Question 1

The "we" aspect of our self-concept is what social psychologists call

Accepted Answer

The "we" aspect of our self-concept is referred to as our social identity by social psychologists. It is the part of our self-concept that is based on our group memberships, such as gender, ethnicity, religion, and nationality. It influences how we see ourselves and how we interact with others who belong to the same or different groups.

Question 2

Research on the relationship between religion and prejudice has found

Accepted Answer

Research on the relationship between religion and prejudice is not straightforward and has shown to be dependent on how religion is defined. Some religious values and teachings promote openness and tolerance, while others may lead to discrimination and prejudice. It ultimately comes down to how an individual interprets and practices their religion. Therefore, the relationship between religion and prejudice cannot be simplified to a one-sided causal factor.

Question 3

Studies of Whites by Pettigrew in South Africa in the 1950s,when apartheid ruled,revealed that those who _______ were also most prejudiced.

Accepted Answer

B

Question 4

"Them" - a group that people perceive as being distinctively different or apart from their own group is what social psychologists call a(n)

Accepted Answer

The term "outgroup" specifically refers to a group that is perceived as different or apart from one's own group, while the other options either do not fit this definition or are less specific.

Question 5

We are more prone to ingroup biases when our group is _______ and _______ relative to the outgroup.

Accepted Answer

Ingroup biases tend to be stronger when our group is small and low in status relative to the outgroup. This is because members of smaller, lower-status groups often feel more threatened and have a stronger need to boost their group's image and cohesion as a defense mechanism against the dominant outgroup.

Question 6

A group of people who share a sense of belonging or a feeling of common identity is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

The answer of A group of people who share a...

Question 7

found that more than 80% of both Whites and Blacks say race relations are generally good in their neighborhoods,but fewer than 60% see relations as generally good in the country as a whole.This is referred to as

Accepted Answer

This situation reflects an ingroup bias, where individuals perceive their immediate social group (neighborhood) more positively compared to the larger, more diverse national context.

Question 8

More lynching of Blacks took place in the old South during years when cotton prices were low,suggesting that prejudice is partly explained by

Accepted Answer

The answer of More lynching of Blacks took place in...

Question 9

John has just failed a chemistry test.He goes back to his apartment and criticizes his roommate's choice of music.What term best describes John's behavior?

Accepted Answer

John is displacing his frustration and anger from failing the chemistry test onto his roommate's choice of music.

Question 10

Myers indicates that,until recently,prejudice was greatest in regions where slavery was practiced.This fact is consistent with the principle that _______ breeds prejudice.

Accepted Answer

Prejudice is often rooted in unequal status, where one group holds more power and privilege than another. Slavery is the ultimate expression of unequal status, where one group is legally defined as property and the other as owner. Therefore, it is consistent with the principle that unequal status breeds prejudice, as seen in regions where slavery was practiced.

Question 11

Children of _______ have less stereotyped views of men and women.

Accepted Answer

Research has found that children of employed women tend to have less stereotyped views of gender roles and are more likely to believe that both men and women can be successful in the workplace. The other options do not have significant evidence supporting them in regards to reducing gender stereotypes in children.

Question 12

found that since 1975,there is _______ between opposition to immigration and the unemployment rate.

Accepted Answer

The statement "opposition to immigration and the unemployment rate" implies that there is a correlation between these two variables. Since the question asks for a relationship between the two, and not causation, we can observe that when unemployment rates are high, there tends to be higher opposition to immigration. This suggests a positive relationship between the two variables, meaning they have a tendency to move in the same direction.

Question 13

Between classes,you notice how smokers congregate outside the doors of the building.When interacting with one another,they seem to behave as if they identify as quite different from the non-smokers who happen to be outside the door.What term would best describe the group of smokers?

Accepted Answer

An ingroup is a group with which an individual identifies and feels a sense of belonging. In this case, the smokers identify with each other based on their shared behavior of smoking and may feel a sense of camaraderie or connection with each other, making them an ingroup. Option B, an outgroup, describes a group with which an individual does not identify and may view as different or even inferior to their own group. Options C and D are not applicable as they imply a level of organization or cultural identity beyond simply smoking outside a building.

Question 14

A tendency to favor one's group is called

Accepted Answer

An ingroup bias is a tendency to favor one's own group over others. Ethnocentrism refers specifically to favoring one's own ethnic or cultural group, while an outgroup bias is the opposite tendency to favor those outside of one's group. Social dominance refers to the belief in and support for social hierarchies and inequalities. Therefore, the best answer to this question is an ingroup bias.

Question 15

When the cause of our frustration is intimidating or unknown,we often redirect our hostility.This phenomenon is known as

Accepted Answer

Displaced aggression refers to the behavior of redirecting aggression onto a target that is not the original source of the frustration. When we are unable to confront the actual cause of our frustration, we may react aggressively towards other people or objects. This behavior can occur when the original cause is intimidating or unknown.

Question 16

According to Myers,many disadvantaged youths find pride and identity in gang affiliations,which is their way of

Accepted Answer

According to Myers, gang affiliation is a way for disadvantaged youths to find pride and identity, which suggests that they are seeking self-esteem through their membership in the gang.

Question 17

Elena's boss told her that she is being let go due to company downsizing.Later that day when gets home,she is critical of her girlfriend's choice of restaurant for dinner.What term best describes Elena's behavior?

Accepted Answer

Displaced aggression is when a person redirects their frustration or anger from one situation onto a less threatening situation or person. In this case, Elena may be feeling frustrated and powerless about losing her job due to downsizing, but instead of directing that aggression towards her boss or the company, she is displacing it onto her girlfriend and being critical of her restaurant choice.

Question 18

The realistic group conflict theory suggests that prejudice arises

Accepted Answer

The realistic group conflict theory suggests that prejudice arises when groups compete for scarce resources. This competition can lead to feelings of resentment and hostility towards the other group, which can manifest in prejudice and discrimination. Therefore, option D is the correct choice.

Question 19

A belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic and cultural group is called

Accepted Answer

The term that describes the belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic and cultural group is ethnocentrism. Prejudice is a preconceived negative attitude towards a particular group of people. Discrimination is behavior that treats people unfairly based on their group membership. Arrogance is a sense of superiority or self-importance that is not necessarily based on ethnicity or culture.

Question 20

Kayla's grandparents immigrated from Europe.Kayla holds such a strong belief that her ethnic group is superior to all others that she could accurately be described as being

Accepted Answer

Kayla's strong belief that her own ethnic group is superior to all others is an example of ethnocentrism, which is a belief system that elevates one's own culture or ethnic group over others. Prejudice refers to an individual's negative attitudes or beliefs about a particular group, while discrimination is the behavior that results from such attitudes. Arrogance is a general term for an overly high opinion of oneself and is not necessarily tied to prejudice or discrimination.

Quiz 23: The Roots of Prejudice