Question 1

Which of the following would allow you to move your hand away from a hot burner after touching it?
A) sensory neuron
B) interneuron
C) motor neuron
D) glial cell

Accepted Answer

A motor neuron allows for movement or action to occur, in this case, moving the hand away from the hot burner. Sensory neurons are responsible for detecting the heat and transmitting that information to the spinal cord or brain. Interneurons function in transmitting information between neurons. Glial cells play a supportive role in the nervous system and do not directly contribute to movement or action.

Question 2

The network of nerves that radiates out from the brain and the spinal cord is part of
A) the central nervous system.
B) interneurons.
C) the peripheral nervous system.
D) neurotransmitters.

Accepted Answer

The network of nerves that radiates out from the brain and the spinal cord is known as the peripheral nervous system, which includes all the nerves outside the central nervous system. Choice A (central nervous system) refers to the brain and the spinal cord themselves, while choice B (interneurons) refers to a specific type of neuron found within the central nervous system. Choice D (neurotransmitters) refers to chemicals that transmit signals across synapses between neurons, but not the nerves themselves.

Question 3

It's known that teenagers and young adults are impulsive in nature, take unnecessary risks, and are, therefore, more susceptible to drug addiction. Scientists hypothesize that the reason for this could be the fact that the ________ lobe doesn't fully develop until the early twenties.
A) temporal
B) occipital
C) parietal
D) frontal

Accepted Answer

The frontal lobe is responsible for decision making, impulse control, and risk assessment. Studies have shown that the development of the frontal lobe doesn't fully mature until the early twenties, which could explain why teenagers and young adults are more impulsive and at a higher risk for addiction.

Question 4

The sudden withdrawal of one's hand from a hot stove is an example of
A) learning.
B) common sense.
C) an instinct.
D) a reflex.

Accepted Answer

The sudden withdrawal of one's hand from a hot stove is an innate, automatic, and rapid response that is triggered by the sensory input of pain. This response involves neural pathways that bypass conscious thought and go straight to the spinal cord, resulting in the reflexive action of pulling the hand away. Therefore, it is an example of a reflex.

Question 5

-Refer to the diagram to answer the following question: A blow to the ________ of the head could lead to loss of vision.
A) front
B) top
C) back
D) side

Accepted Answer

The back of the head houses the occipital lobe, which is responsible for vision. A blow to this area can affect visual processing.

Question 6

The spinal cord and brain compose the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The spinal cord and brain compose the...

Question 7

Which of the following are parts of the central nervous system?
A) sensory neurons
B) interneurons
C) motor neurons
D) effectors

Accepted Answer

Sensory neurons, motor neurons, and effectors are all part of the peripheral nervous system. Interneurons are located entirely within the central nervous system, which includes the brain and the spinal cord.

Question 8

Where are the sensory receptors for equilibrium located?
A) on the surface of the skin
B) in the inner ear
C) in the joints
D) in the retina of the eye

Accepted Answer

The sensory receptors for equilibrium are located in the inner ear, specifically in the vestibular apparatus which includes the semicircular canals and the otolith organs. These structures detect changes in head position and movement, which are important for maintaining balance and stability.

Question 9

Arrange the following neurons into the correct sequence for information flow during the withdrawal reflex following touching a hot burner on a stove.
A) interneuron, motor neuron, sensory neuron
B) motor neuron, sensory neuron, interneuron
C) sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron
D) motor neuron, interneuron, sensory neuron

Accepted Answer

The correct sequence for information flow during the withdrawal reflex is sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron. The sensory neuron will detect the stimulus (touching a hot burner) and send a signal to the interneuron, which will process the information and communicate with the motor neuron to initiate the withdrawal response. Therefore, option C is the best choice as it follows this sequence.

Question 10

The basic functional units of the nervous system are
A) muscle fibers.
B) heart cells.
C) neurons.
D) fibroblasts.

Accepted Answer

Neurons are the basic functional units of the nervous system, responsible for transmitting electrical and chemical signals between different parts of the body. Muscle fibers and heart cells are not part of the nervous system, and fibroblasts are connective tissue cells that play a role in wound healing and tissue repair.

Question 11

Which of the following is a general sense?
A) pressure
B) smell
C) hearing
D) vision

Accepted Answer

Pressure is considered a general sense because it is detected by receptors distributed throughout the body, unlike smell, hearing, and vision, which are special senses with specific organs.

Question 12

Which of the following are specialized cells that receive and respond to stimuli?
A) effectors
B) neurotransmitters
C) neurons
D) nerve impulses

Accepted Answer

Neurons are specialized cells that receive and respond to stimuli. Effectors are cells, tissues, or organs that carry out responses to stimuli. Neurotransmitters are chemicals that transmit signals between neurons. Nerve impulses are electrical signals transmitted along neurons.

