Question 1

Which of the following is a reason that "identity development" is an adolescent issue?

Accepted Answer

Changes take place during adolescence that cause young people to change how they view and feel about themselves.

Question 2

Researchers are particularly interested in the identity changes that occur in adolescence for all of the following reasons, except:

Accepted Answer

The statement in option D is actually true and therefore not a reason researchers are interested in identity changes in adolescence. The other options (A, B, and C) all highlight important reasons why researchers are interested in identity changes during adolescence.

Question 3

Which of the following is one of the characteristics that distinguish between the adolescent's and the child's self-concept?

Accepted Answer

All three options are characteristics that distinguish between the adolescent's and the child's self-concept. Adolescents tend to view the self as involving more dimensions than do children, they distinguish among actual, ideal, and feared selves, and the adolescent's self varies over time and across situations. Therefore, option D is the correct answer.

Question 4

When the author of the textbook, Laurence Steinberg, says that "Some researchers have argued that the question of whether self-esteem is stable during adolescence is a poor one," what does he mean?

Accepted Answer

When the author says that "Some researchers have argued that the question of whether self-esteem is stable during adolescence is a poor one," he means that some researchers have argued that the question itself is not valuable because group averages often hide substantial differences between people. In other words, asking whether self-esteem is stable during adolescence may not provide useful information because it does not take into account individual variability. That is why choice C is the best answer.

Question 5

Which of the following adolescents is least likely to engage in false-self behavior?

Accepted Answer

Adolescents who have high support from their parents and peers are less likely to engage in false-self behavior because they feel secure in their relationships and do not feel the need to hide their true selves. False-self behavior is more likely to occur in individuals who have low self-esteem (option A), problems with depression (option C), or a sense of hopelessness (option D).

Question 6

Maria describes herself as an only child, as a person who likes art and music, who is shy, and who likes to read. Maria's description fits best with the idea of:

Accepted Answer

Maria's description of herself reflects her self-conception, which refers to the beliefs and attitudes we hold about ourselves. It includes our ideas about who we are, our characteristics, and our personal values. Maria's self-conception includes information about being an only child, enjoying arts and music, being shy, and enjoying reading.

Question 7

As adolescents develop, their self-conceptions become more:

Accepted Answer

As adolescents develop, their self-conceptions become more differentiated. This means they become more aware of different aspects and traits of their identity and develop a more complex understanding of themselves. They may also be more aware of discrepancies between their actual self and their ideal self, leading to greater self-consciousness and possible negative self-evaluations. However, overall, the trend is towards greater differentiation and complexity in their self-conceptions.

Question 8

Adolescents are most likely to behave __________ in romantic situations and with a classmate, and they are least likely to engage in ___________ behavior with close friends.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Adolescents are most likely to behave __________...

Question 9

Kikko strongly dislikes country music but told Keith, who is a big Garth Brooks fan and her latest love interest, that country music is her favorite and that she would love to go with him to see Garth in concert. This type of behavior is called:

Accepted Answer

Kikko is deliberately presenting a false version of herself, which is known as the false-self.

Question 10

Identity formation is best seen as a:

Accepted Answer

Identity formation is a complex and multifaceted process that involves many different aspects of a person's life, including psychological, social, cultural, and environmental factors. It is not a single issue or event, but rather a series of interrelated developments that occur over time. These developments include changes in self-concept, relationships with others, and values and beliefs, among other things.

Question 11

An important aspect of having a healthy self-concept and more socially appropriate behavior is to be able to balance one's ______ self with one's ______ self.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An important aspect of having a healthy...

Question 12

Someone who is more likely to engage in excessive false-self behavior is most likely:

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that individuals who engage in excessive false-self behavior are more likely to report less emotional support from parents and peers, have lower self-esteem, and report depressive symptoms. Therefore, all of these options are correct.

Question 13

Adolescents who have more complex self-conceptions are less likely:

Accepted Answer

Adolescents who have more complex self-conceptions, meaning they see themselves in multifaceted and nuanced ways, have been found to have lower levels of depression. This is because they are not as susceptible to negative self-criticism and have a greater sense of self-understanding and acceptance. The other answer choices are not necessarily related to self-conceptions.

Question 14

When asked to describe himself, Aaron stated, "Most of my friends think I don't care about school, but I really study a lot at night because school is important to me." This is an example of how adolescent self-conceptions become more:

Accepted Answer

This statement shows that Aaron has a more complex and nuanced understanding of himself, indicating that his self-conceptions have become more differentiated. He recognizes that his behavior may not reflect his true beliefs and values, and he is able to express this internal conflict.

Question 15

Amy, a 16-year-old girl, is shy around boys though she would really like to be more outgoing. This reflects:

Accepted Answer

Amy's shyness around boys indicates a discrepancy between her ideal self (more outgoing) and her actual self (shy).

Question 16

Which of the following statements about self-conception is most likely to be made by a child rather than by an adolescent?

Accepted Answer

Option C provides basic demographic information about oneself, which is more likely to be stated by a child who is still developing their sense of self-awareness. Options A, B, and D include more complex and nuanced self-evaluations that are more likely to be made by an adolescent.

Question 17

Researchers have identified all of the following factors as critical components of the development of identity during adolescence, except:

Accepted Answer

The critical components of the development of identity during adolescence are self-esteem, sense of identity, and self-conception. Self-regulation, while important, is not considered a critical component in the same way that the other factors are.

Question 18

Adolescents are most likely to exhibit false-self behavior with their:

Accepted Answer

Adolescents are most likely to exhibit false-self behavior with their dates as they often feel a strong desire to be liked and accepted in romantic contexts, leading them to present themselves in ways that may not accurately reflect their true selves. This behavior is less common with friends and siblings, with whom they tend to feel more comfortable and authentic.

Question 19

Adolescents improve their ability and tendency to consider the long-term consequences of their decisions, which is one aspect of:

Accepted Answer

Future orientation refers to an individual's ability to consider their future and make decisions that take future outcomes into account. This is related to the development of long-term thinking and planning, which are important skills for success in adulthood. Adolescents develop their ability to consider long-term consequences as they mature, which is why future orientation is a key aspect of adolescent development.

Question 20

Gwen has recently been preoccupied with trying to understand what kind of person she is. As an exercise, she writes out a list of 20 traits that she thinks best describe her. According to the text, Gwen is focusing on her:

Accepted Answer

Gwen's activity of listing traits that she believes best describe her is an exercise in understanding her self-conception. Self-conception refers to how individuals perceive their own attributes, characteristics, and overall identity.

Quiz 8: Identity