Question 1

The early wave of immigrants to the United States,from the 1820s to the 1880s,was mostly from:

Accepted Answer

The early wave of immigrants to the United States from the 1820s to the 1880s was mostly from northwestern Europe, including countries such as Ireland, Germany, and England. This period is sometimes referred to as the "Old Immigration," and the immigrants came in large numbers due to factors such as economic opportunities and political unrest in their home countries.

Question 2

What fraction of undergraduates at the University of California,Berkeley are nonwhite?

Accepted Answer

Approximately two-thirds (2/3) of undergraduates at UC Berkeley are nonwhite, reflecting the university's diverse student body.

Question 3

Most immigrants admitted to the United States since 1965 have been from:

Accepted Answer

Since 1965, the majority of immigrants admitted to the United States have been from Latin America or Asia, particularly from countries such as Mexico, China, India, the Philippines, and Vietnam. This shift in immigration patterns is a result of changes in US immigration policies and global economic and political developments.

Question 4

Which is NOT a factor in the rise of modern racism?

Accepted Answer

The concept of race did not exist in Europe since the early Middle Ages. Rather, it was a creation of the Enlightenment era in the 18th century, and the use of racial categories as we understand them today did not emerge until the 19th century. The other choices are all factors in the rise of modern racism.

Question 5

Which of the following immigrant groups was NOT subjected to significant prejudice and discrimination by those who were already established in the United States?

Accepted Answer

British immigrants were generally not subjected to significant prejudice and discrimination as they shared a common language and cultural background with the dominant Anglo-American population. However, this does not mean that all British immigrants were accepted without prejudice, as discrimination was also based on religion, social class, and regional background.

Question 6

Which of the following statements concerning segregation is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

The statement that interracial marriage had always been legal in most northern states is not true. Many northern states also had laws banning interracial marriage, although they were often not as strictly enforced or as pervasive as in the southern states. It wasn't until the Loving v. Virginia case in 1967 that all interracial marriage bans were declared unconstitutional in the U.S.

Question 7

Which of the following statements concerning the Civil War is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

Most Northern leaders, including President Abraham Lincoln, initially focused on preserving the Union rather than abolishing slavery. It was only as the war dragged on and it became clear that slavery was a key factor in the South's ability to continue fighting that abolition became a central goal of the Union.

Question 8

The systematic,planned destruction of a racial,political,or cultural group is called:

Accepted Answer

Genocide is the deliberate and systematic destruction of a racial, political, or cultural group. It often involves violence, mass killing, and other atrocities committed against members of the targeted group. Assimilation, segregation, and pluralism do not necessarily involve destruction or violence.

Question 9

Which model best fits the experience of Switzerland?

Accepted Answer

Switzerland has a policy of multiculturalism, where different cultures are valued and respected. There are four official languages spoken in Switzerland (German, French, Italian, and Romansh), and the country has a history of welcoming immigrants and refugees. However, there are also some challenges related to integration and discrimination, particularly for immigrant and minority groups.

Question 10

In examining recent trends in global migration,Stephen Castles and Mark Miller (1993)have identified various tendencies that they claim characterize migration patterns today and that are expected to persist in the coming years.Which of the following is NOT a tendency?

Accepted Answer

The three identified tendencies are acceleration, diversification, and globalization. Masculinization is not listed as one of the identified tendencies by Castles and Miller.

Question 11

Amy Chua,in World on Fire: How Exporting Free Market Democracy Breeds Ethnic Hatred and Global Instability,argues that free-market democracy results in ethnic tension in many developing countries because:

Accepted Answer

Chua argues that in many developing countries, a small ethnic minority often enjoys disproportionate economic power because they have access to education and opportunities through foreign investment and globalization. This creates resentment and tension among other ethnic groups who perceive the minority as exploiting their resources and limiting their own economic advancement.

Question 12

__________ refers to the movement of people into one country from another for settlement,and __________ refers to the movement of people out of one country to settle in another.

Accepted Answer

Immigration refers to people moving into a new country for settlement, while emigration refers to people moving out of one country to settle in another. This distinction is important because the two terms have opposite meanings and are often used in policy discussions about migration and borders.

Question 13

Dispersal of an ethnic population from an original homeland into foreign areas,often in a forced way or under traumatic circumstances,is known as:

Accepted Answer

The dispersal of an ethnic population from an original homeland into foreign areas, often in a forced way or under traumatic circumstances, is known as diaspora. Immigration and emigration refer to the act of individuals or groups moving from one country to another voluntarily. Assimilation refers to the process of becoming part of a different cultural group or society.

Question 14

Driven by a series of potato famines,1.5 million people migrated to the United States from __________ in the 19th century and settled mostly in __________ areas.

Accepted Answer

The Irish Potato Famine led to a mass migration of Irish people to the United States in the 19th century, where they predominantly settled in urban areas.

Question 15

A major new influx of immigrants from __________ arrived in the United States in the 1880s and 1890s.

Accepted Answer

The major new influx of immigrants arrived in the United States from southern and eastern Europe in the 1880s and 1890s. This included immigrants from Italy, Russia, Poland, and other countries in this region.

Question 16

The term that describes the practices of keeping racial and ethnic groups physically separate,thereby maintaining the superior position of the dominant group,is:

Accepted Answer

Segregation refers to the physical separation of different groups, often based on race, ethnicity, or religion. This practice was commonly used to maintain the dominant position of the majority group and enforce discrimination against minority groups. Multiculturalism, assimilation, and pluralism are concepts that promote the integration and acceptance of diverse groups in society, unlike segregation.

Question 17

By 2010,the number of migrants worldwide was estimated at nearly:

Accepted Answer

By 2010, the number of migrants worldwide was estimated to be 214 million according to the UN.

Question 18

Assimilation is defined as:

Accepted Answer

Assimilation refers to the process where a minority group adopts the values, customs, and behaviors of the dominant culture which may result in the loss of their own cultural identity. Option A describes this process accurately. Option B describes cultural pluralism or the melting pot model, option C describes the idea of multiculturalism, and option D describes separatism.

Question 19

Which of the following events is NOT an example of genocide?

Accepted Answer

The Cultural Revolution in Communist China, while a period of widespread violence and persecution, was not motivated by a specific intention to eliminate a particular ethnic or religious group, which is a key characteristic of genocide. The other options all involve intentional mass violence and killing of specific groups based on their ethnicity, religion, or other identity markers.

Question 20

More than 99 percent of the people in the United States are descended from:

Accepted Answer

The vast majority of people in the United States are descendants of immigrants, as the original inhabitants of the land were Native Americans. The ancestors of most people in the US came from various parts of the world, including Europe, Africa, and Asia.

Quiz 10: Ethnicity and Race