Question 1

Mrs. Swift is alarmed by her own intrusive and irrational thoughts that her house is contaminated by germs. Her experience best illustrates the agitating effects of

Accepted Answer

Mrs. Swift's experience of being alarmed by irrational thoughts indicates that she may have an obsession. Obsessions are recurring and persistent thoughts, impulses or images that are intrusive, unwanted, and cause significant distress or anxiety. In her case, her obsession is related to the fear of contamination by germs.

Question 2

Psychodynamic and learning theorists both agree that anxiety disorders, OCD, and PTSD are symptoms that represent the person's attempt to deal with

Accepted Answer

Both psychodynamic and learning theorists agree that anxiety disorders, OCD, and PTSD are symptoms that represent the person's attempt to deal with anxiety.

Question 3

A generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by a continuous state of tension, apprehension, and autonomic nervous system arousal. This includes feelings of restlessness, sweating, trembling, and difficulty sleeping.

Question 4

Andrea experiences extreme anxiety when approaching any lake. Her therapist suggests that her fear results from a traumatic boat accident she experienced as a child. The therapist's suggestion reflects a ________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

The therapist's suggestion that Andrea's fear of lakes is a learned response resulting from a traumatic experience suggests they are utilizing a learning perspective. The psychoanalytic perspective may focus more on unconscious conflicts and repression, while the biological perspective may focus on genetic factors or brain chemistry. The humanistic perspective may focus on personal growth and self-actualization rather than fear and anxiety.

Question 5

Generalized anxiety disorder is ________ common among men than women and ________ common among younger adults than older adults.

Accepted Answer

Generalized anxiety disorder is less common among men than women and more common among younger adults than older adults, according to research studies.

Question 6

Because of some troubling thoughts, Carl recently had a PET scan of his brain that revealed excessive activity in the anterior cingulate area. Carl's psychiatrist believes that Carl suffers from

Accepted Answer

Excessive activity in the anterior cingulate area is often associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Question 7

Rishi, a college student, complains that he feels apprehensive and fearful most of the time but doesn't know why. Without warning, his heart begins to pound, his hands get icy, and he breaks out in a cold sweat. Rishi most likely suffers from

Accepted Answer

Rishi's symptoms are consistent with generalized anxiety disorder, which is characterized by excessive and persistent worry and fear about everyday situations. The sudden onset of physical symptoms, such as pounding heart and cold sweat, is also common in this disorder. Posttraumatic stress disorder often involves reliving traumatic events, obsessive-compulsive disorder involves repetitive and intrusive thoughts or behaviors, and a phobia involves an irrational fear of a particular object or situation.

Question 8

A therapist suggests that Mr. Broshi continues to bite his fingernails because this behavior often reduced his feelings of anxiety in the past. The therapist's suggestion most clearly reflects a ________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

The suggestion that Mr. Broshi's behavior of biting his fingernails is a result of past experiences and the reduction of anxiety reflects a learning perspective. The therapist is considering how environmental factors, such as past events, may have shaped Mr. Broshi's behavior through a process of learning, such as negative reinforcement. This perspective is focused on observable behaviors and how they are influenced by environmental factors.

Question 9

Freud suggested that for those suffering a generalized anxiety disorder, the anxiety is

Accepted Answer

Freud believed that for those experiencing a generalized anxiety disorder, the anxiety was "free-floating," meaning it was not related to a specific event or object and could not be traced back to a particular source.

Question 10

Generalized anxiety disorder is often accompanied by

Accepted Answer

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) often co-occurs with depression. It is common for individuals with GAD to experience symptoms of both anxiety and depression simultaneously, as well as symptoms of other mental health disorders such as panic disorder or obsessive-compulsive disorder. However, GAD is not typically accompanied by delusions, catatonia, or antisocial disorder.

