Question 1

Laboratory results showing high iron, bilirubin, and transferrin and low hemoglobin and hematocrit would support a diagnosis of which form of anemia?

Accepted Answer

Sideroblastic anemia is characterized by high iron levels due to ineffective erythropoiesis and iron overload, along with increased bilirubin from hemolysis and increased transferrin. Low hemoglobin and hematocrit are typical findings in anemia.

Question 2

A 15-year-old female presents with splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and lymph node enlargement. She is diagnosed with infectious mononucleosis. What should the nurse tell the patient about the recovery time?

Accepted Answer

Infectious mononucleosis, often caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, typically resolves over a few weeks, although some symptoms like fatigue can last longer.

Question 3

When the nurse sees a diagnosis of hereditary hemochromatosis on the chart, the nurse knows this is a disorder of:

Accepted Answer

Hereditary hemochromatosis is a disorder of iron overload, where the body absorbs too much iron from food, leading to excess iron in the blood and tissue.

Question 4

A 10-year-old is diagnosed with leukemia. What other condition is associated with this disease?

Accepted Answer

Children with Down syndrome have an increased risk of developing leukemia, particularly acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Question 5

A 70-year-old is brought to the emergency department, where he dies shortly thereafter. Autopsy reveals polycythemia vera (PV). What was his death most likely a result of?

Accepted Answer

Polycythemia vera often leads to increased blood viscosity, which can result in thrombosis, a common cause of death in these patients.

Question 6

What is leukocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Leukocytosis is a condition in which the white blood cell count is elevated.

Question 7

What is aplastic anemia caused by?

Accepted Answer

Aplastic anemia is caused by a deficiency of stem cells in the bone marrow, leading to reduced production of blood cells.

Question 8

A 57-year-old male presents to his primary care provider for red face, hands, feet, ears, and headache and drowsiness. A blood smear reveals an increased number of erythrocytes. What does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

The symptoms and blood smear findings are indicative of Polycythemia vera (PV), a condition characterized by an increased number of red blood cells, leading to symptoms like red skin and headaches.

Question 9

A 68-year-old is admitted to the emergency department with a diagnosis of polycythemia vera (PV). In this condition, what are the symptoms a result of?

Accepted Answer

Polycythemia vera is characterized by an increased number of red blood cells, leading to increased blood viscosity, which can cause symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, and an increased risk of thrombosis.

Question 10

A patient is admitted to the emergency department with a diagnosis of polycythemia vera (PV). Which treatment should the nurse discuss with the patient?

Accepted Answer

Therapeutic phlebotomy is the treatment of choice for polycythemia vera as it helps in reducing the number of red blood cells and decrease the risk of blood clots. Restoration of blood volume by plasma expanders, administration of packed red blood cells, and iron replacement therapy are not recommended for the management of PV.

Question 11

A 15-year-old male is diagnosed with infectious mononucleosis (IM). When the patient asks how he got this disease, how should the nurse respond? The most likely cause is:

Accepted Answer

Infectious mononucleosis is most commonly caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).

Question 12

A 35-year-old male has enlarged lymph nodes in the neck and a mediastinal mass. He was diagnosed with Hodgkin's lymphoma. Which of the following abnormal cells would the nurse expect to find with this disease?

Accepted Answer

Reed-Sternberg cells are characteristic of Hodgkin's lymphoma and are used to diagnose the disease.

Question 13

A 5-year-old is diagnosed with acute leukemia. What will the patient mostly likely be treated with?

Accepted Answer

Chemotherapy is the most common initial treatment for acute leukemia in children, as it targets rapidly dividing cancer cells throughout the body.

Question 14

A 35-year-old female is diagnosed with lymphadenopathy. Which assessment finding will help confirm this diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Enlarged lymph nodes are a hallmark finding in lymphadenopathy.

Question 15

What is the most likely cause of eosinophilia?

Accepted Answer

Eosinophilia is most commonly associated with parasitic infections and allergic reactions, as eosinophils play a key role in the body's immune response to these conditions.

Question 16

A 67-year-old male was diagnosed with polycythemia vera (PV) but refused treatment. What is his condition at risk for converting to?

Accepted Answer

Polycythemia vera is a myeloproliferative disorder that can progress to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) if left untreated.

Question 17

Considering anemia, what effect do vitamin B₁₂ and folate deficiencies have on red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Considering anemia, what effect do vitamin B₁₂...

Question 18

A 35-year-old male with hyperthyroidism begins treatment to decrease thyroid activity. A nurse monitors for which one of the following conditions that could result secondary to the treatment?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A 35-year-old male with hyperthyroidism begins treatment...

Question 19

A 67-year-old female is admitted to the emergency department with a diagnosis of polycythemia vera. Upon taking the history, what will the patient most likely report?

Accepted Answer

Patients with polycythemia vera often report intense itching, especially after a hot shower, due to increased histamine release from the elevated number of basophils.

Question 20

A 15-year-old male with infectious mononucleosis is being given instructions on how to prevent the spread of this infection to others. Which statement represents a correct instruction?

