Question 1

Which group of muscles covers the ventral surface of the chest?
A) trapezius group
B) deltoid group
C) rhomboideus group
D) pectoralis group

Accepted Answer

The pectoralis group covers the ventral surface of the chest. The trapezius group covers the dorsal surface of the upper back, the deltoid group covers the shoulders, and the rhomboideus group connects the scapula to the spine.

Question 2

Which muscle is located at the axillary border of the scapula where it originates?
A) splenius
B) supraspinatus
C) infraspinatus
D) rhomboideus thoracis
E) teres major

Accepted Answer

The teres major muscle originates at the lateral border of the scapula, which is also referred to as the axillary border, making it the correct answer.

Question 3

In pigs, the trapezius group of muscles is composed of three distinct muscles. How many muscle(s) make up the trapezius in humans?
A) three
B) two
C) one
D) four

Accepted Answer

In humans, the trapezius is a single, large, superficial muscle that extends longitudinally from the occipital bone to the lower thoracic vertebrae and laterally to the spine of the scapula.

Question 4

To begin dissecting the pig, place it ________ side down on the dissecting tray.
A) ventral
B) caudal
C) cephalic
D) dorsal

Accepted Answer

The dorsal side is the back of the pig, and placing it dorsal side down allows access to the ventral side for dissection.

Question 5

Which group of muscles covers the dorsal surface of the neck and scapula?
A) pectoralis group
B) deltoid group
C) rhomboideus group
D) trapezius group

Accepted Answer

The trapezius muscles cover the dorsal surface of the neck and scapula. The pectoralis group is located on the anterior chest, the deltoid group is located on the shoulder, and the rhomboideus group is located between the scapula and spine.

Question 6

Which statement regarding the storage of your pig is the most correct?
A) The pig should be dried and then stored in a sealed bag.
B) The pig should be stored in a sealed bag covered in distilled water.
C) The pig should be stored in a sealed bag with exposed muscles covered with paper towels that have been dampened with fixative.
D) The pig should be stored on the dissecting pan without any coverings.

Accepted Answer

Option C is the most correct because it suggests storing the pig in a sealed bag to prevent contamination, with the exposed muscles covered with dampened paper towels to prevent drying out and help preserve them with fixative. This method helps to maintain the integrity of the preserved pig for longer periods of time.

Question 7

Which group of muscles connects the spinous processes of cervical and thoracic vertebrae with the vertebral border of the scapula?
A) trapezius group
B) rhomboideus group
C) intercostal group
D) pectoralis group

Accepted Answer

The rhomboideus minor and major muscles originate from the spinous processes of cervical and thoracic vertebrae and insert onto the vertebral border of the scapula, connecting the two structures. The trapezius group also inserts onto the scapula, but originates from the occipital bone and spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae. The intercostal and pectoralis groups do not connect the vertebrae with the scapula.

Question 8

Identify the longissimus dorsi in the following figure. 
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify the longissimus dorsi in the following...

Question 9

How should the skin be separated from the underlying fascia?
A) use your fingers or a blunt probe to separate the skin from the underlying muscle and connective tissues
B) use the scalpel to separate the skin from the underlying muscle and connective tissues
C) use the pointed end of a pair of scissors to separate the skin from the underlying muscle and connective tissues

Accepted Answer

Using your fingers or a blunt probe allows for a more tactile and precise separation of the skin from the underlying fascia without damaging either tissue. Using a scalpel or scissors can increase the risk of accidental cutting or damage to underlying structures.

Question 10

Identify the spinotrapezius in the following figure. 
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Accepted Answer

The spinotrapezius is a muscle that runs along the dorsal (back) side of an animal's thorax, from the base of the skull to the tail. It is also known as the rhomboid muscle. In the given figure, muscle B is the spinotrapezius, as it fits this description and is the only muscle that runs along the dorsal side of the thorax.

Question 11

Which term refers to the ventral surface of a four-legged animal? 
A) inferior
B) superior
C) caudal
D) cephalic

Accepted Answer

The ventral surface of a four-legged animal refers to the underside or belly, which is inferior to the dorsal surface (back).