Question 11

Years after he barely survived a terrorist attack that killed his wife and two children, Mr. Puskari suffers recurring flashbacks and frequent nightmares of the event that render him incapable of holding a steady job. Mr. Puskari is most clearly showing signs of

Accepted Answer

Mr. Puskari's symptoms of recurring flashbacks and nightmares of the traumatic event are characteristic of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This disorder is a form of anxiety disorder that can occur after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors, but there is no indication of either in this scenario. Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry, but there is no mention of any specific worries in this scenario. Panic disorder is characterized by panic attacks, which involves sudden and intense feelings of fear, but there is no indication of panic attacks in this scenario.

Question 12

Which of the following provides evidence that human fears have been subjected to the evolutionary process?

Accepted Answer

Option A shows how compulsive acts that exaggerate behaviors which helped in our species' growth is evidence for human fears being subjected to the evolutionary process. Option B states that the majority of phobias we have is about objects that our ancestors feared, which is another piece of evidence for human fears being subjected to the evolutionary process. Option C states that some fears can be conditioned more quickly than others, and this further provides evidence for human fears being subjected to the evolutionary process. Therefore, all options provide evidence and are correct.

Question 13

Without success, Maxine spends hours each day trying to suppress intrusive thoughts that she might have forgotten to lock her house when she left for work. Her experience is most symptomatic of

Accepted Answer

Maxine's persistent intrusive thoughts and attempts to suppress them are characteristic of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This disorder involves the presence of obsessions, which are unwanted and intrusive thoughts, feelings, or images that cause significant distress, and compulsions, which are repetitive behaviors or mental acts that are aimed at reducing anxiety caused by the obsessions. In this case, Maxine's obsession is the fear of leaving her house unlocked and her compulsion is the constant checking and rechecking to ensure the house is locked.

Question 14

Although Mark realizes that his behavior is unreasonable, he is so alarmed by high bridges or expressway overpasses that he avoids them by taking an unnecessarily lengthy route to and from work each day. Mark appears to suffer from

Accepted Answer

Mark's avoidance of high bridges or expressway overpasses despite realizing his behavior is unreasonable, suggests that he has a specific phobia.

Question 15

Maladaptive behaviors that reduce worry and fear are most indicative of

Accepted Answer

Maladaptive behaviors that reduce worry and fear are most indicative of an anxiety disorder. Bipolar disorder is characterized by mood swings, anorexia nervosa is a type of eating disorder, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.

Question 16

Which of the following was presented in the text as evidence of biological influences on anxiety disorders, OCD, and PTSD?

Accepted Answer

The text presented all of these findings as evidence of biological influences on anxiety disorders, OCD, and PTSD. Identical twins often develop similar phobias, brain scans of persons with obsessive-compulsive disorder reveal unusually high activity in the anterior cingulate cortex, and drugs that dampen fear-circuit activity in the amygdala also alleviate OCD.

Question 17

Symptoms that may be misperceived as a heart attack are most characteristic of

Accepted Answer

Symptoms that may be misperceived as a heart attack, such as chest pain, rapid heartbeat, and difficulty breathing, are common in panic disorder. Bipolar disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder do not typically involve these physical symptoms.

Question 18

An immediate and irrational anxiety response to the mere sight of blood is indicative of

Accepted Answer

A specific phobia is an excessive fear and anxiety related to a specific object or situation, such as seeing blood. This fear response is often immediate and irrational. Mania and catatonia are not related to specific fears, and generalized anxiety disorder refers to excessive anxiety in a variety of situations, not just one specific trigger.

Question 19

The psychodynamic perspective would most likely view phobias as

Accepted Answer

The psychodynamic perspective emphasizes the role of unconscious conflicts and impulses in shaping behavior and emotions. According to this perspective, phobias may represent displaced responses to repressed impulses or unresolved conflicts.

Question 20

Lenore is unexplainably and continually tense and is plagued by muscle tension, sleeplessness, and an inability to concentrate. Lenore most likely suffers from

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described of muscle tension, sleeplessness, and difficulty concentrating are all classic symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder. A person with social anxiety disorder might experience similar symptoms specifically in social situations, while someone with a specific phobia would experience intense fear and avoidance of a specific object or situation. Obsessive-compulsive disorder involves intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors that an individual feels driven to perform in order to relieve anxiety.

Quiz 48: Anxiety Disorders, Ocd, and Ptsd