Question 1

Surgically cutting the nerves connecting the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain is called

Accepted Answer

Surgically cutting the nerves connecting the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain is called a lobotomy. Electroshock therapy (A) and rTMS (B) are both non-surgical procedures used to treat mental illnesses, while ECT (D) involves the use of electric currents to induce seizures for therapeutic purposes.

Question 2

It has been suggested that the effectiveness of ________ results from energizing the left frontal lobe of the brain.

Accepted Answer

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive procedure that uses magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells in the brain. It has been suggested that the effectiveness of rTMS results from energizing the left frontal lobe of the brain, which is associated with positive emotional states and increased activity in this area has been linked to improvements in depression, anxiety, and other psychiatric disorders.

Question 3

Which approach would attempt to minimize psychological disorders by working to alleviate the conditions that cause child abuse and illiteracy in society?

Accepted Answer

Preventive mental health approach focuses on identifying and alleviating the conditions that lead to psychological disorders before they occur. This approach aims to promote mental health and prevent mental illnesses in the community by addressing issues such as poverty, child abuse, illiteracy, and social inequality. By addressing these root causes, preventive mental health approach can reduce the incidence and prevalence of psychological disorders. Biomedical therapy, psychoanalysis, and psychosurgery are all reactive approaches that focus on treating existing mental health conditions rather than preventing them from occurring in the first place.

Question 4

Deep brain stimulation is a form of

Accepted Answer

Deep brain stimulation involves the use of biomedical technology to stimulate specific regions of the brain using electrical impulses. It is not a form of psychodynamic therapy (A), cognitive therapy (B), or behavior therapy (C), which are all forms of talk therapy.

Question 5

Which of the following procedures has typically resulted in patients becoming permanently lethargic?

Accepted Answer

A lobotomy involves the removal or destruction of a portion of the brain tissue (usually the frontal lobes) and has been known to result in patients becoming permanently lethargic. Deep brain stimulation and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation are both treatments for neurological disorders that do not typically result in lethargy. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) can have temporary side effects such as confusion and memory loss, but it does not typically result in permanent lethargy.

Question 6

More than 9 in 10 New Yorkers,although stunned and grief-stricken by the 9/11 terrorist attack,did not have a dysfunctional stress reaction.This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

Resilience refers to the ability to adapt and cope effectively in the face of adversity or trauma. The fact that more than 9 in 10 New Yorkers did not have a dysfunctional stress reaction after the 9/11 terrorist attack indicates that they were resilient in coping with the trauma. Resistance refers to a defense mechanism in which a person unconsciously blocks out unpleasant or threatening thoughts or emotions. Tardive dyskinesia is a movement disorder that can result from long-term use of certain medications. Transference refers to a psychoanalytic phenomenon in which a patient transfers feelings and attitudes from past relationships onto the therapist.

Question 7

Dr.Jefferson conducts research on how people interact with their environment,with a focus on creating environments that support psychological health.She hopes to help people's sense of competence,personal control,and self-esteem.Dr.Jefferson's area of research is

Accepted Answer

Dr. Jefferson's research focuses on creating environments that support psychological health, which falls under the field of community psychology. Neither behavior therapy, biomedical therapy, nor resistance specifically address this area of research.

Question 8

Tony's episodes of depression have not been relieved by antidepressant drugs or psychotherapy.If physicians decide,as a last resort,to administer the safest and least-invasive brain stimulation therapy to treat Tony,they would recommend

Accepted Answer

Since Tony's depression has not been relieved by antidepressant drugs or psychotherapy, physicians may recommend the least-invasive brain stimulation therapy, which is repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Deep brain stimulation is a more invasive procedure that involves surgical implantation of electrodes in the brain, and ECT carries more risks and side effects. Lobotomy is an outdated and controversial procedure that is not used in modern medicine.

Question 9

Michelle,who is a cancer survivor,developed a fresh delight in her children and begins to savor the joy of each new day.Her behavior best illustrates

Accepted Answer

Posttraumatic growth refers to positive changes and psychological growth that may occur in individuals following a traumatic event, such as cancer. Michelle's renewed appreciation for life and her children's company is a clear example of posttraumatic growth.

Question 10

Preventive mental health is based on the assumption that psychological disorders result from

Accepted Answer

The answer of Preventive mental health is based on the...

Question 11

People whose life history includes some adversity often come to enjoy better mental health and well-being than those who have never faced any significant adversity.This best illustrates the importance of

Accepted Answer

Posttraumatic growth refers to positive psychological changes experienced as a result of struggling with highly challenging life circumstances. This can include greater resilience, a stronger sense of purpose, and improved relationships. People who have faced adversity and successfully navigated it are more likely to experience posttraumatic growth, which can contribute to their overall mental health and well-being. A and B are not relevant to this concept, and C refers to a negative side effect of some medications.

Question 12

Research and social action designed to create environments that support psychological health best defines the focus of

Accepted Answer

The focus of community psychology is on research and social action that creates environments which support psychological health. Psychiatry, biomedical therapy, and clinical psychology may focus more on diagnosing and treating mental illness rather than prevention and creating supportive environments.

Question 13

Though not performed today,lobotomies provide a historical example of

Accepted Answer

Lobotomies were a form of psychosurgery, which involves surgically altering the brain in order to treat mental illness. The procedure involved cutting or scraping away part of the frontal lobes of the brain, with the aim of calming overly emotional or agitated patients. While lobotomies were initially considered a breakthrough in the treatment of mental illness, they fell out of favor in the latter half of the 20th century due to their high risk of causing serious side effects, such as personality changes and loss of cognitive function.

Question 14

Which biomedical therapy is administered via electrodes implanted in the brain?

Accepted Answer

Deep brain stimulation is the biomedical therapy that involves the administration of electrodes implanted in the brain. It is commonly used to treat Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia.

Quiz 14: Therapy