Question 1

The network that processes and stores explicit memories includes the

Accepted Answer

The hippocampus and frontal lobes are both involved in the processing and storage of explicit memories, which refer to memories that can be consciously recalled and verbally described. The hippocampus plays a critical role in the initial encoding and consolidation of new memories, while the frontal lobes are involved in retrieving and using stored information. The basal ganglia and cerebellum, on the other hand, are primarily involved in the processing and storage of implicit memories, which can be acquired unconsciously and through repetition.

Question 2

Damage to the ________ would most likely interfere with learning a conditioned fear response to the sight of a dog that had threatened you on several occasions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Damage to the ________ would most likely...

Question 3

The cerebellum and basal ganglia play an important role in the processing of ________ memories.

Accepted Answer

The cerebellum and basal ganglia are involved in the processing of implicit memories, which are memories that are acquired and used unconsciously, such as how to ride a bike or tie your shoes. Explicit memories, on the other hand, are conscious memories of specific events or information. Flashbulb memories are a type of explicit memory that are highly detailed and vivid recollections of significant events or emotional experiences. Episodic memories are also a type of explicit memory, but they refer specifically to memories of personal experiences and events.

Question 4

The human capacity for storing long-term memories is

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that the human brain has virtually unlimited capacity for long-term memory storage. The brain is capable of encoding and storing a vast amount of information throughout a person's lifetime.

Question 5

The hippocampus helps process ________ memories for long-term storage.

Accepted Answer

The hippocampus is a key structure in the brain's memory system, specifically for the processing and consolidation of explicit or declarative memories - memories that require conscious effort to encode and retrieve. Iconic and echoic memories are sensory memories that are stored briefly, while implicit memories do not require conscious effort and are stored in other areas of the brain.

Question 6

Following partial recovery from a severe stroke,Mr.Yanagita has learned how to ride a horse.However,he cannot consciously remember that he has learned to do this.It is likely that he has suffered damage to his

Accepted Answer

The hippocampus is a brain structure that plays a crucial role in memory formation, specifically in the consolidation of explicit or declarative memories – the memories that we can consciously recall and describe. Patients with damage to the hippocampus or surrounding structures often have difficulty forming new memories, especially those of events or facts that occurred after the injury. In Mr. Yanagita's case, he has learned a new skill but cannot consciously remember it, indicating a deficit in explicit memory. Therefore, damage to the hippocampus is the most likely explanation. The other brain regions listed (cerebellum, hypothalamus, basal ganglia) are involved in motor control and coordination, regulation of basic physiological processes such as hunger and sleep, and formation of procedural or implicit memories, respectively, but not specifically in explicit memory formation.

Question 7

One reason adults typically recall little of their first three years of life is that during infancy they were unable to verbally label their experiences.This best illustrates that the formation of long-term explicit memories often requires

Accepted Answer

Meaningful encoding, or giving meaning to information, is necessary for creating long-term memories. In infancy, when language skills are not yet developed, experiences are not labeled and therefore not as easily encoded into long-term memory. This is why adults often cannot recall their first three years of life. The other options, massed practice, parallel processing, and source amnesia, do not accurately describe the process of forming explicit long-term memories.

Question 8

The hippocampus and brain cortex display simultaneous activity rhythms during sleep.This appears to be an indication of

Accepted Answer

The simultaneous activity rhythms between the hippocampus and brain cortex during sleep suggest memory consolidation, as it is known that the hippocampus plays a crucial role in forming new memories and the cortex is involved in their long-term storage. This phenomenon has been observed in numerous studies and is thought to be critical for solidifying memories during sleep.

Question 9

Memories initially processed in the hippocampus are transferred to the ________ for long-term storage.

Accepted Answer

The cerebral cortex is responsible for long-term storage of memories. While the hippocampus plays a critical role in initial processing of memories, such as forming associations and creating context, it does not store memories indefinitely. Rather, memories are gradually transferred (or consolidated) to the cerebral cortex where they can be retrieved at a later time.

Question 10

Damage to the ________ would most likely interfere with a person's ability to form new memories of a family vacation trip.

Accepted Answer

The hippocampus is a part of the brain that is closely linked with the formation of new memories, particularly memories related to experiences and events. Damage to the hippocampus can result in difficulty in forming long-term memories of new events, such as a family vacation trip. The basal ganglia are involved in motor control and learning, the cerebellum is involved in movement coordination, and the amygdala is involved in emotional processing.

Question 11

Memory consolidation is the process in which explicit memories initially registered in the ________ are transferred for long-term storage in other regions of the brain.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that the hippocampus plays a crucial role in the formation of explicit memories, but memories are gradually consolidated and eventually stored in various regions of the cerebral cortex.

Question 12

Consciously recalling that Abraham Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth best illustrates

Accepted Answer

Semantic memory refers to our general knowledge about the world. Knowing that Abraham Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth is an example of semantic memory.

Question 13

The basal ganglia would be of most importance in forming implicit memories of

Accepted Answer

The basal ganglia are involved in procedural memory, which is the type of implicit memory that involves learning and retaining new skills or procedures, such as baseball batting.

Question 14

The deep brain structure(s)involved in motor movement and the formation of our memories of learned physical skills is (are)the

Accepted Answer

The basal ganglia are a collection of deep brain structures involved in motor movement and the formation of our memories of learned physical skills. The amygdala is involved in emotion and fear processing, the hypothalamus is involved in regulating bodily functions such as hunger and thirst, and the hippocampus is involved in the formation of declarative and episodic memories.

Question 15

Recalling your Social Security number and holding it in working memory would most clearly require activation of the

Accepted Answer

Recalling information and holding it in working memory activates the left frontal lobe, which is responsible for cognitive processes such as working memory, attention, and decision-making. The amygdala is involved in emotional processing, the basal ganglia in movement control, and the cerebellum in balance and coordination.

Question 16

Semantic memory is best described as ________ memory of _________.

Accepted Answer

Semantic memory is the explicit memory of facts and general knowledge, such as concepts, meanings, and categories. It is different from episodic memory, which is the explicit memory of personally experienced events. Therefore, option C is the best choice.

Question 17

Explicit memory of personally experienced events is known as

Accepted Answer

Episodic memory refers to the ability to recall specific events from our own lives, such as a birthday celebration or a vacation. This is a type of explicit memory, meaning it involves conscious recollection. Context-dependent memory and state-dependent memory refer to the environmental and physiological factors that can affect memory retrieval, while semantic memory refers to our general knowledge and understanding of the world.

Question 18

Recalling a visual scene of last night's party and holding it in working memory would be most likely to activate the

Accepted Answer

The right frontal lobe is typically associated with processing and recalling visual and spatial information, which would be involved in recalling a visual scene from memory.

Question 19

The neural storage of a long-term memory is called

Accepted Answer

Memory consolidation refers to the neural process that solidifies long-term memories and makes them resistant to interference or decay.

Question 20

Infantile amnesia involves a lack of

Accepted Answer

Infantile amnesia is the inability to retrieve explicit memories from before the age of 3-4 years old, suggesting that there is a lack of the formation or retention of explicit memories during this period of development. Implicit memories, basal ganglia, and automatic processing are not necessarily affected by infantile amnesia.

Quiz 7: Memory