Question 1

A newborn is diagnosed with congenital intrinsic factor deficiency.Which of the following types of anemia will the nurse see documented on the chart?

Accepted Answer

Congenital intrinsic factor deficiency leads to a lack of vitamin B12 absorption, resulting in pernicious anemia.

Question 2

Which individual should the nurse assess initially for a vitamin B₁₂ deficiency anemia?

Accepted Answer

A gastrectomy can lead to vitamin B12 deficiency because it removes part of the stomach, which is necessary for the production of intrinsic factor, a protein essential for vitamin B12 absorption.

Question 3

A 21-year-old woman was recently diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia.Her hematocrit is 32%.Which of the following treatments would the nurse expect to be prescribed for her?

Accepted Answer

Iron replacement is the appropriate treatment for iron deficiency anemia to replenish the body's iron stores and increase hemoglobin production.

Question 4

A patient who demonstrates chronic gastrointestinal bleeding is diagnosed with anemia.What is the primary cause of the patient's anemia?

Accepted Answer

Chronic gastrointestinal bleeding often leads to iron deficiency anemia because the body loses iron through blood loss and cannot replace it quickly enough through diet alone.

Question 5

When a nurse is reviewing lab results and notices that the erythrocytes contain an abnormally low concentration of hemoglobin, the nurse calls these erythrocytes:

Accepted Answer

Hypochromic erythrocytes have an abnormally low concentration of hemoglobin, leading to paler than normal red blood cells.

Question 6

A 45-year-old male is diagnosed with sideroblastic anemia.When he asks what the most likely cause of this disease is, what is the nurse's best response?

Accepted Answer

Sideroblastic anemia is characterized by ineffective iron uptake and abnormal hemoglobin production, leading to the presence of ringed sideroblasts in the bone marrow.

Question 7

A 35-year-old female is diagnosed with vitamin B₁₂ deficiency anemia (pernicious anemia).The most likely cause is a decrease in:

Accepted Answer

Pernicious anemia is caused by a decrease in intrinsic factor, which is necessary for the absorption of vitamin B12 in the small intestine.

Question 8

A 45 year old is diagnosed with macrocytic, normochromic anemia.The nurse suspects the most likely cause of this condition is:

Accepted Answer

Macrocytic, normochromic anemia is often due to defective DNA synthesis, commonly caused by vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, which affects the production of red blood cells.

Question 9

A 5 year old was diagnosed with normocytic-normochromic anemia.Which type of anemia does the nurse suspect the patient has?

Accepted Answer

Normocytic-normochromic anemia is often associated with hemolytic anemia, where red blood cells are destroyed faster than they can be made, leading to normal-sized and normal-colored red blood cells.

Question 10

A 60-year-old patient diagnosed with emphysema experiences a rapid and pounding heart, dizziness, and fatigue with exertion.Which respiratory assessment findings indicate the respiratory system is compensating for the increased oxygen demand?

Accepted Answer

Increased rate and depth of breathing are compensatory mechanisms to enhance oxygen intake and carbon dioxide expulsion, addressing the increased oxygen demand in emphysema.

Question 11

A 21-year-old female was recently diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia.In addition to fatigue and weakness, which of the following clinical signs and symptoms would she most likely exhibit?

Accepted Answer

Spoon-shaped nails, or koilonychia, are a common sign of iron deficiency anemia.

Question 12

A patient's anemia is described as having erythrocytes that demonstrate poikilocytosis.The nurse would recognize the erythrocytes would be:

Accepted Answer

Poikilocytosis refers to the presence of erythrocytes (red blood cells) that have abnormal shapes.

Question 13

A 58-year-old female presents in the clinic with fatigue, weight loss, and tingling in her fingers.Laboratory findings show low hemoglobin and hematocrit, a high mean corpuscular volume, and normal plasma iron.These assessment findings are consistent with which type of anemia?

Accepted Answer

The symptoms and lab findings are consistent with pernicious anemia, which is a type of vitamin B12 deficiency anemia. It is characterized by macrocytic anemia (high MCV), neurological symptoms (tingling), and normal iron levels.

