Question 1

Recurring vesicles on the surface of human skin are symptoms of

Accepted Answer

Recurring vesicles on the surface of human skin are a common symptom of genital herpes, a viral infection that affects the genital area. Lymphogranuloma venereum, Gardnerella vaginosis, trichomoniasis, and candidiasis do not typically result in vesicles on the surface of the skin.

Question 2

A microbe that enters the vagina would likely cause cystitis if left untreated.

Accepted Answer

A microbe that enters the vagina would likely cause a vaginal infection, not necessarily cystitis. Cystitis is an infection of the bladder and is usually caused by bacteria entering the urethra and traveling up to the bladder.

Question 3

Genital candidiasis is a disease that only affects women.

Accepted Answer

Genital candidiasis can also affect men. It is a common fungal infection caused by Candida albicans.

Question 4

Most UTI infections are nosocomial.

Accepted Answer

While UTIs can occur in healthcare settings, the majority of UTIs are acquired outside of hospitals and clinics, often through community transmission or personal hygiene practices. Only a small percentage of UTIs are considered nosocomial or healthcare-associated infections.

Question 5

Candida is a normal flora found in the majority of women.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Candida is a normal flora found in...

Question 6

Only HSV- 2 can cause genital herpes.

Accepted Answer

Both HSV-1 and HSV-2 can cause genital herpes; HSV-1 is more commonly associated with oral herpes but can also cause genital herpes, typically through oral-genital contact.

Question 7

Which of the following statements about pelvic inflammatory disease is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an infection of the female reproductive system, typically caused by sexually transmitted infections such as Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. T. pallidum is the bacterium that causes syphilis and is not a common cause of PID.

Question 8

Anatomically, women have more portals of entry in the reproductive system compared to men.

Accepted Answer

Women have the vagina, cervix, and uterus as portals of entry in the reproductive system, whereas men only have the urethra.

Question 9

Nearly 70 percent of the patients seen in STI clinics are men. Offer a reason men are more likely to seek treatment than women. Why is it important that women seek treatment for STIs?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Nearly 70 percent of the patients seen...

Question 10

Trichomoniasis is the only known STI caused by a protozoan.

Accepted Answer

Trichomoniasis is caused by a protozoan parasite known as Trichomonas vaginalis, making it the only known sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by a protozoan.

Question 11

The male urethra is typically sterile.

Accepted Answer

The male urethra is typically sterile, meaning it does not contain any microorganisms or bacteria. However, if a urinary tract infection or other infection occurs, bacteria may enter the urethra and cause infection.

Question 12

Women and men typically have the same normal microbiota in their reproductive systems.

Accepted Answer

Women and men have different reproductive systems, and therefore have different normal microbiota. Women have lactobacilli predominant microbiota in their vaginal tract, while men have a diverse microbiota on the surface of their penis and within the urethra.

Question 13

Which of the following is diagnosed by detection of antibodies against the causative agent?

Accepted Answer

Syphilis is diagnosed by detection of antibodies against the causative agent, Treponema pallidum. Antibodies can be detected through various serological tests such as the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test or the Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) test. The other options listed are typically diagnosed through other means, such as bacterial culture or microscopic examination.

Question 14

The TORCH panel of tests is used to screen for diseases like syphilis.

Accepted Answer

The TORCH panel of tests screens for a group of infections that can affect a pregnant woman and her developing fetus, including syphilis. The acronym TORCH stands for Toxoplasmosis, Other (includes syphilis and other sexually transmitted infections), Rubella, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Herpes simplex virus (HSV). Each of these infections can cause serious health issues for the developing fetus if the mother is infected during pregnancy.

Question 15

A 25- year- old man presented with fever, malaise, and a rash on his chest, arms, and feet. Which of the following causative agents is most likely to cause these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described are characteristic of secondary-stage syphilis, which is caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. HPV, Candida, Nesseria, and HSV-2 do not typically present with these symptoms.

Question 16

The pH of the adult vagina is acidic due to the conversion of to by bacteria.

Accepted Answer

The adult vagina is acidic due to the presence of lactic acid, which is produced by the conversion of glycogen by bacteria. Glycogen is stored in the vaginal epithelial cells and serves as a substrate for lactobacilli to produce lactic acid, which helps maintain the acidic pH of the vagina. Lactic acid helps to prevent the growth of pathogenic organisms and promotes the growth of beneficial lactobacilli.

Quiz 26: Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems