Question 1

A test that measures the qualities it is supposed to measure is _____.
A) reliable
B) accurate
C) stable
D) valid

Accepted Answer

A test that measures the qualities it is supposed to measure is considered valid. Reliability refers to consistency, stability refers to consistency over time, and accuracy refers to the closeness of a measurement to its true value. While these are all important aspects of a good test, validity is the most essential in ensuring that the test is accurately measuring what it claims to measure.

Question 2

Usian is failing in school, and scores well below grade-level on achievement tests. When he takes the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC), his intelligence quotient (IQ) score is in the mid-60s. Usian is classified as:
A) an underachiever.
B) learning disabled.
C) dyslexic.
D) intellectually disabled.

Accepted Answer

Usian's IQ score falls within the range of intellectual disability (IQ score below 70). This suggests significant limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, which can affect his ability to learn and perform well in school.

Question 3

Ms. Ramrod believes that the intelligence quotient (IQ) test is a good measure of her fourth-graders' genetically determined intellectual capacities. The school principal should advise caution, especially for:
A) Delphinia, whose family owns the local bank.
B) Eduardo, whose great-grandparents moved to the United States from Spain.
C) Farrah, who lives with her mother, a professor at the local community college.
D) Carlos, whose mother is living below the poverty line.

Accepted Answer

The school principal should advise caution for Carlos, whose mother is living below the poverty line. IQ tests have been shown to be culturally biased, and individuals from lower socioeconomic backgrounds may experience barriers that impact their ability to perform well on the test. The principal should consider the potential impact of socioeconomic factors on the results of the IQ test when interpreting the scores of students like Carlos.

Question 4

A fifth-grader has an intelligence quotient (IQ) of 130. If the test is reliable and valid, at age 50, that person's IQ:
A) will still probably be about 130.
B) will be lower than 130.
C) will be higher than 130.
D) cannot be predicted, as IQ scores normally shift a good deal from childhood to adult life.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that IQ scores tend to remain stable over time and are reliable predictors of academic and professional success in adulthood. Therefore, it is likely that a person with an IQ of 130 in fifth grade would still have a similar IQ at age 50.

Question 5

Which statement is true of dyslexia?
A) Dyslexia is more common in girls than boys.
B) Most people with dyslexia naturally outgrow this condition as adults.
C) Dyslexia has a biological/genetic basis.
D) When children are poorly taught in the regular classroom, dyslexia is the diagnosis.

Accepted Answer

Dyslexia has a biological/genetic basis and is not something that individuals outgrow or that is caused solely by poor teaching. It affects individuals of all genders, though it is often more commonly diagnosed in boys.

Question 6

A psychologist who disagrees with the g concept of intelligence would make which statement about what she believes?
A) "People can use the intelligence quotient (IQ) score to predict intellectual talents at life tasks."
B) "People have similar intellectual talents and skills."
C) "An intelligence quotient (IQ) score measures aptitude for school, nothing else."
D) "A single test score can capture a person's intelligence."

Accepted Answer

The g concept of intelligence posits a general intelligence factor that underlies all cognitive abilities. Disagreeing with this, a psychologist might argue that an IQ score is limited in scope, measuring only academic aptitude rather than a broad range of intellectual talents.

Question 7

The Flynn effect refers to the:
A) worldwide rise in intelligence quotient (IQ) scores over the previous century.
B) worldwide decline in intelligence quotient (IQ) scores over the previous century.
C) worldwide stability in intelligence quotient (IQ) scores over the previous century.
D) fact that children in collectivist societies now have higher intelligence quotient (IQ) scores than do children in individualistic societies.

Accepted Answer

The Flynn effect refers to the worldwide rise in intelligence quotient (IQ) scores over the previous century, which has been observed across various cultures and age ranges. This suggests that, on average, people have become smarter over time, although the reasons behind this trend are still debated in the scientific community.

Question 8

Child #1 comes from a disadvantaged background and attends a "failing" public school. Child #2 comes from an upper-middle-class family and attends an excellent private school. On the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC), both children get identical scores. Based on the text discussion, what should the psychologist giving the test conclude?
A) Child #1 has higher intellectual potential.
B) Child #2 has higher intellectual potential.
C) Both children have equal intellectual potential, as they have identical IQs.
D) Both children probably are receiving similar grades in school.

Accepted Answer

The psychologist might conclude that Child #1 has higher intellectual potential because, despite facing more environmental challenges and having less access to resources than Child #2, they achieved the same score on the WISC. This suggests that Child #1 might have had to overcome more obstacles to reach the same level of performance, indicating potentially higher innate intellectual abilities.

Question 9

A teacher would refer all of these children for intelligence testing EXCEPT for a child who:
A) seems far ahead of his classmates and is bored with regular work.
B) seems far behind his classmates and is unable to master the work.
C) is having serious trouble reading.
D) receives moderate-to-good grades in all school subjects.

Accepted Answer

The child who receives moderate-to-good grades in all school subjects does not exhibit any significant indicators that would suggest a need for intelligence testing. The other options indicate potential discrepancies or difficulties the child may be facing in their academic performance, which could indicate a need for further assessment.

Question 10

Which is NOT true of a child who gets an intelligence quotient (IQ) score of 130?
A) This person scored at the 98th percentile for that age group.
B) The score falls in the top 2 percent of children that age.
C) This score is considered "gifted."
D) This child is apt to be succeeding socially.

Accepted Answer

There is no guarantee that a child with a high IQ score will excel socially. Social success also depends on a variety of other factors, such as emotional intelligence, social skills, and personal interests. While a high IQ score can be an advantage in some social situations, it is not a guarantee of overall social success or popularity.

Question 11

The Belsky Intelligence Test for Students (BITS) is reliable. What does this mean?
A) It accurately measures students' intellectual capacity.
B) It can be given to all students, regardless of ethnicity, gender, or place of residence.
C) It has been given for many years.
D) When it is given more than once, students get nearly the same score each time.

Accepted Answer

Reliability refers to the consistency of results when a test is repeated multiple times. If the BITS is reliable, this means that when it is given to the same student on two or more occasions, the student is likely to receive a similar score each time. Therefore, option D is the most accurate answer.

Question 12

Dorek is failing in school, and scores well below grade-level on achievement tests. When he takes the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC), his intelligence quotient (IQ) score is 110. Dorek is classified as:
A) an underachiever.
B) having a specific learning disorder.
C) dyslexic.
D) intellectually disabled.

Accepted Answer

Dorek's low academic performance and discrepancy between achievement and IQ scores suggest that he has a specific learning disorder, which is a neurological condition that affects specific areas of learning and processing information. An IQ score of 110 is within the average range (100-119), so he is not intellectually disabled. Dyslexia is a type of specific learning disorder that affects reading and language processing, but it is not the only type. Underachievement may be a consequence of various factors, including lack of motivation, poor study habits, or inadequate instruction, but it does not explain the underlying cognitive difficulties that Dorek is experiencing.

Question 13

Clara is in her local school's gifted program. Which is NOT a reasonable assumption about Clara?
A) This child has an intelligence quotient (IQ) of 130 or above.
B) Clara took the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WAIS) or a similar test.
C) This child is intellectually ahead of her classmates in the regular classes.
D) Clara has superb social skills.

Accepted Answer

The passage does not provide any information about Clara's social skills, so it is not reasonable to make any assumptions about them. A, B, and C are all reasonable assumptions based on the fact that Clara is in the gifted program.

Question 14

The Belsky Intelligence Test for Students (BITS) is valid. What does this mean?
A) It accurately measures the real-world abilities it is supposed to test.
B) It can be given to students, regardless of ethnicity, gender, or place of residence.
C) It has been given for many years.
D) When it is given more than once, students get nearly the same score each time.

Accepted Answer

Validity in testing means that it accurately measures what it is supposed to measure. So, if the BITS is valid, it means that it measures the real-world abilities of students accurately.

Question 15

If a psychologist adheres to Spearman's g, which of the following does she believe?
A) There is a general underlying intelligence that the intelligence quotient (IQ) score measures.
B) People have unique intellectual talents and skills.
C) The intelligence quotient (IQ) score only measures academic aptitude.
D) The intelligence quotient (IQ) score is only valid when children are in school.

Accepted Answer

Spearman's g theory asserts that there is a general underlying intelligence factor, known as 'g', which is responsible for overall performance on cognitive tasks. Therefore, a psychologist who adheres to this theory would believe that there is a singular, overarching intelligence that is being measured by the IQ score.

Question 16

Which is the correct diagnostic label for each child? (1) failing in school, and has a very low IQ; (2) failing in school and has an average or above average IQ.
A) (1) intellectually disabled; (2) specific learning disorder
B) (1) specific learning disorder; (2) intellectually disabled
C) (1 & 2) in both cases, specific learning disorder
D) (1 & 2) in both cases, intellectually disabled

Accepted Answer

For (1), a very low IQ and failing in school suggest intellectual disability. For (2), an average or above average IQ but failing in school suggests a specific learning disorder, as the difficulties are specific to learning and not due to overall intellectual functioning.

