Question 1

Professor Wang is a member of the faculty committee on academic standards.Other committee members want to begin accepting students with below-average grades.Professor Wang personally disagrees,but he will probably vote in favor of their plan if

Accepted Answer

The answer of Professor Wang is a member of the...

Question 2

Accepting others' opinions about reality is to ________ as the desire to gain approval is to ________.

Accepted Answer

Accepting others' opinions about reality is an example of informational social influence, where we conform to others' behavior or opinions because we believe they have correct information. The desire to gain approval, on the other hand, is an example of normative social influence, where we conform to others' behavior or opinions to avoid rejection or gain social acceptance. Therefore, the correct answer is C - informational social influence is to accepting others' opinions about reality as normative social influence is to the desire to gain approval.

Question 3

Ten-year-old Sammy watched his friends jump off the high dive at the community pool.At first he refused to do so until his friends called him a "chicken." He then jumped off the high dive.Sammy's behavior is illustrates

Accepted Answer

Sammy's behavior demonstrates conformity, as he changed his actions to match those of his peers in order to fit in and avoid being labeled a "chicken." Groupthink refers to a phenomenon where a group is so focused on maintaining harmony and agreement that they ignore dissenting opinions, which is not demonstrated in this scenario. Social loafing and social facilitation are not applicable as Sammy's behavior is not related to decreased or improved performance in the presence of others.

Question 4

Kentaro hates to wear ties but wears one to his sister's wedding to avoid his family's disapproval.Kentaro's behavior exemplifies the importance of

Accepted Answer

Kentaro's behavior of wearing a tie to his sister's wedding even though he hated to wear them can be attributed to the normative social influence where he conformed to the group norms to avoid disapproval or rejection from his family.

Question 5

Luella publicly agrees with her seventh-grade classmates that parents should allow 12-year-olds to date.Later that day,she writes in her diary that she actually believes parents should prohibit kids from dating until they are at least 15 years old.Luella's public conformity to her classmates' opinion best illustrates the power of

Accepted Answer

The situation described in the question best illustrates normative social influence, which refers to the influence of other people that leads us to conform in order to be liked and accepted by them. Luella's public agreement with her classmates' opinion is an example of this type of influence, even though privately she believes something else.

Question 6

A culture that promotes individualism is most likely to encourage

Accepted Answer

A culture that promotes individualism values personal freedom and expression, which can lead to nonconformity and independence from traditional norms and values.

Question 7

Researchers find that conformity to the group is more likely when all of the following occur EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Feeling secure actually reduces the likelihood of conformity because individuals who feel secure are less influenced by peer pressure or the need to conform to group norms.

Question 8

Research participants believed that the Asch conformity test involved a study of

Accepted Answer

The Asch conformity test was primarily a study of visual perception, as participants were asked to match the length of a line to a set of comparison lines. However, it did also have implications for learning and social influence. There was no direct study of natural mimicry or aggression in the Asch conformity test.

Question 9

Adjusting our behavior or thinking toward a group standard is called

Accepted Answer

Conformity refers to adjusting our behavior or thinking toward a group standard, which can occur due to various factors such as the desire to be liked or to avoid being rejected. Groupthink refers to a phenomenon that occurs when a group makes faulty decisions because of group pressure, without considering all available information. Mood contagion refers to the spread of emotions or feelings within a group, and social loafing refers to a reduced effort that individuals may exhibit when working in a group compared to when working alone.

Question 10

Halo was an avid believer in astrology until she saw a documentary demonstrating that it is a pseudoscience and heard her psychology professor refute the claims made by astrologers.This evidence persuaded her to adopt the views of her professor and the documentary.This change of views demonstrates the impact of

Accepted Answer

Halo's adoption of her professor's views and the evidence presented in the documentary suggests that she was influenced by informational social influence, which involves changing one's beliefs or behaviors due to the desire to be accurate and correct.

Question 11

Who is most likely to conform to a group?

Accepted Answer

Research has suggested that individuals from collectivistic cultures, such as Korea, are more likely to conform to group norms and maintain social harmony. Thus, Jwa from Korea is the most likely to conform to a group.

Question 12

The social psychologist who is best known for his pioneering studies of conformity is

Accepted Answer

Solomon Asch is widely recognized as the social psychologist who conducted the famous conformity experiments in the 1950s, where he demonstrated the power of social influence and group pressure on individual behavior.

Question 13

If a cross-cultural researcher investigates conformity in both collectivist cultures and individualist cultures,she is generally likely to find

Accepted Answer

Collectivist cultures prioritize group harmony and conformity to social norms, while individualist cultures value independence and personal choice. Therefore, conformity tends to be higher in collectivist cultures than in individualist cultures.

Question 14

Solomon Asch reported that individuals conformed to a group's judgment of the lengths of lines

Accepted Answer

Asch found that individuals conformed to a group's judgment of the lengths of lines even when the group judgment was clearly incorrect.

Question 15

Normative social influence results from people's desire to

Accepted Answer

Normative social influence occurs when someone conforms to the group's norms to gain social approval, or avoid social disapproval. This can include following fashion trends, using popular slang, or conforming to the behavior and expectations of a particular social group.

Question 16

After hearing respected medical authorities lecture about the value of regular exercise,Raul,who has rarely exercised,begins to jog regularly.The change in Raul's behavior best illustrates the impact of

Accepted Answer

Raul's change in behavior is due to informational social influence, which occurs when people conform to the behavior of others because they view them as a source of information about what is correct or appropriate. In this case, Raul is listening to the advice of respected medical authorities and adopting their recommended behavior of regular exercise. Normative social influence involves conforming to the expectations of others in order to be accepted and avoid rejection, while cognitive dissonance refers to the discomfort people feel when their attitudes and behaviors are inconsistent, and social facilitation occurs when the presence of others enhances performance on simple or well-learned tasks. These concepts do not accurately explain Raul's change in behavior.

Question 17

Individuals are likely to conform to the responses of other group members if they ________ already publicly committed themselves to their own personal response and if they know that others in the group ________ observe their response.

Accepted Answer

Individuals are more likely to conform to group responses if they have not already committed to their own response publicly, as this leaves them more open to influence. Additionally, if they know others will observe their response, the pressure to conform increases due to the potential for social judgment.

Question 18

Informational social influence is defined as

Accepted Answer

Informational social influence occurs when we conform to the beliefs or behavior of a group because we believe that they have accurate information and knowledge, and we want to be correct as well. It is different from normative social influence, which occurs when we conform to the beliefs or behavior of a group to gain their approval or avoid their disapproval. Therefore, D is the best choice because it accurately describes the influence resulting from the acceptance of others' opinions about reality.

Question 19

Our desire to gain others' approval and avoid their rejection most clearly contributes to the powerful influence of

Accepted Answer

Social norms refer to the unwritten rules or codes of conduct for behavior that are generally followed within a group or society. Our desire to gain others' approval and avoid their rejection often leads us to conform to these social norms in order to be accepted and approved by others. This phenomenon is known as social conformity, and it plays a powerful role in shaping our behavior and attitudes within social groups.

Question 20

Alex thinks smoking is addictive but other players on his hockey team insist that it's not.Alex is likely to conform to their opinion if

Accepted Answer

Alex's feelings of insecurity as a new member of the team make him more likely to conform to the opinion of his teammates in order to gain acceptance and approval. The other factors (publicly voicing his opinion, obvious disagreement, and desire for friendship) may not necessarily influence his conformity in this situation.

Quiz 12: Social Psychology