Question 1

After he was robbed,Marcus kept replaying the incident in his mind."Why did I leave the door unlocked? Some of my stuff was irreplaceable and I can never get it back." By continually focusing on this negative event,Marcus is coping with his feelings through
A) thought suppression.
B) misattribution.
C) distraction.
D) rumination.

Accepted Answer

Marcus is repeatedly replaying the negative event and focusing on his loss, which is an example of rumination. This is a maladaptive coping strategy as it can prolong negative emotions and hinder the ability to move on from the event.

Question 2

Current research about the role of the amygdala in emotion suggests that the path from the thalamus to the cortex to the amygdala
A) initiates memory retrieval.
B) confirms whether a threat is present.
C) selects a response.
D) determines the appropriate response.

Accepted Answer

The amygdala is responsible for determining the threat level of a stimulus and initiating the appropriate response. The thalamus sends sensory information to the cortex for processing before it reaches the amygdala, which then confirms whether or not a threat is present. It is the confirmation of threat by the amygdala that triggers an emotional response. The selection and determination of the appropriate response happens after this initial processing by the amygdala. Therefore, the best choice is B - confirms whether a threat is present.

Question 3

Linda is feeling shaky,her heart is racing,and her mouth is dry.She attributes these symptoms to the fact that she has a big presentation in five minutes and she is nervous.Which theory of emotion best explains Linda's experience?
A) James-Lange
B) Schacter-Singer two-factor
C) Cannon-Bard
D) misattribution

Accepted Answer

The Schacter-Singer two-factor theory suggests that emotions are a result of both physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation of that arousal. Linda's symptoms of shakiness, racing heart, and dry mouth can be attributed to physiological arousal, which she interprets as nervousness due to her upcoming presentation. This theory emphasizes the role of cognitive interpretation in determining emotions.

Question 4

Janet and Joan are on a hot air balloon ride.They experience identical patterns of physiological arousal: increased heart rate,sweaty palms,pupil dilation,and increased breathing.After each woman assesses the environment,Janet feels happy while Joan is very scared.Which theory of emotion can best explain this difference?
A) Schacter-Singer two-factor
B) misattribution
C) Cannon-Bard
D) James-Lange

Accepted Answer

The Schacter-Singer two-factor theory states that physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation of that arousal together determine emotions. In this scenario, both women experienced the same physiological arousal, but their different emotional experiences were likely due to their cognitive interpretations of the situation. Janet assessed the environment and interpreted it as safe and enjoyable, leading to feelings of happiness. Joan, on the other hand, assessed the environment and interpreted it as dangerous, leading to feelings of fear.

Question 5

Jason gets excited every time he walks into his physics class.However,Jason has never really liked science,so he does not think that his excitement is due to the class.Instead,he decides that he must be attracted to his lab partner.Jason's misattribution of his arousal in an attempt to explain the excitement he feels is consistent with which theory of emotion?
A) Cannon-Bard
B) James-Lange
C) Maslow's
D) Schacter-Singer two-factor

Accepted Answer

Jason's experience aligns with the Schacter-Singer two-factor theory, as he is misattributing his arousal (excitement) to the wrong source (class instead of lab partner). According to this theory, emotions result from physiological arousal (such as increased heart rate) and cognitive interpretation of that arousal (the lab partner is attractive).

Question 6

Mabel is comparing theories of emotion.When studying the Schacter-Singer two-factor theory,she notes that people experience emotion through
A) simultaneous physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation.
B) the subjective emotion followed by the physiological response.
C) physiological arousal followed by cognitive interpretation.
D) the emotion correlated with the physiological response pattern.

Accepted Answer

The Schacter-Singer two-factor theory posits that emotion is experienced through physiological arousal followed by cognitive interpretation, which together lead to the experience of emotion.

Question 7

Eva and Garnet survived a traumatic bus accident.During the accident,Eva's amygdala was severely damaged while Garnet experienced no injuries.When compared with Garnet,you would expect Eva to be ________ to develop a conditioned fear to buses.
A) less likely
B) more likely
C) equally likely
D) unlikely

Accepted Answer

The amygdala is crucial for processing emotions, especially fear. Damage to Eva's amygdala would impair her ability to develop conditioned fear responses, making her less likely to develop a conditioned fear to buses compared to Garnet.

Question 8

In a study,male participants are given a drug that makes them feel extremely happy.Participants in Group A are told that the drug will make them happy.Participants in Group B are not told about the effects of the drug.Later on,an attractive woman enters the room.According to the Schacter-Singer two-factor theory,Group A is less likely to feel attracted to the woman because these participants
A) were already happy when they came to the experiment.
B) expected positive feelings from the drug.
C) identified the positive feelings later.
D) were not told about the effects of the drug.

Accepted Answer

According to the Schacter-Singer two-factor theory, emotions are a result of both physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation. Group A participants were told about the effects of the drug and therefore, they may have attributed their happiness to the drug rather than the presence of the attractive woman. As a result, their cognitive interpretation of the situation may not have led to an increase in attraction towards the woman.

Question 9

Blake is waiting to hear whether he has been accepted to medical school.He is so anxious that he is having trouble working.To cope with the situation,he tries to keep himself from thinking about it by practicing the guitar.In doing so,Blake is dealing with his feelings through
A) rumination.
B) thought suppression.
C) distraction.
D) reappraisal.

Accepted Answer

Blake is using distraction as a coping mechanism, as he is trying to keep his mind occupied with playing guitar to avoid thinking about his anxiety-inducing situation of waiting to hear back from medical school.

Question 10

Kirsten and Dustin have gone down the most demanding ski trail at the resort.Back at the lodge,they are feeling extra excitement from finishing their trail and suddenly find that their attraction for each other has increased greatly.This effect is most likely due to
A) physiological arousal.
B) excitation transfer.
C) reappraisal.
D) emotion labeling.

Accepted Answer

The increased emotional attraction between Kirsten and Dustin is most likely due to excitation transfer. This theory suggests that physiological arousal from one situation can spill over into another situation and increase the intensity of emotions experienced in the second situation. In this scenario, the excitement and physical arousal from completing the demanding ski trail may have spilled over into the feelings Kirsten and Dustin have towards each other.

Question 11

You are walking through the jungle and you see a very large snake.Which of the following explanations best represents the James-Lange theory of emotion?
A) You are afraid because you are shaking.
B) You are shaking because you are afraid.
C) You are shaking because you know that a snake is scary.
D) You are shaking and you are afraid.

Accepted Answer

The James-Lange theory of emotion suggests that physiological arousal precedes the experience of emotion, so you feel afraid because you notice you are shaking.

Question 12

Kyoti and Niwako are discussing the places in town where they have met the best-looking men.Based on excitation transfer,which place will be at the top of the list?
A) the library
B) the laundromat
C) a quiet restaurant
D) a dance club

Accepted Answer

Excitation transfer theory suggests that physiological arousal from one situation can transfer to a subsequent situation, increasing the intensity of one's emotional reactions. It is likely that a dance club would create high levels of physiological arousal in individuals, which could increase their attraction toward others they meet in a subsequent location. Therefore, D, a dance club, is likely to be at the top of the list for places in town where they have met the best-looking men.

Question 13

Current research about the role of the amygdala in emotion suggests that the path from the thalamus to the amygdala
A) initiates memory retrieval.
B) confirms whether a threat is present.
C) prepares one to respond to the threat.
D) determines the appropriate response.

Accepted Answer

The amygdala receives sensory information about threats from the thalamus and processes it to prepare the individual to respond to the threat. Research suggests that this process allows for rapid, automatic responses to potential threats before they are evaluated by the cortex. Memory retrieval and determining the appropriate response are functions that occur after the initial processing by the amygdala.

Question 14

When going to her office on the seventh floor,June either takes the elevator or the stairs.If June takes the stairs,she will be annoyed when asked a simple question by her coworkers.However,if June takes the elevator,she is more patient.The irritated reaction that occurs when June is physiologically aroused by climbing the stairs is an example of
A) the facial-feedback hypothesis.
B) an emotion label.
C) excitation transfer.
D) reappraisal.

Accepted Answer

Excitation transfer occurs when arousal from one event carries over to influence the response to another event, such as June's irritation after climbing the stairs affecting her reaction to coworkers.

Question 15

Winona has difficulty determining how fearful someone is based on the person's facial expressions.Her friends worry that she can no longer process the emotional significance of stimuli due to brain damage and think there is a problem with Winona's
A) hippocampus.
B) prefrontal cortex.
C) thalamus.
D) amygdala.

Accepted Answer

The amygdala plays a significant role in processing fear and other emotional responses. Damage to this area of the brain can result in difficulty interpreting or responding appropriately to emotional stimuli.

Question 16

Danny,who has a damaged amygdala,accidentally spilled kerosene on a campfire and got badly burned.Later,Danny's reaction to fire is that he
A) knows it is dangerous and has a strong conditioned fear response to it.
B) does not think it is dangerous and has no conditioned fear of it.
C) does not think it is dangerous but becomes terrified around it.
D) knows it is dangerous but has no conditioned fear of it.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Danny,who has a damaged amygdala,accidentally spilled kerosene...

