Question 1

Darryl believes that immigrants are responsible for taking away jobs from native-born Canadians.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

Darryl's belief that immigrants are taking away jobs from native-born Canadians is a form of scapegoating, which involves blaming a specific group for societal problems. This belief is not supported by evidence and contributes to negative attitudes and discrimination towards immigrants.

Question 2

Which of the following is not true about stereotypes?

Accepted Answer

Stereotypes are not easily altered as they are deeply ingrained in societal beliefs and can be reinforced by media and personal experiences.

Question 3

Chantal's job as a waitress is insecure and temporary,with her boss telling her she can be "replaced anytime." She receives an hourly salary and no fringe benefits.Chantal's job is part of

Accepted Answer

Chantal's job is characterized by low job security, low wages, and no benefits, which are typical features of the secondary labor market. In this market, jobs are typically temporary, low-paying, and offer no job security or benefits. The primary labor market includes higher-paying jobs with benefits, job security, and opportunities for advancement. The exploited labor market refers to jobs that violate labor laws, such as forced labor or child labor. The dual labor market theory argues that there are two distinct labor markets, with the primary market offering good jobs and the secondary market offering low-quality jobs. Therefore, (A), (C), and (D) are not appropriate choices based on the information provided.

Question 4

Critical race theory

Accepted Answer

Critical race theory began as an initiative to examine legal rulings that appeared to be negligent in upholding the legal principle of equality under the law. It is a framework for examining and addressing institutionalized racism in society, particularly in the legal system.

Question 5

Which of the following statements about minority groups is true?

Accepted Answer

The size of a group does not determine whether it is a minority or not; rather, it is the group's lack of power in relation to the dominant group that defines it as a minority. For example, white people may be a numerical minority in some areas, but due to their societal power and privilege, they are not considered a minority group.

Question 6

Which of the following is not a reason that sociologists prefer not to use the term race?

Accepted Answer

Sociologists prefer not to use the term race because it is not a meaningful way of describing genetic differences between groups of people, it has an ethnocentric bias, and it is a socially constructed term. However, the idea that the term race is an example of internalized racism is not a reason typically cited by sociologists.

Question 7

Stigmatization

Accepted Answer

The answer of Stigmatization
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Question 8

As a general rule,the more ____________ the defining characteristic of a minority group is,the ______ severe the stigma attached to the group.

Accepted Answer

The more obvious the defining characteristic of a minority group, the more severe the stigma attached to the group, as visibility often leads to increased discrimination and stereotyping.

Question 9

"Chinese students are good at mathematics." This statement is an example of

Accepted Answer

The answer of "Chinese students are good at mathematics." This...

Question 10

Which best describes why individuals continue to carry racist attitudes,despite scientific evidence to the contrary?

Accepted Answer

Selective perception is the tendency to selectively interpret information in a way that reinforces preconceptions and attitudes. This can lead individuals to ignore or dismiss scientific evidence that contradicts their racist attitudes.

Question 11

The assignment of people to racial categories is primarily

Accepted Answer

The assignment of people to racial categories is primarily a social construction, as race is a concept that has been constructed and defined by society rather than having a biological or genetic basis. Race is a cultural construct that is based on social and historical factors, such as skin color, ancestry, culture, and historical context. Therefore, racial categories are not objective or fixed, and can vary between different cultures and societies.

Question 12

A modelling agency refuses to represent any models that are above a certain weight and below a certain height.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

The modelling agency's policy of only representing models below a certain height and weight indirectly discriminates against individuals who do not meet those criteria, potentially excluding them from job opportunities in the industry. This is an example of indirect institutional discrimination.

Question 13

According to Statistics Canada,an average of ______ percent of visible minority members has been the victims of discrimination.

Accepted Answer

According to Statistics Canada, 20 percent of visible minority members in Canada have reported experiencing discrimination in their daily lives.

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of an ecological fallacy?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is an example...

Question 15

Amarnath is a PhD student in sociology studying how the lives of South Americans were affected by the arrival of Europeans in the sixteenth century.Which of the following theoretical positions would Amarnath most likely adopt?

Accepted Answer

As Amarnath is studying the impact of European arrival on South Americans, his research would fall under the category of post-colonial theory, which examines the legacies of colonialism on different societies and cultures. Marxist exploitation theory would focus more on economic factors, while Marxist colonial theory would primarily focus on the political and military aspects of colonialism. Multi-racial theory is not directly relevant to Amarnath's research topic.

Question 16

An exception fallacy occurs when people draw conclusions about _________ based on ___________.

Accepted Answer

An exception fallacy occurs when conclusions about an entire group are drawn based on interactions with or observations of individual members of that group, rather than considering data from the group as a whole.

Question 17

Before travelling to France,Krista assumes that the people she meets there on her trip will be rude and stuck up.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

This is an example of prejudice, which is a preconceived negative opinion or attitude towards a group or individual based on their perceived characteristics or identity. Krista has made assumptions about the French people she will encounter without any evidence to support those assumptions. Discrimination involves treating individuals unfairly or differently because of their perceived characteristics or identity, while institutional prejudice refers to discrimination that is systematized through laws, policies or practices within an organization or society. Overt prejudice involves openly expressing negative attitudes or beliefs towards a particular group or individual.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about race is not true?

Accepted Answer

The concept of "race" is not useful as a scientific way of distinguishing people from different genetic backgrounds. Genetic studies show that there is more genetic variation within racial groups than between them, making it impossible to use race as a means of determining genetic makeup.

Question 19

Internalized racism occurs

Accepted Answer

Internalized racism refers to when members of a minority group start to believe in what the dominant group says about them and assume those attributes as part of their identity. It is not related to the actions of members of the dominant group or minority group towards each other, but about the internal beliefs and self-perception of the individual.

Question 20

Members of the Frankfurt School,particularly Theodor Adorno,were responsible for developing which theory to explain prejudice and discrimination?

Accepted Answer

The Frankfurt School, particularly Theodor Adorno, developed the authoritarian personality theory to explain prejudice and discrimination. This theory suggests that individuals who display authoritarian traits, such as obedience to authority, a rigid adherence to conventional values, and a belief in the superiority of their in-group, are more likely to be prejudiced against out-group members. They may view those who are different as a threat to their way of life and seek to maintain the status quo through discrimination.

Quiz 10: C: Race and Racialization