-exploration. This approach focuses on the importance of the client's subjective experience and personal growth, rather than just alleviating symptoms or eliminating negative behavior.

Quiz 2: Theories and Treatment of Abnormality

Which of the following is NOT considered an essential component of client-centered therapy (CCT) ?