Question 1

A criticism of the sociobiology approach is that it places too much emphasis on cultural factors.

Accepted Answer

The criticism of the sociobiology approach is actually the opposite - that it places too much emphasis on biological factors and neglects the role of culture. Sociobiology suggests that human behavior is primarily determined by genetics and evolution, rather than environment and cultural learning. However, many critics argue that culture plays a significant role in shaping human behavior and societies, and cannot be reduced solely to biological explanations.

Question 2

The humanistic psychological perspective emphasizes free will and innate human tendencies towards growth.

Accepted Answer

The humanistic perspective emphasizes human potential and free will, and sees individuals as capable of actively choosing their own paths towards growth and fulfillment.

Question 3

A psychologist who emphasizes the importance of early childhood experiences and unconscious factors would likely be associated with the cognitive-behaviourism psychological perspective.

Accepted Answer

A psychologist who emphasizes the importance of early childhood experiences and unconscious factors would likely be associated with the psychodynamic psychological perspective, not the cognitive-behavioral perspective.

Question 4

The cognitive psychological perspective views human beings as information processors who think,plan,and solve problems.

Accepted Answer

The cognitive psychological perspective sees humans as actively processing information, using mental processes like attention, memory, perception, and reasoning to think, plan, and solve problems.

Question 5

One goal of psychology is being able to predict how animals or people will behave under specific circumstances.

Accepted Answer

Predicting behavior is one of the main goals of psychology, as understanding how people and animals behave in certain situations is essential to developing interventions and treatments for a variety of psychological and behavioral issues.

Question 6

Psychoanalysis is the analysis of internal and primarily unconscious psychological forces.

Accepted Answer

Psychoanalysis is a form of therapy that involves exploring the unconscious mind and its impact on behavior, personality, and mental health. Therefore, it focuses on internal and primarily unconscious psychological forces.

Question 7

Collectivistic cultures place a strong emphasis on personal goals and accomplishments.

Accepted Answer

Collectivistic cultures prioritize group goals and accomplishments over personal ones. Individual success is often seen as a reflection of the success of the group or community as a whole, rather than something to be pursued solely for personal gain.

Question 8

Behaviour genetics is the study of how evolution shaped modern human behaviour.

Accepted Answer

Behavior genetics is the field of study that examines the role of genetic and environmental influences on behaviors, not how evolution shaped modern human behavior.

Question 9

If a researcher is studying norms then that individual is most likely taking a humanistic perspective to studying psychology.

Accepted Answer

The study of norms falls under the domain of social psychology, which can take multiple perspectives including cognitive, behavioral, and social learning theories. It is not necessarily tied to a humanistic perspective.

Question 10

Structuralists were concerned with breaking human consciousness down into its essential components,whereas Gestalt psychologists were interested in how the elements of experience are organized into wholes.

Accepted Answer

This statement accurately describes the differences between structuralism and Gestalt psychology. Structuralists believed that by identifying and analyzing the individual elements of consciousness (such as sensations and feelings), they could understand the whole of human experience. In contrast, Gestalt psychologists emphasized how those elements were organized and integrated into larger patterns or perceptual wholes.

Question 11

One of the strengths of Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory is that his concepts are relatively easy to assess and measure.

Accepted Answer

One of the weaknesses of Freud's psychoanalytic theory is that many of its concepts, such as the unconscious mind and defense mechanisms, are abstract and difficult to measure objectively.

Question 12

Research has shown that the most important psychological perspective for understanding human behaviour is the biological perspective.

Accepted Answer

There is no single psychological perspective that is considered the most important for understanding human behavior; rather, multiple perspectives (biological, cognitive, behavioral, psychodynamic, humanistic, evolutionary, and sociocultural) contribute valuable insights, and their relevance can vary depending on the specific aspect of human behavior being examined.

Question 13

The dualism position assumes that the mind and body are one,while the monism position asserts that the mind is in fact separate from the body.

Accepted Answer

The statement has reversed the positions of dualism and monism. Dualism posits that the mind and body are separate entities, while monism asserts that they are one unified whole.

Question 14

The thinking of functionalists like William James was strongly influenced by Darwin's evolutionary theory.

Accepted Answer

Functionalists like William James believed that the mind evolved to serve specific functions or purposes, which is consistent with Darwin's evolutionary theory.

Question 15

The goal of basic research is simply to learn more about something,while applied research is typically done to solve some real world problems.

Accepted Answer

Basic research is conducted purely for the sake of knowledge and understanding, without any immediate practical application in mind. On the other hand, applied research is intended to solve specific problems or address particular issues, often with practical applications in mind.

Question 16

The behavioural psychological perspective is rooted in the work of structuralist Wilhelm Wundt.

Accepted Answer

The behavioural psychological perspective is actually rooted in the work of behaviourist psychologists such as John Watson, B.F. Skinner, and Ivan Pavlov, who rejected the structuralist approach of Wundt and instead focused on observable behaviour and the environmental factors that influence behaviour.

Question 17

Positive psychology movement was discussed in the context of the behavioural perspective.

Accepted Answer

Positive psychology is a branch of psychology that emerged in the late 20th century and is not limited to any specific perspective, including behavioural perspective. Positive psychology focuses on helping individuals to develop and thrive by focusing on positive emotions, character strengths, and personal growth.

Question 18

Sigmund Freud first thought that his patients were creating fantasies about being sexually abused as children,but he later revised this view and stressed that he believed these reports to be real and accurate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sigmund Freud first thought that his patients...

Question 19

Cognitive neuroscience involves the intersection of the cognitive perspective with the biological perspective by combining brain- imaging techniques while individuals engage in cognitive tasks.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Cognitive neuroscience aims to understand the neural basis of cognitive processes, by using brain imaging techniques such as fMRI, EEG, and PET, to study brain activity and structure during cognitive tasks.

Question 20

One of the intellectual precursors to the cognitive revolution was the debate over how children acquire language.

Accepted Answer

The study of language acquisition in children, particularly the work of theorists such as Noam Chomsky and the behaviorist B.F. Skinner, was an important question that led to the development of cognitive psychology and the cognitive revolution.

Quiz 1: Psychology: the Science of Behaviour