Question 12

Which muscle of the neck functions to elevate the mandible?
A) masseter
B) mylohyoid
C) digastric
D) sternohyoid
E) sternomastoid

Accepted Answer

The masseter muscle is one of the muscles activated during the elevation of the mandible, playing a crucial role in the chewing process.

Question 13

Where should the first incision be made when dissecting a pig?
A) on the lateral side of the ventral surface near the umbilical cord
B) on the midline of the ventral surface at the base of the neck
C) on the lateral side of the dorsal surface near the neck
D) on the midline of the dorsal surface just anterior to the tail

Accepted Answer

The first incision in dissecting a pig should be made on the midline of the ventral surface at the base of the neck, as this allows for easy access to the thoracic and abdominal cavities.

Question 14

Which of the following muscles is NOT located in the neck?
A) sternohyoid
B) sternomastoid
C) teres major
D) digastric
E) mylohyoid

Accepted Answer

The teres major muscle is located on the posterior aspect of the shoulder and is not a muscle of the neck. The sternohyoid, sternomastoid, digastric, and mylohyoid muscles are all located in the neck region.

Question 15

Identify the brachiocephalic in the following figure. 
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify the brachiocephalic in the following figure....

Question 16

Identify the masseter in the following figure. 
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify the masseter in the following figure....

Question 17

Which term refers to the tail end of a four-legged animal? 
A) caudal
B) superior
C) inferior
D) cephalic

Accepted Answer

The term "caudal" refers to the tail end of an animal, while "superior" and "inferior" refer to higher and lower positions, respectively. "Cephalic" refers to the head end of an animal.

Question 18

Which muscle of the neck functions to turn and depress the head?
A) sternohyoid
B) mylohyoid
C) digastric
D) sternomastoid

Accepted Answer

The sternomastoid muscle is responsible for turning and depressing the head. The sternohyoid, mylohyoid, and digastric muscles are located in the neck but do not have this particular function.

Question 19

Which of the following is a large, flat muscle that lies posterior to the trapezius group?
A) latissimus dorsi
B) sternohyoid
C) deltoid
D) supraspinatus

Accepted Answer

The latissimus dorsi is a large, flat muscle that lies posterior to the trapezius group. The sternohyoid is a strap-like muscle located in the neck, the deltoid is a triangular muscle that covers the shoulder joint, and the supraspinatus is a rotator cuff muscle located above the scapula.

Question 20

Which muscle is a broad, flat, thin muscle that covers most of the lateral surface of the cervical and thoracic vertebrae?
A) splenius
B) supraspinatus
C) infraspinatus
D) rhomboideus thoracis
E) teres major

Accepted Answer

The splenius muscle is a broad, flat, thin muscle that covers most of the lateral surface of the cervical and thoracic vertebrae. The supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles are located on the posterior aspect of the scapula and are part of the rotator cuff muscles. The rhomboideus thoracis muscle is located in the back, between the scapula and the spine. The teres major muscle is located on the posterior part of the upper arm, near the shoulder joint.

Quiz 1: Pig Dissection Exercises

Which group of muscles covers the ventral surface of the chest?

Which muscle is located at the axillary border of the scapula where it originates?

In pigs, the trapezius group of muscles is composed of three distinct muscles. How many muscle(s) make up the trapezius in humans?

To begin dissecting the pig, place it ________ side down on the dissecting tray.

Which group of muscles covers the dorsal surface of the neck and scapula?

Which statement regarding the storage of your pig is the most correct?

Which group of muscles connects the spinous processes of cervical and thoracic vertebrae with the vertebral border of the scapula?

Identify the longissimus dorsi in the following figure.

How should the skin be separated from the underlying fascia?

Identify the spinotrapezius in the following figure.

Which term refers to the ventral surface of a four-legged animal?

Which muscle of the neck functions to elevate the mandible?

Where should the first incision be made when dissecting a pig?

Which of the following muscles is NOT located in the neck?

Identify the brachiocephalic in the following figure.

Identify the masseter in the following figure.

Which term refers to the tail end of a four-legged animal?

Which muscle of the neck functions to turn and depress the head?

Which of the following is a large, flat muscle that lies posterior to the trapezius group?

Which muscle is a broad, flat, thin muscle that covers most of the lateral surface of the cervical and thoracic vertebrae?