Question 1

Researchers have discovered that the midlife transition between early and middle adulthood is characterized by unusually high levels of

Accepted Answer

The answer of Researchers have discovered that the midlife transition...

Question 2

Remembering to take your prescribed medications at a specific time of day best illustrates

Accepted Answer

Prospective memory refers to remembering to do something at a specific future time, such as taking medication at a particular time each day. The other options are not related to this specific behavior.

Question 3

People typically experience an increasing sense of confidence and self-esteem

Accepted Answer

According to research, individuals tend to experience an increase in confidence and self-esteem from their mid-teen years to midlife. This is a time when they have gained more life experience, achieved important goals, and developed a greater sense of identity and purpose. While self-esteem can continue to fluctuate throughout life, this period is often associated with a peak in overall confidence and self-assurance.

Question 4

Compared with their counterparts of 40 years ago, American men today are marrying

Accepted Answer

Both American men and women are marrying at older ages compared to 40 years ago, reflecting broader social and economic changes.

Question 5

When children grow up and leave home, mothers most frequently report feeling

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that when children leave home, mothers tend to report feeling happier and more satisfied with their lives. This may be due to the increased freedom and flexibility they have in their daily lives, as well as the pride and sense of accomplishment they feel from raising successful and independent children. While some mothers may experience temporary feelings of sadness or anxiety during the transition, the overall trend is towards greater happiness and well-being.

Question 6

The best predictor of a couple's marital satisfaction is the

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that the ratio of positive to negative interactions is the strongest predictor of a couple's marital satisfaction. This includes behaviors such as expressing appreciation, showing affection, and displaying empathy. Couples who have a significantly higher number of positive interactions than negative ones tend to report higher levels of satisfaction in their relationship. The frequency of sexual intimacy or intensity of passionate feelings may not necessarily indicate the overall quality of the relationship, and prior marriage experience may have varying impacts on marital satisfaction.

Question 7

The age at which people are expected to leave home, get a job, and marry has changed dramatically in Wallonia over the past 50 years. Developmentalists would say that the country's ________ has been altered.

Accepted Answer

The social clock refers to the culturally preferred timing of social events such as leaving home, getting a job, and marrying. Since these expectations have changed in Wallonia over the past 50 years, it suggests that the social clock has been altered. The other options are not as relevant in explaining this phenomenon.

Question 8

When asked to recall the one or two most important events over the last half century, older adults tend to name events that occurred when they were between ________ years of age.

Accepted Answer

This is because the events that occur during the second and third decades of life are most important in shaping an individual's personal identity and worldview.

Question 9

The terminal decline phenomenon involves a decrease in mental ability that accompanies the approach of

Accepted Answer

The terminal decline phenomenon is a decrease in mental ability that occurs in the years immediately preceding death.

Question 10

There is very little relationship between the age of an adult and his or her

Accepted Answer

Age is not a strong predictor of life satisfaction. While there may be some correlation between age and life satisfaction, other variables such as socioeconomic status, health, and relationships have a much stronger influence on an individual's level of life satisfaction. Additionally, the other options (risk of dementia, ability to recall meaningless information, susceptibility to accidental physical injury) may be affected by age to some extent, making C the best answer.

Question 11

After living together for a year, Sylvia and Yefim have decided to marry. Research on premarital cohabitation most strongly suggests that

Accepted Answer

Research on premarital cohabitation suggests that couples who cohabit before marriage have a higher likelihood of divorce than those who do not cohabit before marriage. This does not mean that their marriage will definitely end in divorce, but the probability is higher than average.

Question 12

People have been most likely to describe themselves as a "sandwich generation" during their

Accepted Answer

The term "sandwich generation" refers to those who are simultaneously caring for their aging parents and their own children. This typically occurs in middle adulthood when individuals are in their 40s and 50s.

Question 13

A cross-sectional study is one in which

Accepted Answer

In a cross-sectional study, different age groups are tested at the same time. This allows researchers to gather information about different age groups and compare them. The other choices are not accurate as they do not capture the essence of a cross-sectional study.

Question 14

On which of the following tasks is a 20-year-old most likely to outperform a 70-year-old?

Accepted Answer

The answer of On which of the following tasks is...

Question 15

Among employed women, the task of raising children is especially likely to be associated with ________ marital satisfaction. The departure of mature children from the home is typically associated with ________ marital satisfaction.

Accepted Answer

Research shows that among employed women, the task of raising children is likely to be associated with decreasing marital satisfaction due to the increased workload and stress. Conversely, the departure of mature children from the home is typically associated with increasing marital satisfaction as it allows the couple to focus on their own relationship without the demands of parenting.

Question 16

Researchers studied the effects on exercise on the physical health of over 5000 residents in one locale throughout their middle and late adulthood. The research best illustrates a ________ study.

Accepted Answer

A longitudinal study follows the same group of individuals over a long period of time to investigate changes or development. In this case, the study followed the physical health of the residents throughout middle and late adulthood.

Question 17

Professor Parker suggested that heterosexual adults are genetically predisposed to form monogamous bonds because this practice facilitated the cooperative nurture and survival of children. The professor's suggestion best illustrates a(n) ________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

The suggestion that humans are genetically predisposed to form monogamous bonds because it facilitated the survival of offspring is an evolutionary perspective. This perspective focuses on how traits and behaviors evolve and are passed down through natural selection.

Question 18

The same people are retested over a long period in a ________ study.

Accepted Answer

Longitudinal studies test the same group of people over a long period of time, while cross-sectional studies test different groups of people at the same point in time. Concrete operational and postconventional are stages of moral development and are not related to research studies.

Question 19

Marie feels socially useful in her career as a financial investment advisor. Erik Erikson would have suggested that Marie experiences a sense of

Accepted Answer

Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development proposes that the stage of adulthood involves the conflict of generativity versus stagnation. Generativity involves feeling like one is making a meaningful contribution to society, while stagnation involves feeling dissatisfied and unproductive. Marie feeling socially useful in her financial investment advisor career is an example of generativity, as she feels like she is making a contribution to society through her work.

Question 20

Professor Kuilema compared the moral intuitions of one group of children, a second group of adolescents, and a third group of adults by assessing their reactions to a variety of moral dilemmas. Professor Kuilema conducted a ________ study.

Accepted Answer

Professor Kuilema conducted a cross-sectional study, which involves comparing different groups of people at the same point in time. This is different from a longitudinal study, which follows a single group over a period of time, and a postconventional study, which explores moral reasoning beyond conventional norms. The concrete operational stage refers to a specific stage of cognitive development in Piaget's theory and is not applicable in this context.

Quiz 16: Adulthood