Question 1

Which of the following statements is correct regarding poverty and children?

Accepted Answer

African American children have historically had higher poverty rates compared to other ethnic groups in the United States.

Question 2

What percentage of school-aged children regularly care for themselves at home without adult supervision for at least part of the day?

Accepted Answer

9 percent of school-aged children regularly care for themselves at home without adult supervision for at least part of the day.

Question 3

According to your textbook,a father's degree of involvement with his children tends to be related to the child's

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that a father's involvement with his children is related to the child's well-being, including academic achievement, emotional regulation, and social skills.

Question 4

Which of the following factors influences sibling relationships and roles?

Accepted Answer

All of the factors listed- birth order, spacing, and gender- have been found to influence sibling relationships and roles. Birth order determines the chronological order in which siblings are born, which can impact their personality traits and the roles they tend to take on within the family. Spacing refers to the age difference between siblings and can impact the level of closeness or competition between siblings. Gender can also influence sibling relationships and roles, as siblings of the same gender may have a closer bond and share similar experiences, while siblings of different genders may take on more distinct roles within the family.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is correct regarding adopted and non-adopted children?

Accepted Answer

While some adopted children may experience adjustment issues, research indicates that the majority of adopted children show resilience and adjust well. Additionally, there is no evidence to support that adopted children show less prosocial behavior than non-adopted children. The statement in option B is correct, as research suggests that some adjustment problems may surface during middle childhood, particularly related to issues surrounding identity formation and feelings of loss or rejection. Option A and C are incorrect.

Question 6

Adoptions where parties share information or have direct contact are called _____ adoptions.

Accepted Answer

Open adoptions are those where parties share information or have direct contact with each other. Non-secret, shared, and direct adoptions are not commonly used or recognized terms in the context of adoption.

Question 7

Longitudinal research suggests that changes in sibling relationships are most likely to occur when one sibling is between the ages of

Accepted Answer

Longitudinal research suggests that changes in sibling relationships are most likely to occur when one sibling is between the ages of 7 and 9. This is because this is the age range when children are beginning to develop their own identities and independence, and they may start to see their siblings as rivals or competitors.

Question 8

Approximately how many children in the United States live with at least one lesbian or gay parent?

Accepted Answer

Estimates suggest that approximately 9 million children in the United States live with at least one lesbian or gay parent. This figure reflects the broader acceptance and visibility of LGBTQ+ families in society.

Question 9

Studies have found that children in one-parent families tend to do less well socially and academically than do children of two-parent families.Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to this trend?

Accepted Answer

Popularity of children is not typically considered a factor contributing to the trend of children in one-parent families doing less well socially and academically. The other options (B, C, and D) are all commonly cited factors.

Question 10

The Johnsons are contemplating divorce.They contacted a counselor to see what they could learn about potential effects on their children.Compared to older children of divorce,younger children

Accepted Answer

Younger children often have less realistic perceptions of what caused the divorce due to their developmental stage and understanding of complex adult relationships.

Question 11

Based upon McLoyd's findings,many parents who live in poverty use

Accepted Answer

McLoyd's findings suggest that many parents who live in poverty use inconsistent discipline with their children, which may be due to the stress and challenges of living in poverty.

Question 12

When he was a baby,Charlie was adopted by a homosexual couple in New York.Now at age 17,numerous studies show that Charlie has a 1 in 3 likelihood of

Accepted Answer

Research studies have consistently shown that there are no significant differences in the well-being, development, or sexual orientation of children raised by homosexual parents compared to those raised by heterosexual parents. Therefore, it is not appropriate to assume Charlie's likelihood or potential issues based solely on his parents' sexual orientation.

Question 13

According to research,which of the following statements about stepfamilies,or blended families,is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that boys are generally more accepting of a stepfather than girls, which contradicts the statement that girls are more likely than boys to accept a stepfather as a parent.

Question 14

How many children under the age of 18 in the United States are involved in divorces each year?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How many children under the age of...

Question 15

Which of the following pairs of siblings is most likely to squabble as children?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following pairs of siblings...

Question 16

In general,the more satisfied a mother is with her employment status,the more effective she is likely to be as a parent.However,the effect of her work on her child can depend on the child's

Accepted Answer

A mother's employment status can have a different effect on children based on their individual factors such as personality, age and temperament. These factors can influence the child's reactions and behavior towards their mother's work which in turn can affect their relationship with their mother. Therefore, the best answer is D, all of these.

Question 17

Over the past few decades,what has been the trend regarding the percentage of children under 18 living with two parents in the United States?

Accepted Answer

The percentage of children under 18 living with two parents in the United States has been decreasing over the past few decades. According to data from the U.S. Census Bureau, in 1960, 88% of children in the U.S. lived with two parents. By 2019, that figure had decreased to 63%. This trend is largely attributed to factors such as divorce, single parenthood, and changing societal norms regarding family structure.

Question 18

Which of the following is an influence on a child's adjustment to divorce?

Accepted Answer

All three factors listed - the parents' handling of custody and visitation, the child's age or maturity, and the child's relationship with a stepparent - can all have significant impacts on a child's adjustment to divorce. It is important for parents to handle divorce in a positive and constructive manner, taking the child's needs into account. The child's age and maturity level can also affect how well they handle the divorce, as younger children may have more difficulty processing the changes and expressing their feelings. Finally, the child's relationship with a stepparent can also be a factor, as the child adjusts to a new parental figure in their life.

Question 19

The number of single-parent families in the United States has more than doubled since 1970 because of rising rates of divorce and because of parenthood outside of marriage.Approximately ____ percent of African American children today live with only one parent.

Accepted Answer

Approximately 50 percent of African American children today live with only one parent, reflecting broader societal trends of increased single-parent families due to higher divorce rates and parenthood outside of marriage.

Question 20

Which of the following statements regarding the care of younger siblings by older ones in developing countries is correct?

Accepted Answer

In many developing countries, older children, particularly girls, are expected to help care for younger siblings. This is often due to cultural norms and the need for parents to work outside the home to support the family. It is not uncommon for older siblings, particularly girls, to take on roles traditionally associated with parenting, such as cooking, cleaning, and caregiving. This can also lead to greater responsibility and maturity among older siblings.

Quiz 14: Psychosocial Development in Middle Childhood