Question 1

Researchers have found that employees may be less likely to report ethical problems to management if they are intently focused on achieving a task.

Accepted Answer

According to research, employees who are intently focused on achieving a task may prioritize goal attainment over reporting ethical problems to management.

Question 2

A decrease in levels in the organizational hierarchy leads to better lateral communication among employees and makes it more difficult for employees to rationalize that higher-ups were responsible.

Accepted Answer

When there are fewer levels in the organizational hierarchy, communication between employees becomes easier and more direct, regardless of their positions in the hierarchy. In addition, accountability becomes more apparent when there are fewer levels of hierarchy, making it difficult for employees to blame their superiors for errors or problems.

Question 3

In business, when people talk about ethics, they're talking about behavior.

Accepted Answer

Ethics in business refers to the behavior and actions of individuals and organizations in the business world, with a focus on what is morally and socially acceptable.

Question 4

Reference: Matching Key Terms and Definitions
-People are likely to behave in ways that are rewarded.
A)Integrity
B)Reinforcement theory
C)Social learning theory
D)Pygmalion effect

Accepted Answer

The reinforcement theory suggests that people are likely to behave in ways that are rewarded. This theory proposes that behaviors that are followed by positive consequences (rewards) are more likely to be repeated in the future, while behaviors that are not followed by positive consequences are less likely to be repeated.

Question 5

A statement such as "integrity is important here" is enough for subordinates to understand expected behavior.

Accepted Answer

While a statement like this is important, it is not enough to fully convey the expectations of behavior. It is essential to define what integrity means in that specific workplace or context and provide examples of how it should be demonstrated. This will ensure that everyone has a clear understanding of what is expected of them.

Question 6

Reference: Matching Key Terms and Definitions
-People generally live up to the expectations that are set for them-high or low.
A)Integrity
B)Reinforcement theory
C)Social learning theory
D)Pygmalion effect

Accepted Answer

The Pygmalion effect is the phenomenon where people live up to the expectations that are set for them. This effect can be seen in situations where higher expectations lead to better performance and lower expectations lead to poorer performance.

Question 7

Workers expect to be rewarded for behaviors that are expected of everyone-that is, for doing the "right thing."

Accepted Answer

The answer of Workers expect to be rewarded for behaviors...

Question 8

When an employee brings up an ethical concern at work, the manager is obliged to take the issues completely off the employee's hands.

Accepted Answer

While a manager should address and investigate the ethical concern, the employee may still be involved in the process for providing further information or clarification.

Question 9

Generally, people take a single "ethical self" from situation to situation.

Accepted Answer

People often adjust their ethical behavior based on the situation, indicating that they might not have a single, consistent "ethical self" across different contexts.

Question 10

Which of the following is true?
A) Attempting to achieve a task goal can decrease risky behavior.
B) Employees focus on what managers say more than what managers do.
C) Employees will not search for clues about what gets rewarded; they must be told by managers that it is important.
D) Meeting a goal provides psychological benefits.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is true?
A) Attempting...

Question 11

Workers expect managers to discipline fairly, and they are morally outraged when management doesn't do its job.

Accepted Answer

Workers have an expectation that their managers will enforce fair discipline, and when that doesn't happen, it can lead to moral outrage among employees.

Question 12

People are much more likely to act ethically if they perceive themselves as personally responsible for the outcomes of their decisions and actions.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that people are more likely to act ethically when they feel a personal sense of responsibility for the outcomes of their decisions and actions. This sense of responsibility increases their motivation to make ethical choices and reduces the likelihood of rationalizing unethical behavior.

Question 13

In combination with rewards, goal setting is one of the most powerful motivational tools.

Accepted Answer

Goal setting helps individuals set clear objectives and provides direction towards achieving them. When such goals are combined with rewards, it further enhances motivation and helps individuals stay focused on their objectives.

Question 14

Norms often arise to support behaviors that are implicitly rewarded.

Accepted Answer

Norms are often created to reinforce behaviors that are considered desirable or beneficial in a particular social context. These behaviors may be implicitly or explicitly rewarded by the group, and over time, they become internalized as customary and expected ways of behaving in that community.

Question 15

If punishment occurs in private, few employees will know that unethical behavior was admonished; thus, managers should ensure that employees who behave unethically are punished publicly so that others learn from the process.

Accepted Answer

Punishing employees publicly can create a negative work environment and violate privacy rights. Instead, managers should focus on educating employees on why certain behaviors are unethical and the consequences of repeating them. It is also important to establish clear guidelines and policies for ethical behavior and regularly reinforce them through training and communication.

Question 16

Reference: Matching Key Terms and Definitions
-People learn from observing the rewards and punishments of others.
A)Integrity
B)Reinforcement theory
C)Social learning theory
D)Pygmalion effect

Accepted Answer

Social learning theory is based on the idea that people learn by observing and imitating the behaviors of others. This learning can occur through both rewards and punishments, but also through vicarious learning without direct reinforcement.

Question 17

Reference: Matching Key Terms and Definitions
-That quality or state of being complete, whole, and undivided.
A)Integrity
B)Reinforcement theory
C)Social learning theory
D)Pygmalion effect

Accepted Answer

Integrity refers to the quality or state of being complete, whole, and undivided.

Question 18

Workers have to be personally rewarded or punished for the message to have an impact.

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. While personal rewards and punishments can be effective motivators for some workers, there are other ways to create impact with messages, such as highlighting the broader benefits for the organization or society as a whole. Additionally, some workers may be motivated by internal factors such as personal values or a sense of purpose in their work.

Question 19

Work roles can support either ethical or unethical behavior.

Accepted Answer

Work roles can provide opportunities and incentives for both ethical and unethical behavior. It ultimately depends on the values, ethics, and integrity of the individual in the role. The organization and leadership can also have a significant impact on promoting or discouraging ethical behavior within work roles.

Question 20

Roles can support ethical behavior thus it makes sense to include in a Code of Conduct a statement that calls for employees who see misconduct to report it.

Accepted Answer

Including a statement in the Code of Conduct that encourages employees to report misconduct can create a culture of accountability and support ethical behavior. This can help to prevent misconduct and unethical behavior from going unnoticed or unaddressed.

Quiz 7: Managing for Ethical Conduct