Question 1

Terence is a skilled musician, writer, computer programmer, and problem solver. The fact that Terence is good at so many diverse activities supports the notion of _____________ intelligence.

Accepted Answer

Terence's proficiency in various diverse activities supports the concept of general intelligence, which suggests a single underlying ability that influences performance across different domains.

Question 2

Ms. Bouvier is a first grade teacher. She has just given Chelsea a reading test. Chelsea scored very high in word recognition, so Ms. Bouvier assumes she will score high on the rest of the test. It is clear that Ms. Bouvier believes in the ____________ factor of intelligence.

Accepted Answer

Ms. Bouvier's assumption that Chelsea's high score in word recognition will translate to high scores on the rest of the test suggests that she believes in a general intelligence factor (g), which is the idea that there is a underlying intelligence that contributes to performance on a variety of cognitive tasks.

Question 3

Which of the following was true about the brain of Albert Einstein?

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that Einstein's brain was actually smaller and lighter than the average human brain.

Question 4

Which of the following is a healthy older adult most likely to do as well-or even better than-a younger adult?

Accepted Answer

Older adults often maintain or even improve their vocabulary and verbal abilities with age, while other cognitive functions such as pattern recognition, solving geometric puzzles, and timed problem solving tasks typically decline.

Question 5

Which of the following typically happens to crystallized intelligence as healthy adults age?

Accepted Answer

Crystallized intelligence is based on knowledge and experience, which continue to accumulate throughout adulthood. Therefore, it is likely to remain stable or even increase with age. Research has shown that performance on tasks that require crystallized intelligence (such as vocabulary tests) tends to improve throughout middle adulthood before eventually stabilizing or showing minor declines in later years.

Question 6

Who was the inventor of statistical technique called factor analysis, a method that compares results of different correlational measures to identify patterns, or "factors," among them?

Accepted Answer

Charles Spearman was the inventor of factor analysis.

Question 7

____________ intelligence allows people to solve problems that they have not previously experienced, while _____________ intelligence involves applying previous experience and knowledge to solving a problem.

Accepted Answer

Fluid intelligence allows people to solve problems that they have not previously experienced, while crystallized intelligence involves applying previous experience and knowledge to solving a problem. So, option B correctly matches the definitions. Option A and C define different types of intelligence, and option D does not match the given definitions.

Question 8

According to Spearman, it is one's ________ intelligence that produces the positive correlations found between math, reading scores, and visual perception tests.

Accepted Answer

Spearman's theory of intelligence posits that there is a general factor, or "g" factor, that underlies all cognitive abilities. This general intelligence factor produces positive correlations between various types of cognitive tests, including math, reading scores, and visual perception tests. Therefore, the best choice is A, general intelligence. The other three options (B) emotional intelligence, (C) crystallized intelligence, and (D) fluid intelligence, do not fit with Spearman's theory of a general intelligence factor as the source of these correlations.

Question 9

Who would have supported the notion that intelligence resulted from a single ability and could be represented by a single test score?

Accepted Answer

Spearman was the founder of the concept of general intelligence and the idea that intelligence was a single ability, which he referred to as "g." He believed that performance on any cognitive task was influenced by this general intelligence factor.

Question 10

Which of the following does NOT support the idea of multiple intelligences?

Accepted Answer

This statement actually supports the idea of multiple intelligences because it suggests that people who score highly on intelligence tests have abilities in multiple areas, rather than just one. The other answer choices all support the idea of multiple intelligences in different ways.

Question 11

Research indicates that ____________ intelligence peaks in early to middle adulthood and then begins declining.

Accepted Answer

Fluid intelligence refers to skills such as problem solving and abstract thinking. Research has shown that fluid intelligence reaches its peak in early to middle adulthood and then gradually declines. In contrast, crystallized intelligence, which refers to knowledge and skills accumulated through experience, tends to increase throughout the lifespan. Verbal and existential intelligence are not recognized as separate constructs in mainstream theories of intelligence.

Question 12

It is generally the case that most great scientists have their ground-breaking ideas when they are in early to middle adulthood, but rarely when they are older. What might explain this fact?

Accepted Answer

Fluid intelligence, which involves our ability to reason and problem-solve in new situations, peaks in middle adulthood and then declines in later life. This decline may make it more difficult for older scientists to generate truly innovative and groundbreaking ideas. However, crystallized intelligence, which involves accumulated knowledge and experience, can continue to grow throughout the lifespan.

Question 13

Because Ken's history professor was a college student during the 1970s, he has extraordinary insight and knowledge of facts concerning the Vietnam War era. This knowledge is associated with the term

Accepted Answer

Crystallized intelligence is the ability to use knowledge and experience that has been acquired over time. Ken's history professor has acquired specific knowledge about the Vietnam War era due to his personal experience during that time period.

Question 14

Which of the following is a younger adult most likely to do better than a healthy older adult?

Accepted Answer

Solving a geometric puzzle requires spatial reasoning skills, which typically decline with age. Naming capitals of states and defining vocabulary words rely more on acquired knowledge, which can be preserved with age. Calculating the area of a circle may require more complex mathematical skills, which could be affected by age-related decline.

Question 15

Megan is very good at solving problems, even though she has had very little formal training. For example, Megan was able to solve the difficult Rubik's Cube puzzle the first time she tried. Megan clearly has a high degree of ____________ intelligence.

Accepted Answer

Fluid intelligence refers to the ability to solve novel problems and think abstractly, which is demonstrated by Megan's ability to solve the Rubik's Cube puzzle without formal training.

Question 16

Vocabulary tests primarily measure ________________ intelligence.

Accepted Answer

Vocabulary tests primarily measure crystallized intelligence, which includes acquired knowledge and skills. This is in contrast to fluid intelligence, which refers to the ability to reason and problem-solve in new situations without relying on prior knowledge or experience. Creative and existential intelligences are not directly measured by vocabulary tests.

Question 17

What three types of intelligence constitute Sternberg's theory of successful intelligence?

Accepted Answer

Sternberg's theory of successful intelligence consists of three types of intelligence: analytical intelligence (problem-solving and critical thinking), creative intelligence (ability to think outside the box and come up with new ideas), and practical intelligence (ability to adapt to different situations and contexts). Therefore, the correct choice is D) analytical, creative, and practical intelligence.

Question 18

Janet has IQ score that is much lower than average and has been diagnosed as having a form of autism. Despite her disabilities, Janet can perform incredible feats of mental arithmetic, including finding the square root of five-digit numbers without a calculator or paper and pencil! Janet would be classified as a

Accepted Answer

Janet's ability to perform incredible mental arithmetic despite her disabilities suggests that she may be a savant, which is a person with a developmental disorder who has a remarkable ability in a specific area, such as music, art, or mathematics.

Question 19

Brandon can name all 50 states and capitals. Which type of intelligence is he relying most on?

Accepted Answer

Crystallized intelligence involves the use of learned knowledge and experience, which is what Brandon is using when he recalls the names of all 50 states and their capitals.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the relationship between a person's brain size, and his or her intelligence?

Accepted Answer

While there is some correlation between brain size and intelligence, the relationship is not straightforward or fully understood. Other factors, such as neural connections and efficiency of neural processing, also play a role in determining intelligence. Therefore, it is incorrect to claim that brain size (either large or small) is a consistent predictor of high intellectual ability.

Quiz 9: Intelligence, Aptitude, and Cognitive Abilities