Question 17

Nadia's intelligence quotient (IQ) score is 130 in second grade. Which is NOT a true statement about Nadia's IQ score?
A) Nadia is eligible for the gifted class.
B) This child is probably doing exceptionally well in school.
C) Nadia will probably have about the same IQ score in fifth grade unless she undergoes a major life stress.
D) Nadia is gifted in every real-world talent.

Accepted Answer

The statement "Nadia is gifted in every real-world talent" is not necessarily true. While an IQ score of 130 is considered high, it does not guarantee mastery in every area of life or talent. IQ test scores are just one measure of intelligence and do not determine a person's overall abilities or potential.

Question 18

Hernando was only average in his school abilities but has become a huge success in life because he has terrific street smarts. Hernando's life story MOST closely fits:
A) Robert Sternberg's theory of intelligence.
B) the g concept of intelligence.
C) Howard Gardner's ideas about intelligence.
D) any teacher's ideas about intelligence.

Accepted Answer

Robert Sternberg's theory of intelligence includes practical intelligence, often referred to as "street smarts," which aligns with Hernando's success despite average school abilities.

Question 19

Which is NOT an illustration in support of the argument that the intelligence quotient (IQ) score partly reflects the quality of a child's environment?
A) The Flynn effect shows a worldwide rise in IQ scores over the course of a century.
B) After being ill and missing a good deal of school, a child's IQ score may decline.
C) After undergoing life stress, a child's IQ scores may decline.
D) IQ scores normally change a good deal from year to year in a person's life.

Accepted Answer

The fact that IQ scores normally change a good deal from year to year in a person's life does not necessarily support the argument that IQ scores partly reflect the quality of a child's environment. The other options (A, B, and C) provide evidence that environmental factors can affect IQ scores.

Question 20

The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) is a good indicator of innate "genetic" ability for:
A) every elementary school child.
B) upper-middle-class children.
C) girls, not boys.
D) every preschool child.

Accepted Answer

The WISC is a standardized test designed to measure the intellectual ability of children ages 6-16, and it is typically used in educational and clinical settings. While it may be administered to any child within this age range, it is particularly useful for evaluating children from middle- or upper-middle-class backgrounds, as these children often have greater access to educational resources and support. It is not gender-specific, and it is not recommended for use with preschool children as it may not accurately assess their abilities.

Quiz 7: Settings for Development Home and School

A test that measures the qualities it is supposed to measure is _____.

Usian is failing in school, and scores well below grade-level on achievement tests. When he takes the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) , his intelligence quotient (IQ) score is in the mid-60s. Usian is classified as:

Ms. Ramrod believes that the intelligence quotient (IQ) test is a good measure of her fourth-graders' genetically determined intellectual capacities. The school principal should advise caution, especially for:

A fifth-grader has an intelligence quotient (IQ) of 130. If the test is reliable and valid, at age 50, that person's IQ:

Which statement is true of dyslexia?

A psychologist who disagrees with the g concept of intelligence would make which statement about what she believes?

The Flynn effect refers to the:

A teacher would refer all of these children for intelligence testing EXCEPT for a child who:

Which is NOT true of a child who gets an intelligence quotient (IQ) score of 130?

The Belsky Intelligence Test for Students (BITS) is reliable. What does this mean?

Dorek is failing in school, and scores well below grade-level on achievement tests. When he takes the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) , his intelligence quotient (IQ) score is 110. Dorek is classified as:

Clara is in her local school's gifted program. Which is NOT a reasonable assumption about Clara?

The Belsky Intelligence Test for Students (BITS) is valid. What does this mean?

If a psychologist adheres to Spearman's g, which of the following does she believe?

Which is the correct diagnostic label for each child? (1) failing in school, and has a very low IQ; (2) failing in school and has an average or above average IQ.

Nadia's intelligence quotient (IQ) score is 130 in second grade. Which is NOT a true statement about Nadia's IQ score?

Hernando was only average in his school abilities but has become a huge success in life because he has terrific street smarts. Hernando's life story MOST closely fits:

Which is NOT an illustration in support of the argument that the intelligence quotient (IQ) score partly reflects the quality of a child's environment?

The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) is a good indicator of innate "genetic" ability for: