Question 1

For years the conventional assumption in neuroscience had been that neurons in the central nervous system could neither reproduce nor regenerate.Then as one researcher put it,there was a result that "challenged everything I had read;everything I had learned when I was a student." Explain the startling results of studies that have overthrown the conventional wisdom regarding neuronal regeneration.

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Question 2

The autonomic nervous system is divided into two parts that work together but in opposing ways.Describe the functions of each part in detail,and create an example that illustrates the activation of one part and then the other.

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Question 3

How can scientists study the living brain since it is protected by the skull? The textbook notes several methods for this type of study.Describe the different approaches that have been used to explore the workings of the brain.

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Question 4

Distinguish between the functions of the thalamus and of the hypothalamus.

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Question 5

Describe some of the main functions associated with each of the four lobes of the cerebrum.

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Question 6

Generally speaking,why was the split-brain procedure used in humans?

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Question 7

In 1848,an explosion near railroad-worker Phineas Gage sent a 3½-foot iron rod through his skull.The iron rod entered his head under the left eye and emerged from the top of Phineas' head.According to many accounts,how did the accident affect Gage? What conclusion do many modern neuroscientists draw from case study?

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Question 8

Name the three main structures within the brain stem and briefly describe what they do.

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Question 9

Many axons,especially the larger ones,are insulated with a myelin sheath.Write an essay on the importance of the myelin sheath,making sure to incorporate the following information:
-What kind of cells makes up the myelin sheath?
-What does the myelin sheath look like?
-What are two purposes of the myelin sheath?
-What happens when a person experiences the loss of myelin?

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Question 10

Your best friends from high school invite you over for pizza and a friendly game of cards.Name six parts of the brain and explain the role each plays during your evening of food,fellowship,and playing cards.

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Question 11

Describe the electrical and chemical communication within and between neurons.

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Quiz 4: Neurons, Hormones, and the Brain