Question 1

When would a sociologist use the microsociological approach?

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Question 2

The presentation of self in everyday life,also called dramaturgy,was developed by ________.
A)Talcott Parsons
B)Edwin Sutherland
C)Erving Goffman
D)Travis Hirschi

Accepted Answer

Erving Goffman developed the theory of dramaturgy, also known as the presentation of self in everyday life. This theory suggests that individuals are like actors on a stage, constantly performing and presenting themselves in different ways depending on the social context and audience. Goffman believed that individuals have a "front stage" (public self-presentation) and a "backstage" (private self-expression), and that these performances shape how we interact with others and navigate social situations.

Question 3

Name five of the ten social institutions discussed in the text.

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Question 4

How are norms and status inconsistency related?

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Question 5

How do social institutions affect the people of a society?

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Question 6

How can one avoid role conflict?
A)by segregating statuses
B)by using status symbols
C)by applying sanctions
D)by reading role cues

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A)by segregating...

Question 7

Why do we lose rights to make certain decisions about our own behavior when we join a group?

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Question 8

A face-saving technique in which all parties involved in an embarrassing situation ignore it and continue their conversation or interaction as though the embarrassing situation never happened is referred to as ________.
A)redefining the situation
B)teamwork
C)studied nonobservance
D)impression management

Accepted Answer

This technique is known as "studied nonobservance," where all parties involved pretend not to notice the embarrassing situation and continue with the conversation or interaction as though nothing happened. The other options don't accurately describe this technique. Redefining the situation refers to changing the context or meaning of a situation, teamwork refers to working collaboratively towards a common goal, and impression management refers to controlling how others perceive you.

Question 9

In the context of dramaturgy,impression management deals with ____________.
A)how we want others to perceive us
B)how our status changes
C)how our roles collide
D)how we adapt to our social environment

Accepted Answer

Impression management in dramaturgy refers to how we present ourselves to others in order to create a desired impression. This includes managing our behavior, appearance, and communication in ways that are consistent with the impression we want to make on others. Choice A best reflects this definition.

Question 10

If people define situations as real,they are real in their consequences. This classic statement is known as the ________.
A)Peter principle
B)Thomas theorem
C)Ouchi principle
D)Garfinkel theorem

Accepted Answer

The statement "If people define situations as real, they are real in their consequences" is known as the Thomas theorem. It emphasizes the importance of individuals' subjective interpretation of situations in shaping their behavior and attitudes.

Question 11

How would the division of labor in New York City compare to the division of labor in a primitive tribe of the Amazon River basin?

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Question 12

To show ourselves as expert role players and to gain positive recognition from others,we often have additional people work with us to help our performance come off as planned. This is referred to as ________.
A)face-saving
B)teamwork
C)cooperation
D)social manipulation

Accepted Answer

The scenario described involves multiple people working together to achieve a goal, which is the definition of teamwork. While face-saving, cooperation, and social manipulation may all play a role in the situation, the most fitting term to describe the overall dynamic is teamwork.

Question 13

An approach to social interaction in which social life is analyzed in terms of the stage is called ________.
A)ethnomethodology
B)functional analysis
C)dramaturgy
D)phenomenological analysis

Accepted Answer

Dramaturgy is an approach to social interaction developed by Erving Goffman, in which social life is analyzed in terms of the stage. This approach compares social interaction to a theatrical performance, where individuals play different roles, use props, and anticipate the reactions of their audience to achieve their desired outcome.

Question 14

In ethnomethodology,the ideas we take for granted that underlie our behavior and that we violate at our risk are called ________.
A)background assumptions
B)social facts
C)social traits
D)symbols

Accepted Answer

Ethnomethodology focuses on the implicit, taken-for-granted assumptions that underlie social behavior, often referred to as background assumptions. These assumptions are so deeply ingrained in our behavior that we generally do not recognize them as assumptions at all, but rather as objective facts of the world. Violating these assumptions can lead to social disruption, confusion, and even conflict. Social facts, social traits, and symbols are all related to the study of sociology, but do not specifically relate to the concept of ethnomethodology and background assumptions.

Question 15

What are the elements that cluster together to determine social class?

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Question 16

What is the sociological significance of roles?

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Question 17

What is the sociological significance of social structure?

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Question 18

Why did Durkheim use the term "mechanical" to describe the intimate community that shared values?

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Question 19

Officer Friel has just pulled over a motorist exceeding the speed limit by 40 miles per hour. When he approached the vehicle,he recognizes the driver as his best friend's daughter. Officer Friel is aware that the young lady has had some money problems and the last thing she can afford is a $200 speeding ticket that will also raise her insurance rates. At this point,which of the following terms BEST describes the position facing Officer Friel?
A)Officer Friel is experiencing role strain.
B)Officer Friel is experiencing role conflict.
C)Officer Friel is now engaged in role reversal.
D)Officer Friel is faced with status inconsistency.

Accepted Answer

Officer Friel is facing a conflict between his role as a police officer to enforce the law and his personal relationship with his best friend's daughter. This conflict is known as role conflict, where the demands of one role (police officer) are incompatible with the demands of another role (friend).

Question 20

How does society set the stage for our life experiences?

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Quiz 4: Social Structure and Social Interaction

When would a sociologist use the microsociological approach?

The presentation of self in everyday life,also called dramaturgy,was developed by ________.

Name five of the ten social institutions discussed in the text.

How are norms and status inconsistency related?

How do social institutions affect the people of a society?

How can one avoid role conflict?

Why do we lose rights to make certain decisions about our own behavior when we join a group?

A face-saving technique in which all parties involved in an embarrassing situation ignore it and continue their conversation or interaction as though the embarrassing situation never happened is referred to as ________.

In the context of dramaturgy,impression management deals with ____________.

If people define situations as real,they are real in their consequences. This classic statement is known as the ________.

How would the division of labor in New York City compare to the division of labor in a primitive tribe of the Amazon River basin?

To show ourselves as expert role players and to gain positive recognition from others,we often have additional people work with us to help our performance come off as planned. This is referred to as ________.

An approach to social interaction in which social life is analyzed in terms of the stage is called ________.

In ethnomethodology,the ideas we take for granted that underlie our behavior and that we violate at our risk are called ________.

What are the elements that cluster together to determine social class?

What is the sociological significance of roles?

What is the sociological significance of social structure?

Why did Durkheim use the term "mechanical" to describe the intimate community that shared values?

How does society set the stage for our life experiences?