Question 1

researchers measured adult attachment styles, they found that almost have rated themselves as ________.

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that the majority of adults rate themselves as having a secure attachment style. This means that they are comfortable with intimacy and are able to form close relationships without fear of abandonment or excessive neediness. The remaining participants tend to rate themselves as having one of the insecure attachment styles (dismissing, fearful, or preoccupied).

Question 2

Research on same-sex partnerships shows that__________.

Accepted Answer

Research has found that in the US, more people now support same-sex marriages than those who oppose them. The other options are not supported by current research.

Question 3

friends Jeff and Lucia are considering living together as a kind of trial run, to see if they want to get married. They know you are studying psychology, and ask you whether psychologists know anything about couples who live together. Which of the following would best describe the current information?

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that people who cohabit before marriage have an increased likelihood of separation/divorce than those who do not. However, this does not necessarily mean that cohabitation is always a negative thing for a relationship. It may depend on factors such as the quality of the relationship, age of the couple, and their reasons for cohabiting.

Question 4

Anthropologist Helen L. Fisher (2000, 2004) suggests that mate selection depends on three distinct emotional systems: __________, ___________, and _______________.

Accepted Answer

According to Helen L. Fisher, mate selection depends on three distinct emotional systems: lust, attraction, and attachment. These systems are believed to be associated with different hormones in the brain and can operate independently of each other. Lust is primarily driven by the hormone testosterone and related to sexual desire, while attraction is associated with dopamine and characterized by feelings of euphoria and excitement when around the desired partner. Attachment is linked to the hormone oxytocin and represents a more long-term connection and deep emotional bond between partners.

Question 5

study showed that compared to their heterosexual siblings, gay and lesbian adults reported:

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that gay and lesbian adults often face higher rates of violence compared to their heterosexual siblings, due to factors such as discrimination and societal stigma.

Question 6

According to __________ theory, today's members of our species have biological systems that foster the formation and maintenance of social relationships, and this is manifested in a universal "need to belong."

Accepted Answer

The theory that suggests that human beings have biological systems that promote the formation and maintenance of social relationships is known as evolutionary theory. This theory proposes that a universal "need to belong" exists among human beings, which is an innate drive to form connections and social relationships with others. This theory is based on the idea that social connectedness and cooperation played a vital role in the survival and reproductive success of early human beings.

Question 7

Which of the following is most likely to be a feature of the relationship or interaction pattern of partners in an unhappy or dissatisfying marriage?

Accepted Answer

A high ratio of displeasing to pleasing interactions is likely to be a feature of an unhappy or dissatisfying marriage. This means that the interactions between the partners tend to be negative or critical rather than positive or supportive. High levels of arguments, low levels of self-disclosure, and low levels of "cross-complaining" could also be indicators of an unhappy marriage, but they are not as specific to the relationship or interaction pattern of partners.

Question 8

Researchers have used a number of theories to explain the topic of what attracts one person to another or two people to each other. Which of the following theories below best exemplifies the trade-off we often make with intimate partners such as a sense of humor offsetting a physical unattractive trait, for example, being overweight.

Accepted Answer

Exchange theory suggests that we make conscious or unconscious assessments of the costs and benefits of being in a relationship with someone. This may include trading off physical attractiveness for personality traits, such as a sense of humor.

Question 9

Which of the following is TRUE regarding Markman and colleagues' research on relationship quality?

Accepted Answer

Markman and colleagues found that some risk factors for divorce, such as poor communication and conflict resolution skills, can be changed through interventions and therapy.

Question 10

_________ often have a more open partnership or nonexclusive agreement.

Accepted Answer

Men in same-sex relationships often have a more open partnership or nonexclusive agreement compared to their heterosexual and lesbian counterparts. This trend has been observed and documented in various studies on relationship dynamics within the LGBTQ+ community.

Question 11

you ask a group of young men which quality is most important to them in choosing a prospective wife, which of the following qualities is likely to be ranked first?

Accepted Answer

In various studies, men have consistently ranked physical attractiveness as the most important quality they look for in a potential partner. While education, family background, and earning power may also be important to some men, physical attraction often takes priority.

Question 12

key feature of unsuccessful marriages (those most likely to end in divorce), according to Gottman's research, is _______.

Accepted Answer

According to Gottman's research, the key feature of unsuccessful marriages (those most likely to end in divorce) is a high ratio of displeasing to pleasing interactions. This means that there are more negative interactions (such as criticism, defensiveness, contempt, and stonewalling) than positive interactions (such as expressions of affection, interest, humor, and support).

Question 13

Longitudinal research shows that an infant's attachment classification _______.

Accepted Answer

Longitudinal research has consistently found that an infant's attachment classification corresponds to their parents' attachment classification. This suggests that the quality of early attachment experiences influences the development of attachment strategies that persist into adulthood.

Question 14

his relationship with his wife, Clarence is often jealous, anxious about whether she returns his feelings, and generally unsure of himself. Such a pattern is characteristic of individuals with what kind of internal model of attachment?

Accepted Answer

Clarence's behavior is characteristic of individuals with a preoccupied/internalizing model of attachment, which is characterized by anxiety, self-doubt, and concerns about the security of the relationship.

Question 15

Which of the following is TRUE regarding adult romantic attachment styles?

Accepted Answer

Securely attached individuals tend to have better conflict resolution skills, which can positively influence their partners' ability to rebound from conflicts.

Question 16

Gottman's research, he asks couples to "tell the story of us." Based on _______, he found that the couple will almost certainly be together four years later.

Accepted Answer

According to Gottman's research, the key factor in determining whether a couple will stay together is the ratio of positive to negative interactions. By asking the couple to "tell the story of us," Gottman is able to get a sense of this ratio and predict whether the couple will still be together four years later.

Question 17

Research on cohabitation has shown that:

Accepted Answer

Cultural acceptance plays a significant role in the success of cohabiting couples, as societal norms and values can influence relationship stability.

Question 18

Assuming that Shealeen is similar to other adult children, one would expect that she:

Accepted Answer

According to research, adult children generally maintain an emotional closeness with their parents, despite differing opinions or distance. It is not stated whether Shealeen receives financial support from her parents, so option D cannot be determined. Option A is not necessarily true for all adult children. Option B is not stated in the given information.

Question 19

Researchers showed participants a photo of their loved one and asked them to think about a pleasurable event that had occurred when they were together. As a control, they were shown a photo of a neutral person and asked to think about pleasurable events with that person. When viewing the loved one and thinking about pleasant interactions with them, regions of the brain that are rich in _______ were activated.

Accepted Answer

Dopamine receptors are associated with reward and pleasure pathways in the brain. When thinking about pleasurable interactions with loved ones, these pathways are activated, leading to the release of dopamine and feelings of happiness and enjoyment. AcH, gabba, and GAMA receptors are not specifically linked to reward and pleasure pathways.

Question 20

Mendez was giving an invited address on the topic of dating among college students. She stated that people begin with a large pool of potential mates and gradually eliminate those who do not fit our specifications. She was clearly describing ________ of mate selection.

Accepted Answer

The filter theory suggests that individuals select mates based on a series of filters, including social, demographic, and personality characteristics. The initial pool of potential mates is large, and individuals gradually eliminate those who do not meet their criteria until they are left with a smaller pool of potential partners from which to select. This theory aligns with Mendez's description of how people select partners while dating in college.

Quiz 6: Social Relationships