Question 1

When a patient comes in complaining of a headache,the therapist views the headache as the tip of a mental iceberg,with the real problem hidden in the deep unconscious.Which type of therapy would this represent?

Accepted Answer

This viewpoint of headaches being a manifestation of deeper unconscious problems aligns with the central tenets of psychodynamic therapy, which focuses on exploring and resolving unconscious conflicts and childhood experiences that are believed to underlie current psychological problems. Behavioral therapy focuses on modifying observable behaviors and cognitive therapy focuses on identifying and changing thought patterns, while existential therapy explores issues related to meaning and purpose in life.

Question 2

Researchers are now looking for new ways to stimulate the brains of severely depressed individuals.One method,called __________,involves the use of a pulsing coil held to a person's skull at the left prefrontal cortex.

Accepted Answer

The method described involves the use of a pulsing coil held to a person's skull at a specific region of the brain, which is characteristic of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Psychosurgery, neuroleptic shock treatment, and electroconvulsive therapy do not involve the use of a pulsing coil held to the skull for brain stimulation.

Question 3

The originator of the famous "talking cure" in psychology was

Accepted Answer

The "talking cure" refers to the psychoanalytic technique developed by Sigmund Freud, in which patients verbally express their thoughts and emotions in order to gain insight and resolve conflicts.

Question 4

The focus of traditional psychoanalysis is on

Accepted Answer

The focus of traditional psychoanalysis is on exploring unconscious processes, such as repressed memories and unresolved conflicts, in order to better understand and address psychological issues. The goal is to increase self-awareness and gain insight into factors that may be contributing to emotional distress or behavioral difficulties. While reducing unhealthy behaviors may be a goal of therapy, it is not the primary focus of traditional psychoanalysis. Similarly, coping with life's realities may be a helpful outcome of therapy, but it is not the main objective. Freeing patients from self-imposed limits is more aligned with a humanistic or existential perspective on therapy.

Question 5

Which treatment is LEAST likely to be used today?

Accepted Answer

Prefrontal lobotomy was a popular treatment in the mid-20th century for various mental illnesses, but it is no longer used due to its severe side effects such as decreased cognitive ability and personality changes. The other options (drug therapy, ECT, behavior therapy) are still widely used today as effective treatments for mental illnesses.

Question 6

Maureen is in therapy because she is very frightened of her father and feels tongue-tied around him.After a few months she begins to feel frightened of her therapist also.According to Freud,this is an example of

Accepted Answer

This is an example of transference, where the feelings and dynamics from one relationship (in this case, with Maureen's father) are unconsciously transferred onto another person (in this case, her therapist).

Question 7

What is the process by which a patient projects feelings about other individuals onto the psychoanalyst?

Accepted Answer

Transference is the process by which a patient projects feelings about other individuals onto the psychoanalyst. This can include positive feelings, such as love or admiration, or negative feelings, such as anger or distrust. It is an important concept in psychoanalytic therapy and can provide insight into the patient's past experiences and relationships.

Question 8

The proponents of _______________ therapies also refer to their methods as "depth" therapies.

Accepted Answer

The term "depth" therapy is commonly associated with psychodynamic therapy, which aims to explore the unconscious mind and past experiences in order to help individuals gain insight into their thoughts and behaviors. Humanistic therapies emphasize personal growth and self-actualization, while cognitive therapies focus on changing maladaptive thought patterns and behavior therapies focus on changing behavior through conditioning techniques.

Question 9

Electroconvulsive therapy has been used successfully to treat _______________ that has not responded to other treatments,but the effects are short lived.

Accepted Answer

Electroconvulsive therapy, also known as shock therapy, has been found to be effective in treating severely depressed patients who have not responded to other treatments such as medication or therapy. However, the effects are generally short-lived and the therapy may need to be repeated to maintain improvement. ECT is not typically used to treat bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, or obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Question 10

Murray is a bright student but he procrastinates.He puts off writing term papers and gets incompletes which eventually become Fs.After exploring his early childhood memories for almost a year,Murray comes to the insight that he procrastinates as a way of expressing unconscious anger toward his parents.The treatment method used to help Murray deal with his problem is

Accepted Answer

The treatment method used for Murray is psychodynamic therapy as it involves exploring unconscious thoughts and feelings, including childhood experiences and memories, to gain insight and understanding of present-day behaviors and emotions. This approach aims to help individuals recognize and address unresolved conflicts and issues from their past that may be affecting their current behavior.

