Question 1

The ________ attachment style is more likely to be characterized by trust, commitment, and longevity.

Accepted Answer

The secure attachment style is generally characterized by trust in others, a strong sense of commitment in relationships, and more successful long-term relationships.

Question 2

According to Buss and Barnes (1986) and Eastwick and Finkel (2008), which of the following is one of the most important characteristics men look for in their partner?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Buss and Barnes (1986) and...

Question 3

According to research, which of the following is the least important characteristic that women look for in men?

Accepted Answer

Studies have consistently found that women rank a man's physical attractiveness as less important than traits such as kindness, earning prospects, and considerateness.

Question 4

In the context of adult attachment styles, attachment-anxious individuals are characterized by

Accepted Answer

Attachment-anxious individuals tend to have higher negative affect and perceive social rejection more easily than securely attached individuals. They also tend to have lower self-esteem and are more likely to depend on their partner to fulfill their emotional needs, which can contribute to a cycle of seeking reassurance and feeling anxious when it is not received. Choice A is incorrect because attachment-anxious individuals often experience more relationship dissatisfaction than their securely attached counterparts. Choice B is also incorrect as attachment-anxious individuals typically have a heightened desire for closeness and connection with their partner. Choice D is incorrect because attachment-anxious individuals often struggle with feelings of inadequacy and self-doubt.

Question 5

In the context of online dating, a national study of more than 19,000 individuals by Cacioppo and others (2013) found that

Accepted Answer

The national study found that marriages that began online were characterized by slightly higher marital satisfaction than those that started in traditional offline contexts.

Question 6

A national survey indicated that ________ in adults was associated with the development of disease and chronic illness, especially cardiovascular system problems such as high blood pressure, heart attack, and stroke.

Accepted Answer

The question is referring to a factor associated with the development of cardiovascular problems in adults. The only option related to this topic is insecure attachment. Insecure attachment has been linked to poor physical health outcomes in adulthood, including cardiovascular problems. The other options, secure attachment, easy temperament, and assertive personality, are not directly related to physical health outcomes.

Question 7

Compared to relationships established in person, what is a significant finding about romantic relationships initiated on the Internet?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that romantic relationships initiated on the Internet can be just as stable, if not more so, than those started in person, with many lasting more than two years.

Question 8

Recent studies confirmed that ________ individuals showed strong ambivalence toward a romantic partner.

Accepted Answer

According to attachment theory, individuals with an attachment-anxious style have a fear of abandonment and rejection which can lead to a push-pull dynamic or ambivalence in their romantic relationships. Therefore, recent studies would likely show that attachment-anxious individuals exhibit strong ambivalence toward their romantic partner.

Question 9

According to recent studies, which of the following adults had higher levels of sexual satisfaction?

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that attachment-secure adults have higher levels of sexual satisfaction compared to attachment-avoidant, anxious, and disorganized adults. This may be due to their ability to form more positive and trusting relationships, which can lead to greater emotional and sexual intimacy.

Question 10

Maria recently got married. In the context of adult attachment styles, she is more likely to engage in infidelity if she or her partner has a

Accepted Answer

Research has found that individuals with a highly anxious attachment style are more likely to engage in infidelity, particularly if they feel insecure or neglected in their current relationship. Therefore, if Maria or her partner has a highly anxious attachment style, she may be more prone to cheating. Avoidant attachment style individuals, on the other hand, are more likely to distance themselves from their partners rather than engage in infidelity. Secure attachment style individuals are generally more satisfied and committed in their relationships, and disorganized attachment style individuals may struggle with maintaining stable relationships due to unresolved trauma or attachment issues.

Question 11

Latrell is very intelligent but only of average physical attractiveness. The matching hypothesis states that he will choose a partner who

Accepted Answer

The matching hypothesis states that people tend to select partners who are similar to them in terms of physical attractiveness. As Latrell is of average physical attractiveness, it is likely that he will choose a partner who is also of average physical attractiveness. This is supported by research that has found that people tend to pair up with others who are similar in terms of attractiveness.

Question 12

Apart from consensual validation, what is the other reason that similarity matters in relationships?

Accepted Answer

People tend to shy away from the unknown, which makes similarity an important factor in relationships. This is because familiarity is comforting and reduces the perceived risk in forming and maintaining relationships.

Question 13

According to Mario Mikulincer and Phillip Shaver, when adults who are ________ face stress and adversity, they activate cognitive representations of security, are mindful of what is happening around them, and mobilize effective coping strategies.

Accepted Answer

According to Mikulincer and Shaver, adults who are securely attached are able to effectively cope with stress and adversity by activating cognitive representations of security, being mindful of their surroundings, and mobilizing effective coping strategies. Therefore, choice D is the best answer.

Question 14

According to leading experts Mario Mikulincer and Phillip Shaver, individuals who ________ have a well-integrated sense of self-acceptance, self-esteem, and self-efficacy.

Accepted Answer

According to Mikulincer and Shaver, individuals who are securely attached have a well-integrated sense of self-acceptance, self-esteem, and self-efficacy.

Question 15

Which of the following is a potential benefit of romantic relationships over the Internet?

Accepted Answer

Romantic relationships over the Internet can benefit shy and anxious people who find it difficult to meet potential partners in person by providing a less intimidating and more comfortable way to initiate and maintain a relationship. Options A and B are not necessarily true; people can misrepresent themselves online, and lack of interpersonal connection can negatively affect the relationship in the long term. Option D is too specific and does not apply to all individuals who engage in online relationships.

Question 16

According to recent studies, which of the following individuals showed lower levels of depressive symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that attachment-secure individuals tend to have lower levels of depressive symptoms compared to attachment-anxious or attachment-avoidant individuals.

Question 17

According to Mario Mikulincer and Phillip Shaver, ________ individuals have the ability to control their emotions, are optimistic, and are resilient.

Accepted Answer

According to Mikulincer and Shaver, individuals who are securely attached have developed the ability to control their emotions, are optimistic, and are resilient. This is because they have had positive experiences with caregivers who have consistently responded to their needs and provided a sense of security and predictability in their relationships. In contrast, avoidant and insecurely attached individuals may struggle with emotional regulation and have more negative expectations about relationships and their ability to cope with stress. Anxious-ambivalent individuals may also struggle with emotional regulation and have a tendency to overthink and worry about potential disruptions in their relationships.

Question 18

Which of the following best exemplifies the psychological concept of consensual validation?

Accepted Answer

Consensual validation refers to the psychological phenomenon where individuals find comfort and validation in others who share similar values, beliefs, or attitudes. This is because having one's viewpoints and values mirrored by others helps in reinforcing one's sense of self and beliefs, making option C the best example of this concept.

Question 19

The matching hypothesis says that we choose partners

Accepted Answer

The matching hypothesis suggests that people are more likely to choose partners who are close to their own level of physical attractiveness.

Question 20

"Amelia's all excited about this new guy she met," says Julie. "I guess it makes sense because he's really a geek." Based on the concept of consensual validation, we can expect that Julie

Accepted Answer

Consensual validation is the idea that people feel validated or supported when someone else shares or approves of their attitudes, beliefs, or behaviors. In this context, Julie's comment implies that she thinks Amelia is also a geek, as she understands and supports Amelia's excitement about meeting a new guy who is a geek. This reflects the concept of consensual validation because Julie's understanding or acceptance of Amelia's interest suggests she sees it as consistent with Amelia's personality or preferences.

Quiz 14: Socioemotional Development in Early Adulthood