Question 17

Tia is studying for her introductory psychology exam and is having trouble understanding the James-Lange theory of emotion.Her friend Brian took the course last semester and is most likely to explain the relationship between fear and trembling as
A) unrelated.
B) being felt simultaneously.
C) someone trembles because he or she feels afraid.
D) someone feels afraid because he or she is trembling.

Accepted Answer

The James-Lange theory of emotion suggests that physiological arousal precedes the experience of emotion. In this case, someone feels afraid because they notice they are trembling.

Question 18

You are walking through the jungle and you see a very large snake.Which of the following explanations best represents the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion?
A) You are afraid because you are shaking.
B) You are shaking because you are afraid.
C) You are shaking because you know that a snake is scary.
D) You are shaking and you are afraid.

Accepted Answer

According to the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion, the experience of emotion occurs simultaneously with the physiological arousal. In this situation, seeing the snake would trigger both the physical response of shaking and the emotional response of fear at the same time, leading to shaking and feeling afraid.

Question 19

Lisa does not like going to her sister Megan's piano recitals,but she finds that if she forces herself to smile during the recital,she will ________,as predicted by the ________.
A) begin to feel happy; facial-feedback hypothesis
B) begin to feel happy; Cannon-Bard theory
C) not feel any differently than she did before; facial-feedback hypothesis
D) not feel any differently than she did before; Cannon-Bard theory

Accepted Answer

According to the facial-feedback hypothesis, forcing oneself to smile can actually lead to feeling happier, as the muscles involved in making the smile signal the brain to produce positive emotions. This is the opposite of the Cannon-Bard theory, which suggests that emotions and bodily reactions occur simultaneously and independently of each other. Therefore, Lisa is likely to begin to feel happy if she forces herself to smile during the piano recital.

Question 20

In the musical The King and I,the lead character sings about whistling when she feels afraid to hide her fear,which eventually makes her not feel afraid.The idea that acting like you are not afraid keeps you from feeling afraid is similar to which theory of emotion?
A) Cannon-Bard
B) James-Lange
C) Schacter-Singer two-factor
D) misattribution

Accepted Answer

The James-Lange theory of emotion suggests that physiological arousal precedes the experience of emotion, implying that acting in a certain way (like whistling) can lead to the corresponding emotional experience (feeling less afraid).

Quiz 9: Motivation and Emotion

After he was robbed,Marcus kept replaying the incident in his mind."Why did I leave the door unlocked? Some of my stuff was irreplaceable and I can never get it back." By continually focusing on this negative event,Marcus is coping with his feelings through

Current research about the role of the amygdala in emotion suggests that the path from the thalamus to the cortex to the amygdala

Linda is feeling shaky,her heart is racing,and her mouth is dry.She attributes these symptoms to the fact that she has a big presentation in five minutes and she is nervous.Which theory of emotion best explains Linda's experience?

Mabel is comparing theories of emotion.When studying the Schacter-Singer two-factor theory,she notes that people experience emotion through

Eva and Garnet survived a traumatic bus accident.During the accident,Eva's amygdala was severely damaged while Garnet experienced no injuries.When compared with Garnet,you would expect Eva to be ________ to develop a conditioned fear to buses.

Blake is waiting to hear whether he has been accepted to medical school.He is so anxious that he is having trouble working.To cope with the situation,he tries to keep himself from thinking about it by practicing the guitar.In doing so,Blake is dealing with his feelings through

Kirsten and Dustin have gone down the most demanding ski trail at the resort.Back at the lodge,they are feeling extra excitement from finishing their trail and suddenly find that their attraction for each other has increased greatly.This effect is most likely due to

You are walking through the jungle and you see a very large snake.Which of the following explanations best represents the James-Lange theory of emotion?

Kyoti and Niwako are discussing the places in town where they have met the best-looking men.Based on excitation transfer,which place will be at the top of the list?

Current research about the role of the amygdala in emotion suggests that the path from the thalamus to the amygdala

Winona has difficulty determining how fearful someone is based on the person's facial expressions.Her friends worry that she can no longer process the emotional significance of stimuli due to brain damage and think there is a problem with Winona's

Danny,who has a damaged amygdala,accidentally spilled kerosene on a campfire and got badly burned.Later,Danny's reaction to fire is that he

Tia is studying for her introductory psychology exam and is having trouble understanding the James-Lange theory of emotion.Her friend Brian took the course last semester and is most likely to explain the relationship between fear and trembling as

You are walking through the jungle and you see a very large snake.Which of the following explanations best represents the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion?

Lisa does not like going to her sister Megan's piano recitals,but she finds that if she forces herself to smile during the recital,she will ,as predicted by the .

In the musical The King and I,the lead character sings about whistling when she feels afraid to hide her fear,which eventually makes her not feel afraid.The idea that acting like you are not afraid keeps you from feeling afraid is similar to which theory of emotion?