Question 11

A therapist's goal is to delve into the unconscious processes of his patients.He is most likely to consider himself a practitioner of

Accepted Answer

The therapist's goal of delving into the patient's unconscious processes indicates a focus on exploring deeper, unconscious issues. This aligns with the approach of depth therapy, which aims to uncover and address underlying psychological processes and subconscious motivations. Client-centered therapy emphasizes the importance of empathy and unconditional positive regard, rational emotive therapy aims to reframe and challenge irrational thoughts, and existential therapy focuses on the meaning and purpose of one's life. While these approaches may also incorporate aspects of exploring unconscious processes, depth therapy is specifically centered around this goal.

Question 12

In the 1950s,Terence had a procedure done to him where the doctor used an instrument to cut the nerve fibers connecting his prefrontal cortex to the rest of the brain.This procedure,called _____________,left him withdrawn and unable to care for himself.

Accepted Answer

The procedure described is a lobotomy, where the connections between the prefrontal cortex and the rest of the brain are severed. ECT would involve electrically stimulating the brain, deep brain surgery would involve physically modifying deep brain structures, and transcranial stimulation would involve non-invasive electrical stimulation of the brain.

Question 13

Psychoanalysis was a therapy technique designed by

Accepted Answer

Psychoanalysis was developed by Sigmund Freud in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Question 14

A major element of all psychodynamic therapies,from Freudian to present forms,is

Accepted Answer

Transference is a major element of all psychodynamic therapies, wherein the client transfers emotions, feelings, and attitudes that they have towards other significant people in their lives onto the therapist. This provides an opportunity for the therapist to explore and understand the client's past experiences and inner conflicts, helping them to gain insight and make changes.

Question 15

This procedure requires surgery to implant electrodes into the brain and an embedded box under the collarbone.

Accepted Answer

Deep brain stimulation involves surgically implanting electrodes into specific areas of the brain, typically the basal ganglia, thalamus, or subthalamic nucleus, and connecting them to an implanted device, often placed under the collarbone, that regulates the electrical impulses. This procedure is used to treat conditions such as Parkinson's disease, dystonia, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. The other options listed do not involve implanting electrodes into the brain.

Question 16

Balthazar's depression is being treated through a procedure in which electrodes are placed on both sides of his head and a brief current is turned on.The current triggers a seizure that lasts about a minute,causing his body to convulse.His treatment is known as

Accepted Answer

The treatment being described in the scenario is Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT). This is a procedure in which electric currents are passed through the brain to trigger a seizure, which can improve symptoms in certain mental health conditions such as depression. SSRI and MAO are types of medication used to treat depression, while PET is a type of imaging technology.

Question 17

Sigmund Freud would agree that _______________ may be useful in treating a psychological disorder.

Accepted Answer

Dream analysis is a technique used in psychoanalysis, which was developed by Sigmund Freud.

Question 18

A therapist is interested in interpreting dreams and in having clients relate stories about her childhood.This therapist is most likely to be a

Accepted Answer

The behavior therapist would focus on changing observable behaviors, not on dream interpretation or childhood stories. The cognitive therapist would focus on identifying and changing negative thought patterns. The client-centered therapist would provide empathy and unconditional positive regard, but not necessarily delve into dream interpretation or childhood stories. The psychodynamic therapist, on the other hand, is interested in exploring unconscious thoughts and childhood experiences as they relate to current behaviors and emotions.

Question 19

Dr.Littleman is a therapist who calls her method "depth therapy" because her goal is to delve into the deep unconscious processes of her patients.Which type of therapist would she represent?

Accepted Answer

Dr. Littleman's method of "depth therapy" suggests that she is interested in exploring the unconscious mind of her patients, which is a key principle of psychodynamic therapy. This type of therapy emphasizes the role of unconscious thoughts and feelings in shaping behavior, and aims to help clients gain insight into their inner dynamics in order to make positive changes in their lives.

Question 20

_______________ occurs when a client responds to her therapist with unconscious emotions or reactions,such as conflicts about her parents.

Accepted Answer

Transference occurs when a client responds to her therapist with unconscious emotions or reactions, often related to important figures in her life such as her parents.

Quiz 12: Approaches to Treatment and Therapy