Question 1

________ leaders inspire followers to transcend their self-interests for the good of the organization and can have an extraordinary effect on their followers.

Accepted Answer

A) Transformational leaders can have an extraordinary effect on their followers, inspiring them toward selfless goals that benefit the larger organization. These types of leaders inspire their followers by paying attention to their concerns, helping them rethink old problems in new ways, and encouraging them to achieve goals as a group.

Question 2

Which of the following would best serve as evidence to support the conclusion that an individual is an authentic leader?

Accepted Answer

E) Authentic leaders know who they are, know what they believe in and value, and act on those values and beliefs openly and candidly. Their followers consider them ethical people. The primary quality produced by authentic leadership, therefore, is trust. Authentic leaders share information, encourage open communication, and stick to their ideals.

Question 3

According to evidence, what is the first step a charismatic leader takes to influence followers?

Accepted Answer

D) Evidence suggests that charismatic leaders follow a four-step process to influence followers. This process begins with articulating an appealing vision, a long-term strategy for attaining a goal by linking the present with a better future for the organization. Desirable visions fit the times and circumstances and reflect the uniqueness of the organization.

Question 4

Zenith Technologies has a very flat organizational system with few managers. Instead, it has a rigid system of clear, formalized goals, clear procedures, and cohesive work groups. In this case, the various components of the organizational system are acting as ________ to formal leadership by replacing the support and ability offered by leaders.

Accepted Answer

D) One theory of leadership suggests that in many situations leaders' actions are irrelevant. Experience and training are among the substitutes that can replace the need for a leader's support or ability to create structure. Organizational characteristics such as explicit formalized goals, rigid rules and procedures, and cohesive work groups can also replace formal leadership.

Question 5

Trust which is based on a mutual understanding of each other's intentions and appreciation of the other's wants and desires is referred to as ________.

Accepted Answer

B) Identification-based trust, based on a mutual understanding of each other's intentions and appreciation of the other's wants and desires, is particularly difficult to achieve without face-to-face interaction. It's not yet clear whether it's even possible for employees to identify with or trust leaders with whom they communicate only electronically.

Question 6

________ is a psychological state that exists when you agree to make yourself vulnerable to another because you have positive expectations about how things are going to turn out.

Accepted Answer

B) Trust is a psychological state that exists when you agree to make yourself vulnerable to another because you have positive expectations about how things are going to turn out. Even though you aren't completely in control of the situation, you are willing to take a chance that the other person will come through for you.

Question 7

Which of the following statements accurately describes the attribution theory of leadership?

Accepted Answer

A) The attribution theory of leadership says leadership is merely an attribution people make about other individuals. Thus, we attribute to leaders intelligence, outgoing personality, strong verbal skills, aggressiveness, understanding, and industriousness. At the organizational level, we tend to see leaders, rightly or wrongly, as responsible for extremely negative or extremely positive performance.

Question 8

Leaders who clarify role and task requirements to accomplish established goals exhibit a(n) _________ style of leadership.

Accepted Answer

B) Recent studies, including the Ohio State Studies, Fiedler's model, and path-goal theory, have focused on the differences between transformational leaders and transactional leaders. In contrast to transformational leaders who inspire their followers to transcend their self-interests for the good of the organization, transactional leaders encourage their followers to achieve goals by defining specific goals and task requirements.

Question 9

Researchers are conducting a study of a company called Acme Corp., which they believe to be led by a transformational leader. Which of the following, if true, would most support the conclusion that Acme's leader is a transformational leader?

Accepted Answer

B) In companies with transformational leaders, followers are more likely to pursue ambitious goals, agree on the strategic goals of the organization, and believe the goals they are pursuing are personally important. There is greater decentralization of responsibility, managers have more propensity to take risks, and compensation plans are geared toward long-term results. All these factors result in superior organizational performance.

Question 10

Two companies, Roland Media and Go! Corp., are both headed by transformational leaders. However, Roland Media showed much greater profitability over a 5-year time period than did Go! Corp. Which of the following best explains why Roland Media performed better than Go! Corp. under transformational leadership?

Accepted Answer

C) Transformational leadership is most effective in small, privately held companies. It is less effective in complex organizations. Transformational leaders are more effective in improving group potency in teams higher in power distance and collectivism. They are less effective when leaders must deal with bureaucratic structures, when employees are highly individualistic, and when employees don't easily give up decision-making authority.