Question 14

A 40-year-old male's history includes being a vegetarian and abusing alcohol.Which of the following factors put him at greatest risk for developing folate deficiency anemia?

Accepted Answer

Alcohol abuse is the greatest risk factor for folate deficiency anemia because it interferes with the absorption and metabolism of folate.

Question 15

A 50-year-old female was diagnosed with sideroblastic anemia.Which of the following assessment findings would most likely occur?

Accepted Answer

Sideroblastic anemia is characterized by iron overload, which can lead to a bronze-colored skin due to hemosiderin deposition.

Question 16

After initial compensation, what hemodynamic change should the nurse monitor for in a patient who has a reduction in the number of circulating erythrocytes?

Accepted Answer

A reduction in circulating erythrocytes can lead to anemia, which often results in a hyperdynamic circulatory state as the body compensates by increasing cardiac output to deliver adequate oxygen to tissues.

Question 17

A 25-year-old female has a heavy menses during which she loses a profuse amount of blood.Which of the following adaptations should the nurse expect?

Accepted Answer

Peripheral vasoconstriction is a compensatory mechanism to maintain blood pressure and ensure adequate blood flow to vital organs during significant blood loss.

Question 18

A 65 year old experienced loss of appetite, weight loss, lemon-yellow skin, liver enlargement, and a beefy red tongue shortly before her death.Autopsy suggested pernicious anemia, and the cause of death would most likely reveal:

Accepted Answer

Pernicious anemia leads to vitamin B12 deficiency, causing megaloblastic anemia and potentially resulting in heart failure due to the increased cardiac workload from anemia.

Question 19

A 2-year-old malnourished child is diagnosed with vitamin B₁₂ and folate deficiencies.A blood smear suggests the deficiency is macrocytic and normochromic.The nurse would expect the hemoglobin to be:

Accepted Answer

The answer of A 2-year-old malnourished child is diagnosed with...

Question 20

The nurse will check which of the following tests to directly measure iron stores?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse will check which of the...

Quiz 23: Alterations of Hematologic Function

A newborn is diagnosed with congenital intrinsic factor deficiency.Which of the following types of anemia will the nurse see documented on the chart?

Which individual should the nurse assess initially for a vitamin B₁₂ deficiency anemia?

A 21-year-old woman was recently diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia.Her hematocrit is 32%.Which of the following treatments would the nurse expect to be prescribed for her?

A patient who demonstrates chronic gastrointestinal bleeding is diagnosed with anemia.What is the primary cause of the patient's anemia?

When a nurse is reviewing lab results and notices that the erythrocytes contain an abnormally low concentration of hemoglobin, the nurse calls these erythrocytes:

A 45-year-old male is diagnosed with sideroblastic anemia.When he asks what the most likely cause of this disease is, what is the nurse's best response?

A 35-year-old female is diagnosed with vitamin B₁₂ deficiency anemia (pernicious anemia) .The most likely cause is a decrease in:

A 45 year old is diagnosed with macrocytic, normochromic anemia.The nurse suspects the most likely cause of this condition is:

A 5 year old was diagnosed with normocytic-normochromic anemia.Which type of anemia does the nurse suspect the patient has?

A 60-year-old patient diagnosed with emphysema experiences a rapid and pounding heart, dizziness, and fatigue with exertion.Which respiratory assessment findings indicate the respiratory system is compensating for the increased oxygen demand?

A 21-year-old female was recently diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia.In addition to fatigue and weakness, which of the following clinical signs and symptoms would she most likely exhibit?

A patient's anemia is described as having erythrocytes that demonstrate poikilocytosis.The nurse would recognize the erythrocytes would be:

A 58-year-old female presents in the clinic with fatigue, weight loss, and tingling in her fingers.Laboratory findings show low hemoglobin and hematocrit, a high mean corpuscular volume, and normal plasma iron.These assessment findings are consistent with which type of anemia?

A 40-year-old male's history includes being a vegetarian and abusing alcohol.Which of the following factors put him at greatest risk for developing folate deficiency anemia?

