Question 1

In industrialized nations such as the United States,most couples hope to live in a(n)____________________________residence-the custom of a married couple living in their own residence apart from both the husband's and the wife's parents.

Accepted Answer

The term that fits the description given is "neolocal." A neolocal residence refers to a living arrangement where a newly married couple lives in a new household separate from the homes of their respective families. This is a common practice in industrialized nations. “Bilateral” describes a kinship system in which people trace their descent from both their father's and mother's side of the family. "Egalitarian" refers to a social structure or ideology where there is equality in rights, opportunities, and benefits among individuals. "Neocentric" is not a term commonly used in discussing living arrangements or family structures.

Question 2

Across cultures,______________is most common.In al-Barba,a lower-middle-class neighborhood in the Jordanian city of Irbid,the high cost of renting an apartment or building a new home has resulted in many sons building their own living quarters onto their parents' home,resulting in multi­ family households.

Accepted Answer

The given scenario suggests that sons are building their own living quarters onto their parents' home. This is a common characteristic of patrilocal residency, where newly married couples move in with or near the husband's family.

Question 3

Most people's behavior is shaped by cultural rules.______________is the practice of marrying outside one's own social groups or category.

Accepted Answer

Exogamy is the practice of marrying outside one's own social groups or category. This is a cultural rule that shapes people's behaviors and is commonly found in many societies around the world. Homogamy refers to marrying someone who shares similar characteristics and is not the opposite of exogamy. Heterogamy and endogamy are both types of marriage within one's own social group or category, rather than outside of it.

Question 4

According to sociologist Talcott Parsons,the wife/mother fulfills the______________(running the household,caring for children,and meeting the emotional needs of family members).

Accepted Answer

Talcott Parsons described the wife/mother's role as the "expressive role," which involves taking care of the emotional well-being of family members and managing the home and family life. The other options do not accurately describe the role of the wife/mother according to Parsons' theory.

Question 5

According to sociologist Talcott Parsons,the husband/father fulfills the______________(meeting the family's economic needs,making important decisions,and providing leadership).

Accepted Answer

Talcott Parsons believed that the husband/father fulfills the instrumental role, which involves meeting the family's economic needs, making important decisions, and providing leadership. The other options do not accurately describe the role that Parsons attributed to the male head of the household. The expressive role is typically associated with the wife/mother and involves nurturing and emotional support. The authoritarian role suggests a domineering, controlling approach to family relationships, which Parsons did not necessarily advocate. The egalitarian role implies a more equal distribution of power and responsibility between partners, which was not necessarily the norm in Parsons' time.

Question 6

Families confer______________.These would include race/ethnicity,nationality,social class,and sometimes religious affiliation.

Accepted Answer

Families confer social status and reputation, which would include factors such as race/ethnicity, nationality, social class, and sometimes religious affiliation. Sexual regulation refers to the ways in which a society regulates sexual behavior, achieved status refers to one's standing based on accomplishments or skills, and socialization refers to the process by which individuals learn norms and values of their culture or society.

Question 7

______________ is the subdiscipline of sociology that attempts to describe and explain patterns of family life and variations in family structure.

Accepted Answer

Sociology of family specifically focuses on patterns of family life and variations in family structure. Sociology of kinship, on the other hand, is a broader subdiscipline that examines the social relationships between individuals based on family ties, while sociology of genealogy is mainly concerned with the study of family lineage and ancestry. Sociology of domestication is not a subdiscipline of sociology related to family studies.

Question 8

The text points out that conflict and feminist analysts:

Accepted Answer

The text explicitly states that conflict and feminist analysts view families as sources of social inequality and conflict over values, goals, and access to resources and power. They do not believe that functionalist perspectives on the role of the family are realistic or adequate. They also examine the roles of husbands, wives, and children, but in the context of how these roles contribute to conflict and inequality within the family. Therefore, choice C is the best answer.

Question 9

______________ theorists emphasize the importance of the family in maintaining the stability of society and the well-being of individuals.

Accepted Answer

Functionalist theorists believe that the family serves important functions in maintaining social order, such as the socialization of children, the regulation of sexual behavior, and the provision of emotional support. They also argue that the family provides individuals with a sense of identity and belonging, which contributes to their overall well-being.

Question 10

The health of the economy is linked to fertility rates.For example,the recent economic crisis caused fertility rates to______________.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that during economic downturns, fertility rates tend to decline due to factors such as uncertainty about financial stability, lower income, and a general reluctance to have children during times of hardship. Therefore, the best choice is B, decline.

Question 11

Few societies have residential patterns known as______________residence,which refers to the custom of a married couple living in the same household (or community)as the wife's parents.

Accepted Answer

Matrilocal residence refers to the custom of a married couple living in the same household (or community) as the wife's parents.

Question 12

Social scientists refer to______________as the pattern of individuals marrying those who have similar characteristics such as race/ethnicity,religious background,age,education,and/or social class.

Accepted Answer

Endogamy refers to the practice of marrying within one's own social group, race, ethnicity, religion, or social class. This pattern of marrying individuals with similar characteristics is often observed in societies where social norms and traditions strongly influence mate selection.

Question 13

In the United States,most people practice______________.They marry people who come from the same social class,racial/ethnic group,religious affiliation,and other categories considered important within their own social group.

Accepted Answer

The description given is that of endogamy, which refers to the practice of marrying within one's own social group or category. Exogamy refers to the opposite practice of marrying outside of one's social group or category. Egalitarianism and heterogamy are not relevant to this description of marriage patterns.

Question 14

Incest taboos that prohibit sexual contact or marriage between certain relatives would be an example of which key function of family?

Accepted Answer

Incest taboos serve the function of regulating sexual behavior within the family, which falls under the key function of family known as sexual regulation.

Question 15

______________ are responsible for providing economic and psychological support for members.

Accepted Answer

Families are responsible for providing economic and psychological support for their members. While governments, education systems, and economies can play a role in supporting individuals and families, their primary responsibility for support falls on families.

Question 16

According to______________,marriage is a microcosmic replica of the larger society;both marriage and society involve a mental and moral fusion of physically distinct individuals.

Accepted Answer

Emile Durkheim viewed marriage as a microcosmic replica of society, emphasizing the mental and moral fusion of individuals, similar to how society functions.

Question 17

Parents and other relatives are responsible for teaching children the necessary knowledge and skills to survive.Which of the following key functions that families serve does this statement address?

Accepted Answer

This statement refers to the function of socialization, where parents and relatives are responsible for teaching children the necessary knowledge and skills to survive.

Question 18

Most people's behavior is shaped by cultural rules.______________is the practice of marrying within one's own group.

Accepted Answer

Endogamy is the practice of marrying within one's own group or community, such as within a particular religion, ethnicity, or social class. It is a cultural rule that influences behavior and can be seen in many traditional societies around the world. Exogamy, on the other hand, is the practice of marrying outside of one's own group, while homogamy refers to the tendency for individuals to marry people who share similar characteristics (such as education level or religion). Heterogamy simply means marrying someone who is different from oneself in various ways.

Question 19

In advanced industrial societies,families serve all of the following functions EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

In advanced industrial societies, families no longer serve as a guarantee for reproduction due to changing cultural and technological factors such as birth control and infertility treatments. However, they still serve functions such as sexual regulation, economic and psychological support, and provision of social status.

Question 20

Some conflict explanations of family problems,such as high rates of divorce and overall family instability,focus on:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some conflict explanations of family problems,such as...

Quiz 15: Families and Intimate Relationships

In industrialized nations such as the United States,most couples hope to live in a(n) ____________________________residence-the custom of a married couple living in their own residence apart from both the husband's and the wife's parents.