Question 11

The president of a small Asian country was hailed as a visionary and a genius when the nation's economy burgeoned during his first term in office. However, when the currency and the stock markets crashed during his government's second term, he was criticized as arrogant, elitist, and shortsighted. This scenario reflects the ________ theory of leadership.

Accepted Answer

E) The attribution theory of leadership says leadership is merely an attribution people make about other individuals. Thus, we attribute to leaders intelligence, outgoing personality, strong verbal skills, aggressiveness, understanding, and industriousness. At the organizational level, we tend to see leaders, rightly or wrongly, as responsible for extremely negative or extremely positive performance.

Question 12

The concept of socialized charismatic leadership seeks to integrate charismatic leadership with ________ leadership.

Accepted Answer

D) Scholars have tried to integrate ethical and charismatic leadership by advancing the idea of socialized charismatic leadership-leadership that conveys other-centered (not self-centered) values by leaders who model ethical conduct. Socialized charismatic leaders are able to bring employee values in line with their own values through their words and actions.

Question 13

Leo supervises a global team of project members based in multiple countries. Maria is Brazilian, Jean-Paul is French, Amit is Egyptian, and Xiang is Chinese. Leo is American and is based in the United States.
-Which of the following team members would be least likely to respond favorably if Leo made project-related decisions independently, without consulting the team?

Accepted Answer

A) Brazilians value participatory decision-making. Maria would thus be least likely to respond favorably to autocratic decision-making on Leo's part. As one Brazilian manager remarked in a research study, "We do not prefer leaders who take self-governing decisions and act alone without engaging the group. That's part of who we are."

Question 14

Because he has an internationally based team, Leo and the team do most of their business communications via e-mail. Which of the following represents what is least likely to be true of Leo's experience working with the team in an online environment?

Accepted Answer

C) Online leaders confront unique challenges, particularly around developing and maintaining trust. Identification-based trust, based on a mutual understanding of each other's intentions and appreciation of the other's wants and desires, is particularly difficult to achieve without face-to-face interaction. Leo's team would be least likely to experience high levels of identification-based trust. Online negotiations might also be hindered because parties express lower levels of trust.

Question 15

According to research, which of the following is true about demographic assumptions that are made about leaders?

Accepted Answer

A) Respondents in a study assumed a leader described with no identifying racial information was white at a rate beyond the base rate of white employees in a company. In scenarios where identical leadership situations are described but the leaders' race is manipulated, white leaders are rated as more effective than leaders of other racial groups.

Question 16

According to the full range of leadership model, which of the following leader behaviors will enable leaders to motivate followers to perform above expectations and transcend their self-interest for the sake of the organization?

Accepted Answer

C) According to the full range of leadership model, leadership behaviors including laissez-faire, management by exception (active or passive), and contingent reward will not get employees to go above and beyond the call of duty. Only with the four styles of transformational leadership-individualized consideration, intellectual stimulation, inspirational motivation, and idealized influence-are leaders able to motivate followers to perform above expectations and transcend their self-interest for the sake of the organization.

Question 17

Leo supervises a global team of project members based in multiple countries. Maria is Brazilian, Jean-Paul is French, Amit is Egyptian, and Xiang is Chinese. Leo is American and is based in the United States.
-In the light on the findings of the GLOBE project, which team members can be expected to respond most favorably when Leo exhibits high levels of initiating structure?

Accepted Answer

A) France and China are countries where individuals tend to value initiating structure. The French have a bureaucratic view of leaders and expect leaders to make decisions relatively autocratically. The Chinese have a high performance orientation that emphasizes status differences between employees. Leaders with high initiating structures therefore have better results in these countries.

Question 18

In terms of the full range of leadership model, which leader behavior is the least effective?

Accepted Answer

E) According to the full range of leadership model, laissez-faire is the most passive and therefore least effective of leader behaviors. Management by exception-active or passive-is slightly better than laissez-faire.

Question 19

Which of the following is true about the effectiveness of charismatic leadership?

Accepted Answer

B) Research shows impressive correlations between charismatic leadership and high performance and satisfaction among followers. However, charisma may not always be generalizable; its effectiveness may depend on the situation. Charisma appears most successful when the follower's task has an ideological component or the environment includes a high degree of stress and uncertainty. It's more difficult to utilize a person's charismatic leadership qualities in lower-level management jobs.

Question 20

All of the following are consequences of a relationship of trust between supervisors and employees, except that ________.

Accepted Answer

C) Trust between supervisors and employees is related to a number of positive employment outcomes. Trust encourages taking risks, facilitates information sharing, and enhances productivity. Trusting groups are more effective.

Quiz 12: Leadership