Question 1

Successful cross-cultural communication relies on many shared understandings about
A) Emotional displays
B) Indirect cues
C) Face
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

Successful cross-cultural communication requires an understanding of emotional displays, indirect cues, and face. This means being able to recognize and interpret different ways of expressing emotions, understanding the importance of nonverbal communication and indirect speech in some cultures, and respecting cultural norms surrounding social status and reputation. Without these shared understandings, misunderstandings and miscommunications are likely to occur.

Question 2

Box 9.3: Exchanging business cards is a decades-old tradition within the business community - a tradition that originated in the United States and ________.
A) South America
B) Europe
C) Asia
D) Canada

Accepted Answer

Exchanging business cards originated in the United States and Europe.

Question 3

This mental model focuses attention and effort on emotional and interpersonal concerns.
A) Relational mental models
B) Task-focused mental models
C) Cultural mental models
D) Social-emotional mental models

Accepted Answer

The description specifically mentions emotional and interpersonal concerns, which falls under the category of social-emotional mental models. Relational mental models could also be a potential answer, but it is not as specific in terms of the emotional and interpersonal aspects mentioned. Task-focused and cultural mental models do not fit the description given.

Question 4

The ________ national government launched a campaign to eliminate the social practice of arriving 15 to 30 minutes late to business meetings and social events.
A) Ecuadorian
B) Jamacian
C) Canadian
D) South African

Accepted Answer

The social practice of arriving late to meetings and events, known as "hora ecuatoriana," is prevalent in Ecuador, where it is considered normal to be fashionably late. However, in recent years, the Ecuadorian government has launched campaigns to eliminate this practice in efforts to promote punctuality and efficiency.

Question 5

What country below is a member of low-context cultures:
A) China
B) Japan
C) Chile
D) United States

Accepted Answer

The United States is a member of low-context cultures, which are cultures that rely heavily on explicit communication and place less emphasis on nonverbal cues and context.

Question 6

Cultures that have a collectivist value system also tend to have
A) A high-context orientation
B) A low context orientation
C) An individualistic culture
D) There are not associations between culture and collectivist values

Accepted Answer

Cultures that value collectivism prioritize group goals over individual goals, and rely heavily on social norms and relationships within the group. This is often reflected in a high-context communication style, where much meaning is conveyed through nonverbal cues and shared cultural assumptions. Conversely, individualistic cultures place greater emphasis on personal achievement and autonomy, and may have a lower-context communication style that is more direct and explicit.

Question 7

Individualistic cultures also tend to have:
A) A high-context orientation
B) A low context orientation
C) A individualistic cultures
D) No associations

Accepted Answer

Individualistic cultures tend to have a low-context orientation, which means that communication is explicit and direct, with a focus on individual needs and preferences. High-context cultures, on the other hand, place greater emphasis on nonverbal cues and implicit communication, with a focus on group harmony and relationships.

Question 8

An important theoretical construct used to differentiate among cultural communication styles involves the continuum of:
A) Low-context to high-context
B) Individualism and collectivism
C) Independence and Interdependence
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

The continuum of low-context to high-context is an important theoretical construct used to differentiate among cultural communication styles. While individualism versus collectivism and independence versus interdependence are also important constructs in understanding cultural differences, they do not specifically relate to communication styles the way that the low-context to high-context continuum does.

Question 9

Indirectness is an important communicative strategy that varies according to
A) Individualism
B) Cultural context
C) Collectivism
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

Indirectness in communication can be influenced by individualism, where personal expression may be nuanced; cultural context, as different cultures have varying norms around directness; and collectivism, where the focus on group harmony may necessitate more indirect communication methods.

Question 10

Research suggests that gender differences can be quite ____________, emerging in some studies but not others.
A) Inconsequential
B) Inconsistent
C) Consistent
D) Consequential

Accepted Answer

The word "inconsistent" means not staying the same or not always behaving or happening in the same way. This is the most appropriate word to describe gender differences in research as they may not always appear consistently from one study to another.

Question 11

What author was credited with proposing the first concept of a relational mental model?
A) Baldwin (1992)
B) Hofstede (1980)
C) Bartlett (1932)
D) Sanchez-Burks (2000)

Accepted Answer

Bartlett (1932) proposed the first concept of a relational mental model, suggesting that individuals form mental representations of social relationships and interactions.

Question 12

This mental model is focused exclusive on elements of the situation directly related to the task, such as whether progress on the agenda is being made.
A) Social-emotional mental model
B) Task-focused mental model
C) Cultural mental model
D) Relational mental model

Accepted Answer

A Task-focused mental model is narrowly focused on elements directly related to completing the task at hand, such as progress on the agenda. It does not take into account social or emotional factors, cultural differences, or relational dynamics.

Question 13

The process through which "face" is regulated in a particular cultural context refers to:
A) Harmony
B) Individualism
C) Collectivism
D) Relationship

Accepted Answer

The answer of The process through which "face" is regulated...

