Question 1

When Stanley first came to Eureka High School as "the new kid" halfway into the year, he closely observed his peers interacting with each other and with his teachers. As time goes on and Stanley learns the school's social rules, he will rely __________ on others in this educational setting.

Accepted Answer

As Stanley learns the school's social rules, he will become more familiar with the environment and how things work, thus relying less on others for guidance and support in this educational setting.

Question 2

Compared to relationships with family members, peer relationships are

Accepted Answer

Peer relationships are generally less enduring compared to relationships with family members. Familial bonds tend to last longer and are often maintained throughout one's entire life, whereas peer relationships tend to be more transitory and may fade away as people move or transition to different social circles.

Question 3

Penny is a new kid at South Central High School and she is intent on watching her new peers. Which peers would she be most likely to imitate?

Accepted Answer

Penny is most likely to imitate those who seem powerful and popular because they exude qualities that she may admire or aspire to have herself. This is often the case for new students who are looking to find their place in a new social environment.

Question 4

Sociometric measurements are used to assess peer popularity or

Accepted Answer

Sociometric measurements are commonly used to assess social status, particularly peer popularity within a group or community. This type of assessment can help researchers and practitioners understand social dynamics and identify individuals who may be more vulnerable or at risk for social exclusion or bullying.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT an example of positive or negative peer reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

Peer reinforcement involves either positive feedback (like praise) or negative feedback (like teasing) that influences behavior. Imitation (C) does not inherently provide feedback on behavior, making it not an example of peer reinforcement.

Question 6

Which of the following are used to assess peer status by asking children to compare peers as to likeability or identify those whom they like best?

Accepted Answer

Sociometric techniques are used to assess peer status by asking children to compare peers as to likeability or identify those whom they like best. Ethnographies are descriptive studies of a culture or social group, structured interviews focus on specific questions in a predetermined order, and factor analyses are statistical methods used to identify underlying factors or variables that explain the correlation between observed variables.

Question 7

Which one of the following characteristics does NOT describe how social exchanges between mothers and infants differ from social exchanges between infant peers?

Accepted Answer

Social exchanges with mothers and infants are generally more equal, with both partners contributing to the interaction. This is in contrast to social exchanges between infant peers, which are often characterized by less equality and more one-sided interactions. Choices A, B, and D all describe differences between social exchanges with mothers and infant peers.

Question 8

Popular children receive

Accepted Answer

Popular children tend to receive a high number of positive nominations from their peers, indicating that they are well-liked and admired. They typically receive very few negative nominations, as they are perceived as socially competent and able to get along with others.

Question 9

Between the ages of 1 and 2, children begin to develop

Accepted Answer

During the ages of 1 to 2, children start to develop the capacity to take turns and exchange roles in play, which is an early form of social interaction and cooperation.

Question 10

Throughout the preschool years,

Accepted Answer

As the preschool years progress, children typically become more interested in interacting with peers and engage in more associative and cooperative play. However, solitary play and parallel play may still occur at times, particularly in situations where the child is unfamiliar with the other children or doesn't feel comfortable joining in the play. It is also important to note that while solitary play may decrease in frequency during the preschool years, it is not completely eliminated and may still occur among school-aged children.

Question 11

Imitation between preschoolers

Accepted Answer

Imitation between preschoolers reinforces peer interactions by creating common ground and bonding between children through shared experiences. It also encourages learning and development through observing and copying behaviors and actions of others.

Question 12

What type of a relationship exists between the child's age and the amount of time spent with others?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What type of a relationship exists between...

Question 13

In addition to approval, peer reinforcement affects behavior patterns of peer recipients since it provides

Accepted Answer

Peer reinforcement often involves giving attention to certain behaviors, thereby encouraging their repetition.

Question 14

compared peer relationships in the U.S., Japan, and Korea and found that

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that American peers tend to spend more time talking to each other compared to their counterparts in Japan and Korea. This difference could be attributed to cultural variations in communication styles and the emphasis on social interaction.

Question 15

At around 6-12 months of age, infants

Accepted Answer

At around 6-12 months of age, infants can recognize a peer as a social partner, which means they notice and interact with other infants. This is an important milestone in social development. Option B is incorrect because pretend play usually emerges around 18-24 months of age, while option C and D are incorrect as they contradict the statement that infants recognize and interact with each other at this age.

Question 16

Relationships between preschoolers

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that relationships between preschoolers may involve complex dynamics, including conflict resolution, social dominance, and even cooperation.

Question 17

found that toddlers who frequently initiated conflicts with peers

Accepted Answer

Toddlers who frequently initiate conflicts with peers are not necessarily unpopular or socially immature. In fact, research has found that these toddlers are often the most sociable and initiate the most interactions with others. They may simply be testing social boundaries and learning how to navigate social situations. Insecure attachment to parents may be a factor in behavior problems, but it is not directly related to conflict initiation with peers.

Question 18

Which of the following types of play is the most complex and sophisticated?

Accepted Answer

Cooperative play involves children working together towards a common goal or engaging in pretend play with assigned roles. This type of play requires high levels of communication, collaboration, and negotiation among the participants, which makes it the most complex and sophisticated type of play. Solitary play involves children playing alone and is the simplest form of play. Associative play involves children playing in a group but without a common goal or assigned role, while parallel play involves children playing alongside each other but not necessarily interacting or communicating with each other.

Question 19

Throughout the toddler years, children show a greater preference for playing

Accepted Answer

Toddlers develop social skills during this stage and prefer to play with peers to learn about social interaction, communication, and cooperation. Playing with peers also promotes physical, emotional, and cognitive development.

Question 20

When children use their peers as standards to evaluate or measure themselves against, they are engaged in the process of

Accepted Answer

When children use their peers as standards to evaluate or measure themselves against, they are engaged in the process of social comparison. This is a common behavior during childhood and adolescence, as children are trying to establish their identity and place in social groups. Modeling refers to learning through imitation, peer adulation refers to excessive admiration or worship of peers, and social decline does not accurately describe this process.

Quiz 12: Expanding the Social World: Peers and Friends