Question 13

What is a nerve?
A) a bundle of neurons
B) a chain of neurons
C) a sensory synapse
D) a series of impulses

Accepted Answer

A nerve is a bundle of neurons, which are specialized cells that transmit electrical signals throughout the body.

Question 14

The expression "knee-jerk reaction" refers to someone doing something automatically without thinking. In biological terms, which of the following statements is true regarding this expression?
A) In the nervous system, this expression implies the involvement of higher brain regions before executing a spinal reflex.
B) In the nervous system, this expression implies the lack of brain input when executing a spinal reflex.
C) This expression implies that the knee-jerk reaction will be shortened in duration following input from higher brain regions.
D) This expression implies that only children exhibit this type of unthinking behavior.

Accepted Answer

The knee-jerk reaction is a spinal reflex that does not involve higher brain regions. It is an automatic response triggered by the tapping of the patellar tendon, which stimulates sensory neurons that synapse directly with motor neurons in the spinal cord, causing the leg to kick out. Therefore, the expression "knee-jerk reaction" implies the lack of brain input when executing a spinal reflex.

Question 15

What is proprioception?
A) the sense of pressure on the body
B) the sense of the position of the body
C) the sense of smell
D) the sense of the body's temperature

Accepted Answer

Proprioception refers to the sense of the position and movements of our limbs and body parts in relation to each other and in space. It is responsible for our ability to navigate through our environment and perform coordinated movements.

Question 16

Which of the following is a special sense?
A) temperature
B) pain
C) touch
D) taste

Accepted Answer

Taste is a special sense because it involves specialized sensory structures (taste buds) and involves a dedicated neural pathway to transmit information to the brain. Temperature, pain, and touch are all general senses because they involve a broader array of sensory receptors and neural pathways.

Question 17

A disease that led to the degeneration and death of nerves composed of the peripheral nervous system would lead to which the following symptoms?
A) inability to memorize names and faces
B) severe dementia (loss of intellectual capacity)
C) impaired vision
D) loss of voluntary muscle control

Accepted Answer

Degeneration and death of nerves in the peripheral nervous system would lead to loss of voluntary muscle control, as the peripheral nervous system is responsible for transmitting signals between the brain and the muscles. Impaired vision and dementia are more likely to be caused by diseases affecting the central nervous system, while difficulty with memory recall may be caused by a variety of neurological conditions, not necessarily specific to the peripheral nervous system.

Question 18

Which of the following would be classified as effectors?
A) sensory neurons
B) interneurons
C) body tissues
D) neurotransmitters

Accepted Answer

Effectors are the body tissues (muscles, glands, and organs) that respond to signals from the nervous system. A and B are types of neurons, which are not considered effectors. D refers to chemicals that transmit signals between neurons, not to the tissues that respond to those signals.

Question 19

What are sensory receptors?
A) cells that create action potentials and thresholds
B) localized areas of the CNS
C) chemicals that cross a synapse between two nerve cells
D) specialized neurons for detecting the world around you

Accepted Answer

Sensory receptors are specialized neurons that detect stimuli (e.g. light, sound, touch, temperature) in the environment and convert them into electrical signals that can be transmitted to the brain. These signals are then processed and interpreted by the brain to create sensations and perceptions of the world around us.

Question 20

Of the following general categories of neurons, which carry information to the CNS?
A) inhibitory neurons
B) sensory neurons
C) motor neurons
D) interneurons

Accepted Answer

Sensory neurons are specialized to carry information from sensory receptors (like those in the skin and eyes) to the central nervous system.

Quiz 22: Attention Deficit Disorder: Brain Structure and Function

Which of the following would allow you to move your hand away from a hot burner after touching it?

The network of nerves that radiates out from the brain and the spinal cord is part of

It's known that teenagers and young adults are impulsive in nature, take unnecessary risks, and are, therefore, more susceptible to drug addiction. Scientists hypothesize that the reason for this could be the fact that the ________ lobe doesn't fully develop until the early twenties.

The sudden withdrawal of one's hand from a hot stove is an example of

-Refer to the diagram to answer the following question: A blow to the ________ of the head could lead to loss of vision.

The spinal cord and brain compose the ________.

Which of the following are parts of the central nervous system?

Where are the sensory receptors for equilibrium located?

Arrange the following neurons into the correct sequence for information flow during the withdrawal reflex following touching a hot burner on a stove.

The basic functional units of the nervous system are

Which of the following is a general sense?

Which of the following are specialized cells that receive and respond to stimuli?

What is a nerve?

The expression "knee-jerk reaction" refers to someone doing something automatically without thinking. In biological terms, which of the following statements is true regarding this expression?

What is proprioception?

Which of the following is a special sense?

A disease that led to the degeneration and death of nerves composed of the peripheral nervous system would lead to which the following symptoms?

Which of the following would be classified as effectors?

What are sensory receptors?

Of the following general categories of neurons, which carry information to the CNS?