A 50-year-old female was diagnosed with sideroblastic anemia.Which of the following assessment findings would most likely occur?

After initial compensation, what hemodynamic change should the nurse monitor for in a patient who has a reduction in the number of circulating erythrocytes?

A 25-year-old female has a heavy menses during which she loses a profuse amount of blood.Which of the following adaptations should the nurse expect?

A 65 year old experienced loss of appetite, weight loss, lemon-yellow skin, liver enlargement, and a beefy red tongue shortly before her death.Autopsy suggested pernicious anemia, and the cause of death would most likely reveal:

A 2-year-old malnourished child is diagnosed with vitamin B₁₂ and folate deficiencies.A blood smear suggests the deficiency is macrocytic and normochromic.The nurse would expect the hemoglobin to be:

The nurse will check which of the following tests to directly measure iron stores?

Quiz 23: Alterations of Hematologic Function

A newborn is diagnosed with congenital intrinsic factor deficiency.Which of the following types of anemia will the nurse see documented on the chart?

Which individual should the nurse assess initially for a vitamin B12 deficiency anemia?

A 21-year-old woman was recently diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia.Her hematocrit is 32%.Which of the following treatments would the nurse expect to be prescribed for her?

A patient who demonstrates chronic gastrointestinal bleeding is diagnosed with anemia.What is the primary cause of the patient's anemia?

When a nurse is reviewing lab results and notices that the erythrocytes contain an abnormally low concentration of hemoglobin, the nurse calls these erythrocytes:

A 45-year-old male is diagnosed with sideroblastic anemia.When he asks what the most likely cause of this disease is, what is the nurse's best response?

A 35-year-old female is diagnosed with vitamin B12 deficiency anemia (pernicious anemia) .The most likely cause is a decrease in:

A 45 year old is diagnosed with macrocytic, normochromic anemia.The nurse suspects the most likely cause of this condition is:

A 5 year old was diagnosed with normocytic-normochromic anemia.Which type of anemia does the nurse suspect the patient has?

A 60-year-old patient diagnosed with emphysema experiences a rapid and pounding heart, dizziness, and fatigue with exertion.Which respiratory assessment findings indicate the respiratory system is compensating for the increased oxygen demand?

A 21-year-old female was recently diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia.In addition to fatigue and weakness, which of the following clinical signs and symptoms would she most likely exhibit?

A patient's anemia is described as having erythrocytes that demonstrate poikilocytosis.The nurse would recognize the erythrocytes would be:

A 58-year-old female presents in the clinic with fatigue, weight loss, and tingling in her fingers.Laboratory findings show low hemoglobin and hematocrit, a high mean corpuscular volume, and normal plasma iron.These assessment findings are consistent with which type of anemia?

A 40-year-old male's history includes being a vegetarian and abusing alcohol.Which of the following factors put him at greatest risk for developing folate deficiency anemia?

A 50-year-old female was diagnosed with sideroblastic anemia.Which of the following assessment findings would most likely occur?

After initial compensation, what hemodynamic change should the nurse monitor for in a patient who has a reduction in the number of circulating erythrocytes?

A 25-year-old female has a heavy menses during which she loses a profuse amount of blood.Which of the following adaptations should the nurse expect?

A 65 year old experienced loss of appetite, weight loss, lemon-yellow skin, liver enlargement, and a beefy red tongue shortly before her death.Autopsy suggested pernicious anemia, and the cause of death would most likely reveal:

A 2-year-old malnourished child is diagnosed with vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies.A blood smear suggests the deficiency is macrocytic and normochromic.The nurse would expect the hemoglobin to be:

The nurse will check which of the following tests to directly measure iron stores?

Which individual should the nurse assess initially for a vitamin B₁₂ deficiency anemia?

A 35-year-old female is diagnosed with vitamin B₁₂ deficiency anemia (pernicious anemia) .The most likely cause is a decrease in:

A 2-year-old malnourished child is diagnosed with vitamin B₁₂ and folate deficiencies.A blood smear suggests the deficiency is macrocytic and normochromic.The nurse would expect the hemoglobin to be: