Question 1

About what percentage of Canadian infants show an avoidant attachment style?

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that approximately 20% of Canadian infants exhibit an avoidant attachment style.

Question 2

Which statement about working models of internal relationships is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Securely attached children are generally more focused on positive interactions and outcomes, but the statement about staring longer at a cartoon where a mother is comforting her child, as opposed to ignoring, does not accurately represent how attachment styles influence memory or attention in such specific scenarios. The other options correctly describe characteristics of different attachment styles.

Question 3

German infants are more likely to have _____ than they are _____ attachment styles.

Accepted Answer

German infants are more likely to have avoidant attachment styles than ambivalent ones, reflecting cultural values of independence and self-reliance.

Question 4

Research using the Strange Situation has demonstrated that a majority of Canadian infants display a(n)_____ attachment style.

Accepted Answer

Research using the Strange Situation conducted in Canada has consistently shown that a majority of infants display a secure attachment style, which is characterized by using the caregiver as a secure base from which to explore the environment, seeking comfort from them when upset, and being easily soothed by their presence. This attachment style is generally considered the healthiest and most desirable.

Question 5

Eleven-month-old Ashley plays without a fuss when her mother leaves and on her return ignores her.Ashley is demonstrating which type of attachment style?

Accepted Answer

Ashley is exhibiting avoidance behavior by playing and ignoring her mother's return, which indicates that she is not seeking comfort or attention from her mother, and thus has an avoidant attachment style.

Question 6

The Strange Situation test measures a child's:

Accepted Answer

The Strange Situation test is a commonly used measure to assess a child's attachment style, specifically how they respond to their caregiver in situations of varying levels of stress and unfamiliarity. It involves a series of separations and reunions with the caregiver and measures the child's behavior during these interactions to determine their attachment style.

Question 7

Which statement is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which statement is FALSE?
...

Question 8

Worldwide,_____ attachment is the MOST common.

Accepted Answer

Research on attachment has consistently found that secure attachment is the most common type worldwide, with estimates ranging from 50-60% of individuals having a secure attachment style. Avoidant attachment is the second most common, followed by ambivalent and disorganized attachment styles.

Question 9

In the Strange Situation,1-year-old Mei Ling mildly protests her mother's departure,seeks interaction with her mother when the two are reunited,and is readily comforted by her mother.Mei Ling is showing a(n)_____ attachment style.

Accepted Answer

Mei Ling is displaying the characteristics of a secure attachment style as she briefly protests her mother leaving, seeks interaction upon reunion, and is easily comforted when she returns.

Question 10

Psychologists speculate that infants who have suffered abuse by their primary caregivers are more likely to exhibit which style of attachment?

Accepted Answer

Infants who have suffered abuse by their primary caregivers are more likely to exhibit a disorganized attachment style, which is characterized by inconsistent and unpredictable behaviors towards their attachment figure. They may appear confused, frozen, or display contradictory behaviors such as approaching the caregiver but then backing away or appearing both frightened and comforting-seeking towards them.

Question 11

Toddler Jake shows severe signs of distress when his mother leaves.When she returns,he pushes her away.Jake is manifesting the characteristics of _____ attachment.

Accepted Answer

Jake is showing signs of anxiety and distrust towards his mother's return, indicating ambivalent attachment. This type of attachment is characterized by inconsistency in the caregiver's response to the child's needs, leading to the child's uncertainty and erratic behavior.

Question 12

Japanese infants are more likely to have _____ than they are _____ attachment styles.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that Japanese infants are more likely to have an ambivalent or anxious-resistant attachment style, characterized by clinginess and reluctance to explore, than an avoidant attachment style. This is thought to be due to the cultural emphasis on dependency and the mother-child relationship in Japan.

Question 13

Dara exhibits an ambivalent style of attachment.Which statement BEST describes the behaviour of her mother,Kendra?

Accepted Answer

Dara's ambivalent attachment style is characterized by inconsistency in her mother's responses to her needs for reassurance. Therefore, the best answer is D, as it states that Kendra is likely to respond inconsistently to Dara's requests for reassurance. Option A (Kendra being especially sensitive to Dara's emotional state) and option B (Kendra being completely insensitive to Dara's needs for reassurance) are both extreme and unlikely to be accurate. Option C (Kendra responding to Dara's requests for reassurance) is too vague and does not address the inconsistency that characterizes ambivalent attachment.

Question 14

Which statement about attachment style is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Attachment styles can change over time, particularly as a result of life experiences and relationships. While early attachment patterns can set the stage for future relationships, they are not necessarily set in stone and can be altered as individuals develop and grow.

Question 15

Mothers who are indifferent to their infant's need for reassurance and reject their attempts at physical closeness often have infants who show what type of attachment style?

Accepted Answer

Infants who experience maternal rejection and indifference often develop an avoidant attachment style, where they learn to suppress their attempts at seeking comfort and closeness because it has consistently been met with rejection.

Question 16

About what percentage of Canadian infants show an ambivalent attachment style?

Accepted Answer

Approximately 15% of Canadian infants show an ambivalent attachment style.

Question 17

About what percentage of Canadian infants show a secure attachment style?

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that approximately 60% of Canadian infants typically exhibit a secure attachment style.

Question 18

The term temperament is defined as:

Accepted Answer

Temperament refers to characteristic patterns of emotional reactivity, such as sensitivity, intensity, and adaptability to change. It is not related to expectations about caregiver response or the tendency to lose one's temper, although it may contribute to the expression of strong negative emotions.

Question 19

Infants with a(n)_____ attachment style act as though they are certain that the primary caregiver will NOT respond when they feel insecure.

Accepted Answer

Infants with an avoidant attachment style often act as though their primary caregiver will not respond to their needs when they feel insecure. They may avoid or ignore the caregiver and show few signs of distress or need for comfort.

Question 20

An _____ refers to a set of beliefs about the self,the primary caregiver,and the relationship between them.

Accepted Answer

The internal working model of relationships is a set of beliefs that individuals have about themselves, their primary caregiver, and the relationship between them. This model is formed based on early experiences with the caregiver and affects future relationships and interactions. The other options do not accurately describe this concept.

Quiz 11: Development