Question 1

_____ is added to refined cornmeal during the grain enrichment process.

Accepted Answer

Thiamin is added to refined cornmeal during the grain enrichment process to prevent deficiencies and promote overall health. Thiamin is an important B vitamin that helps the body convert food into energy and is essential for the proper functioning of the nervous system.

Question 2

Which of the following substances is a provitamin or a precursor for a vitamin?

Accepted Answer

Beta-carotene is a precursor for vitamin A.

Question 3

The human body can absorb some of the _____ that is synthesized by intestinal bacteri A.

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K is synthesized by intestinal bacteria and can be absorbed by the human body. Riboflavin, thiamin, and vitamin A cannot be synthesized by intestinal bacteria and must be obtained from dietary sources.

Question 4

When cooking green beans,Lenny likes to add baking soda to the cooking water,because it keeps the color of the beans from turning olive green.As a result of this practice,Lenny's green beans have _____ than green beans cooked in plain water.

Accepted Answer

Adding baking soda (an alkaline substance) to the cooking water can lead to a breakdown of vitamin C, a water-soluble and heat-sensitive nutrient, resulting in green beans with less vitamin C compared to those cooked in plain water.

Question 5

The human body can absorb some _____ that is synthesized by intestinal bacteri A.

Accepted Answer

Biotin is a vitamin that is synthesized by intestinal bacteria and can be absorbed by the human body. Riboflavin, beta-carotene, and vitamin C come from dietary sources and cannot be synthesized by intestinal bacteria.

Question 6

_____ is added to refined cereal grains during the grain enrichment process.

Accepted Answer

Niacin is added to refined cereal grains during the grain enrichment process to prevent niacin deficiency, also known as pellagra. Pellagra is a disease caused by niacin deficiency and is characterized by skin rashes, diarrhea, and mental confusion. Vitamin D, Vitamin B-6, and Pantothenic acid are not typically added to refined cereal grains during the grain enrichment process.

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

Certain carotenoids, such as beta-carotene, can be converted to preformed vitamin A in the body. Retinol, on the other hand, is found in animal products. Vitamin D deficiencies, not vitamin A deficiencies, are associated with rickets in children. Vitamin A is necessary for vision, growth and development, and immune function, but it does not directly affect calcium and phosphorus absorption.

Question 8

Sonya has a chronic illness,and to treat the condition,she takes an antibiotic every day.Despite her illness,Sonya's diet is nutritionally adequate,and she exercises regularly.Based on this information,Sonya may need to _________.

Accepted Answer

Long-term use of antibiotics can disrupt the balance of gut bacteria, some of which synthesize biotin, a B vitamin. Therefore, Sonya may need to supplement her diet with biotin to avoid a deficiency.

Question 9

Which of the following cooking methods can result in major losses of water-soluble vitamins?

Accepted Answer

Boiling in a saucepan of water can result in major losses of water-soluble vitamins because the vitamins are leached out of the food and into the water. To prevent this, using minimal amounts of water and consuming the cooking liquid can help retain some of the lost nutrients.

Question 10

Barry is a vegan.His diet does not include foods that contain preformed vitamin A,and he does not take any vitamin A supplements.Nevertheless,his body has adequate vitamin A stores.Which of the following statements provides the best explanation for Barry's adequate vitamin A status?

Accepted Answer

Barry's adequate vitamin A status can be attributed to his consumption of foods that contain beta-carotene, which his body can convert into vitamin A. Beta-carotene is a precursor to vitamin A, and the body can convert it into the active form of vitamin A as needed. As a vegan, Barry may consume a diet rich in fruits and vegetables that contain beta-carotene, which can explain his adequate vitamin A stores despite not consuming preformed vitamin A or supplements.

Question 11

Which of the following foods is a good dietary source of beta-carotene?

Accepted Answer

Broccoli is a good dietary source of beta-carotene as it is a dark green, leafy vegetable. Beta-carotene is a pigment found in plants that our bodies can convert into vitamin A.

Question 12

_____ is added to refined rice during the grain enrichment process.

Accepted Answer

Riboflavin (Vitamin B-2) is added to refined rice during the grain enrichment process.

Question 13

Deep yellow,dark green and orange fruits and vegetables are rich sources of ________.

Accepted Answer

Deep yellow, dark green, and orange fruits and vegetables are rich sources of beta-carotene, a carotenoid that is a precursor for vitamin A. Beta-carotene has antioxidant properties and has been linked to a reduced risk of certain diseases such as cancer and heart disease.

Question 14

Which of the following vitamins is not added to refined grains as part of the grain enrichment process?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B-6 is not added to refined grains as part of the grain enrichment process. The process only includes the addition of niacin, folic acid, thiamin, and iron.

Question 15

Adding a small amount of _____ to cooked vegetables can enhance the intestinal tract's ability to absorb the fat-soluble vitamins they contain.

Accepted Answer

Adding a small amount of fat, such as butter, can enhance the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins in vegetables. Water, wine, and sugar are not effective in enhancing absorption.

Question 16

Which of the following foods provides the most beta-carotene per serving?

Accepted Answer

Beta-carotene is found in orange and yellow fruits and vegetables. Among the options, only Peach is a good source of beta-carotene, making it the best choice. Bacon and chicken contain no beta-carotene, while pear provides only a small amount.

Question 17

Damon has a chronic illness,and to treat the condition,he takes an antibiotic every day.Despite his illness,Damon's diet is nutritionally adequate,and he exercises regularly.Based on this information,Damon may need to _________.

Accepted Answer

Chronic use of antibiotics may lead to a deficiency in vitamin K due to its role in gut bacteria synthesis. Therefore, it may be necessary for Damon to take a supplement containing vitamin K to maintain adequate levels. There is no evidence to suggest that Damon needs to eat more vitamin-C rich foods, reduce protein intake, or consume fewer foods containing omega-3 fatty acids based on the information given.

Question 18

_____ is the most biologically active form of vitamin A in the body.

Accepted Answer

Retinol is the most biologically active form of vitamin A in the body. It is essential for vision, immune function, and cellular communication. Beta-carotene and other carotenoids can be converted to retinol in the body, but the conversion is inefficient and can vary greatly among individuals. Lutein is a different carotenoid that is important for eye health, but it is not involved in vitamin A activity. Alpha-tocopherol is a form of vitamin E, which is a different nutrient altogether.

Question 19

Which of the following foods provides the most beta-carotene per serving?

Accepted Answer

Mango provides the most beta-carotene per serving among the given choices. One medium-sized mango contains around 3,230 micrograms of beta-carotene. In contrast, plain yogurt, bacon, and pear contain very minimal amounts of beta-carotene.

Question 20

To conserve the vitamin content of foods,________.

Accepted Answer

Stir-frying helps to cook food quickly at a high temperature, minimizing the amount of time vitamins are exposed to heat and water, thus conserving their content. Boiling, on the other hand, can cause significant loss of vitamins. Peeling and cutting vegetables into small pieces can help reduce cooking time and may be beneficial, but it is not as effective as stir-frying. Storing foods in warm conditions, exposing them to sunlight, and air can also lead to vitamin loss over time. Slow cooking in large amounts of water may also cause vitamins to leach out.

Quiz 8: Vitamins

_____ is added to refined cornmeal during the grain enrichment process.

Which of the following substances is a provitamin or a precursor for a vitamin?

The human body can absorb some of the _____ that is synthesized by intestinal bacteri A.

When cooking green beans,Lenny likes to add baking soda to the cooking water,because it keeps the color of the beans from turning olive green.As a result of this practice,Lenny's green beans have _____ than green beans cooked in plain water.

The human body can absorb some _____ that is synthesized by intestinal bacteri A.

_____ is added to refined cereal grains during the grain enrichment process.

Which of the following statements is true?

Sonya has a chronic illness,and to treat the condition,she takes an antibiotic every day.Despite her illness,Sonya's diet is nutritionally adequate,and she exercises regularly.Based on this information,Sonya may need to _________.

Which of the following cooking methods can result in major losses of water-soluble vitamins?

Barry is a vegan.His diet does not include foods that contain preformed vitamin A,and he does not take any vitamin A supplements.Nevertheless,his body has adequate vitamin A stores.Which of the following statements provides the best explanation for Barry's adequate vitamin A status?

Which of the following foods is a good dietary source of beta-carotene?

_____ is added to refined rice during the grain enrichment process.

Deep yellow,dark green and orange fruits and vegetables are rich sources of ________.

Which of the following vitamins is not added to refined grains as part of the grain enrichment process?

Adding a small amount of _____ to cooked vegetables can enhance the intestinal tract's ability to absorb the fat-soluble vitamins they contain.

Which of the following foods provides the most beta-carotene per serving?

Damon has a chronic illness,and to treat the condition,he takes an antibiotic every day.Despite his illness,Damon's diet is nutritionally adequate,and he exercises regularly.Based on this information,Damon may need to _________.

_____ is the most biologically active form of vitamin A in the body.

Which of the following foods provides the most beta-carotene per serving?

To conserve the vitamin content of foods,________.