Accepted Answer

Infectious mononucleosis is transmitted through saliva, so it is important to avoid sharing drinking glasses or eating utensils to prevent the spread of infection to others. Although avoiding close contact with others is also recommended, it is not practical or necessary to completely isolate oneself. Wearing a surgical mask is not necessary unless the person is actively coughing or sneezing. Ignoring precautions altogether is not recommended as it can put others at risk of potentially serious complications.

Quiz 21: Alterations of Hematological Function

Laboratory results showing high iron, bilirubin, and transferrin and low hemoglobin and hematocrit would support a diagnosis of which form of anemia?

A 15-year-old female presents with splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and lymph node enlargement. She is diagnosed with infectious mononucleosis. What should the nurse tell the patient about the recovery time?

When the nurse sees a diagnosis of hereditary hemochromatosis on the chart, the nurse knows this is a disorder of:

A 10-year-old is diagnosed with leukemia. What other condition is associated with this disease?

A 70-year-old is brought to the emergency department, where he dies shortly thereafter. Autopsy reveals polycythemia vera (PV) . What was his death most likely a result of?

What is leukocytosis?

What is aplastic anemia caused by?

A 57-year-old male presents to his primary care provider for red face, hands, feet, ears, and headache and drowsiness. A blood smear reveals an increased number of erythrocytes. What does this indicate?

A 68-year-old is admitted to the emergency department with a diagnosis of polycythemia vera (PV) . In this condition, what are the symptoms a result of?

A patient is admitted to the emergency department with a diagnosis of polycythemia vera (PV) . Which treatment should the nurse discuss with the patient?

A 15-year-old male is diagnosed with infectious mononucleosis (IM) . When the patient asks how he got this disease, how should the nurse respond? The most likely cause is:

A 35-year-old male has enlarged lymph nodes in the neck and a mediastinal mass. He was diagnosed with Hodgkin's lymphoma. Which of the following abnormal cells would the nurse expect to find with this disease?

A 5-year-old is diagnosed with acute leukemia. What will the patient mostly likely be treated with?

A 35-year-old female is diagnosed with lymphadenopathy. Which assessment finding will help confirm this diagnosis?

What is the most likely cause of eosinophilia?

A 67-year-old male was diagnosed with polycythemia vera (PV) but refused treatment. What is his condition at risk for converting to?

Considering anemia, what effect do vitamin B₁₂ and folate deficiencies have on red blood cells?

A 35-year-old male with hyperthyroidism begins treatment to decrease thyroid activity. A nurse monitors for which one of the following conditions that could result secondary to the treatment?

A 67-year-old female is admitted to the emergency department with a diagnosis of polycythemia vera. Upon taking the history, what will the patient most likely report?

A 15-year-old male with infectious mononucleosis is being given instructions on how to prevent the spread of this infection to others. Which statement represents a correct instruction?

Quiz 21: Alterations of Hematological Function

Laboratory results showing high iron, bilirubin, and transferrin and low hemoglobin and hematocrit would support a diagnosis of which form of anemia?

A 15-year-old female presents with splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and lymph node enlargement. She is diagnosed with infectious mononucleosis. What should the nurse tell the patient about the recovery time?

When the nurse sees a diagnosis of hereditary hemochromatosis on the chart, the nurse knows this is a disorder of:

A 10-year-old is diagnosed with leukemia. What other condition is associated with this disease?

A 70-year-old is brought to the emergency department, where he dies shortly thereafter. Autopsy reveals polycythemia vera (PV) . What was his death most likely a result of?

What is leukocytosis?

What is aplastic anemia caused by?

A 57-year-old male presents to his primary care provider for red face, hands, feet, ears, and headache and drowsiness. A blood smear reveals an increased number of erythrocytes. What does this indicate?

A 68-year-old is admitted to the emergency department with a diagnosis of polycythemia vera (PV) . In this condition, what are the symptoms a result of?

A patient is admitted to the emergency department with a diagnosis of polycythemia vera (PV) . Which treatment should the nurse discuss with the patient?

A 15-year-old male is diagnosed with infectious mononucleosis (IM) . When the patient asks how he got this disease, how should the nurse respond? The most likely cause is:

A 35-year-old male has enlarged lymph nodes in the neck and a mediastinal mass. He was diagnosed with Hodgkin's lymphoma. Which of the following abnormal cells would the nurse expect to find with this disease?

A 5-year-old is diagnosed with acute leukemia. What will the patient mostly likely be treated with?

A 35-year-old female is diagnosed with lymphadenopathy. Which assessment finding will help confirm this diagnosis?

What is the most likely cause of eosinophilia?

A 67-year-old male was diagnosed with polycythemia vera (PV) but refused treatment. What is his condition at risk for converting to?

Considering anemia, what effect do vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies have on red blood cells?

A 35-year-old male with hyperthyroidism begins treatment to decrease thyroid activity. A nurse monitors for which one of the following conditions that could result secondary to the treatment?

A 67-year-old female is admitted to the emergency department with a diagnosis of polycythemia vera. Upon taking the history, what will the patient most likely report?

A 15-year-old male with infectious mononucleosis is being given instructions on how to prevent the spread of this infection to others. Which statement represents a correct instruction?

Considering anemia, what effect do vitamin B₁₂ and folate deficiencies have on red blood cells?