Question 14

In a survey conducted in the United States, China, and Korea, Neuman and his colleagues (2004) asked managers and business students to what extent task and relationship conflict were a roadblock to success. Virtually all ___________ reported that they believed that task-related conflict was a barrier to success.
A) North Koreans
B) Managers
C) European Americans
D) Leaders

Accepted Answer

The survey conducted by Neuman and his colleagues (2004) asked managers and business students to what extent task and relationship conflict were a roadblock to success. Therefore, the best choice is Managers as they were the ones who participated in the survey and reported that they believed task-related conflict was a barrier to success. None of the other options are mentioned in the passage.

Question 15

In _____________, in particular, acting "professional" means suppressing authentic displays of social emotionality, maintaining a divide between one's work and personal life, and not letting interpersonal issues stand in the way.
A) France
B) the United States
C) Japan
D) Canada

Accepted Answer

The United States is known for placing a high value on professionalism that includes suppressing emotions, maintaining a work-personal life divide, and separating interpersonal issues from work. This cultural norm is reflected in many aspects of American work culture, such as dress codes, punctuality, and communication styles.

Question 16

Morris and his colleagues (2008) investigated the overlap between work and social ties among Citibank employees in Spain, China, Germany and the United States. Based on the study, which population was significantly less likely to show overlap between work, friends and family?
A) China
B) Spain
C) United States
D) Germany

Accepted Answer

The study found that employees in the United States were significantly less likely to show overlap between work, friends, and family compared to the other countries investigated, including Spain, China, and Germany. This reflects cultural differences in how work and personal life are integrated.

Question 17

"The public self-image that every member of society wants to claim for him/herself" refers to:
A) Harmony
B) Individualism
C) Face
D) Relationship

Accepted Answer

"Face" is a concept in many cultures that refers to the public self-image a person wants to claim for themselves. It involves being respected, admired, and keeping up appearances in front of others. It is not related to harmony, individualism, or relationships in the same way.

Question 18

The difference between the literal meaning of what one says (semantic meaning) and the intended meaning is referred to as ______________________.
A) Direct Communication
B) Indirect Communication
C) Nonverbal Communication
D) None of the above

Accepted Answer

The difference between the semantic meaning and the intended meaning can often be due to the use of indirect communication, such as sarcasm, irony, or understatement.

Question 19

Rational mental models that are characterized as broad cultural dimensions include:
A) Independence-interdependence
B) High/low context
C) Individualism-collectivism
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

All of the options (independence-interdependence, high/low context, individualism-collectivism) are examples of broad cultural dimensions that can shape a person's rational mental model. These dimensions are influenced by cultural values and beliefs, and can impact how individuals perceive and interact with the world around them.

Question 20

____________ allows people to coordinate thought and action by creating shared expectations about how a social interaction should unfold, what behaviors are appropriate, and which elements of an interaction are important to notice.
A) Cultural mental models
B) Task-focused mental models
C) Relational mental models
D) Social-emotional mental models

Accepted Answer

Cultural mental models are shared understandings of how interactions should unfold within a particular culture, including expectations around behavior, communication, and social norms. They provide a framework for individuals to coordinate their actions and communicate effectively within a shared cultural context.

Quiz 9: Interpersonal Relationships in a Global Work Context

Successful cross-cultural communication relies on many shared understandings about

Box 9.3: Exchanging business cards is a decades-old tradition within the business community - a tradition that originated in the United States and ________.

This mental model focuses attention and effort on emotional and interpersonal concerns.

The ________ national government launched a campaign to eliminate the social practice of arriving 15 to 30 minutes late to business meetings and social events.

What country below is a member of low-context cultures:

Cultures that have a collectivist value system also tend to have

Individualistic cultures also tend to have:

An important theoretical construct used to differentiate among cultural communication styles involves the continuum of:

Indirectness is an important communicative strategy that varies according to

Research suggests that gender differences can be quite ____________, emerging in some studies but not others.

What author was credited with proposing the first concept of a relational mental model?

This mental model is focused exclusive on elements of the situation directly related to the task, such as whether progress on the agenda is being made.

The process through which "face" is regulated in a particular cultural context refers to:

In _____________, in particular, acting "professional" means suppressing authentic displays of social emotionality, maintaining a divide between one's work and personal life, and not letting interpersonal issues stand in the way.

Morris and his colleagues (2008) investigated the overlap between work and social ties among Citibank employees in Spain, China, Germany and the United States. Based on the study, which population was significantly less likely to show overlap between work, friends and family?

"The public self-image that every member of society wants to claim for him/herself" refers to:

The difference between the literal meaning of what one says (semantic meaning) and the intended meaning is referred to as ______________________.

Rational mental models that are characterized as broad cultural dimensions include:

____________ allows people to coordinate thought and action by creating shared expectations about how a social interaction should unfold, what behaviors are appropriate, and which elements of an interaction are important to notice.