Question 1

JKL Distribution struggled to make profits for a few years, but eventually, the company had a very profitable year. Should the CEO raise salaries or give employees bonuses to reward them and motivate them to continue meeting company goals? Explain why.

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Question 2

You manage a cafe and want to enhance the overall service experience of your customers. Brenda is a good server, but you would like her to improve her efficiency and rapport with customers. Provide two examples of positive reinforcers you could use to motivate Brenda.

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Question 3

Differentiate between intrinsic, extrinsic, and prosocial motivation. Provide an example of how a person can be motivated by all three at the same time.

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Question 4

What are the advantages and disadvantages of using punishment as a way to eliminate dysfunctional behaviors? How can managers avoid the unintended side effects of punishment?

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Question 5

Describe procedural, interpersonal, and informational justice. How do they relate to motivation?

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Question 6

Sam's manager is very respectful and, even when delivering constructive criticism as part of ongoing feedback, is always encouraging and helpful. Sam perceives a high degree of ________ justice from the manager's behavior.
A)interpersonal
B)informational
C)vicarious
D)distributive
E)procedural

Accepted Answer

Interpersonal justice refers to the degree of respect and dignity with which people are treated by authorities, which aligns with the manager's respectful and encouraging behavior.

Question 7

Christine is very driven and works hard to achieve her personal and organizational goals. She likes being viewed as an expert and team leader who has influence over her peers. She is also careful not to damage her relationships with her peers by being too bossy or demanding. Identify and define the three needs Christine exhibits in the context of McClelland's needs theory.

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Question 8

Discuss Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theory. Differentiate between motivator needs and hygiene needs.

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Question 9

Use goal-setting theory to identify the important characteristics of an effective goal. Provide an example of both a good and a bad goal relative to those characteristics.

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Question 10

Explain how a low level of expectancy, instrumentality, or valence can affect employee motivation.

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Question 11

Define the three factors that determine a person's motivation according to expectancy theory. For each factor, describe one action a manager could take to increase an employee's motivation based on that factor.

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Question 12

Briefly explain operant conditioning theory and describe the four tools the theory provides for managers.

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Question 13

In what ways can pay be used as a source of motivation? How do the theories related to needs, expectancy, and learning align regarding the right way to distribute pay-related outcomes?

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Question 14

Explain the different types of needs according to Maslow and how they relate to each other.

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Question 15

While Bill was rather disappointed with his yearly bonus, he still believed that his manager provided a clear and sufficient explanation about how his performance contributed to the bonus amount. Bill perceives a high degree of ________ justice from the manager's behavior.
A)interpersonal
B)distributive
C)vicarious
D)informational
E)procedural

Accepted Answer

Bill perceives a high degree of informational justice, which refers to the perceived fairness of the explanations and information provided about decisions.

Question 16

Several employees at a product distribution company came up with some efficiency improvement strategies and brought their ideas to the foreman. After the suggested strategies were implemented, the company saw a notable decrease in costs so the foreman rewarded the employees with a half-day off and a team outing. This example reflects the ________ approach to compensation.
A)commission pay
B)equity pay
C)piece-rate pay
D)employee stock option
E)Scanlon plan

Accepted Answer

The Scanlon plan is a gain-sharing program where employees are rewarded for productivity improvements and cost savings, aligning with the scenario where employees were rewarded for efficiency strategies that decreased costs.

Question 17

Discuss Alderfer's ERG theory and how it compares to Maslow's theory.

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Question 18

Jonah perceives that while he works the same hours as his peers and makes similar contributions, he is being paid less. Use equity theory to describe what condition Jonah is experiencing and what might he be motivated to do.

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Question 19

Equity theory is often characterized as a theory of ________ justice.
A)procedural
B)cultural
C)interpersonal
D)distributive
E)informational

Accepted Answer

Equity theory is concerned with the fairness of outcomes or distributions, making it a theory of distributive justice.

Question 20

A company is competing with other companies for skilled employees in an extremely competitive environment. To ensure top-rated employees will be motivated to stay and not jump to a competitor, the company should
A)give uniform bonuses to all employees.
B)remind top-rated employees of their most recent generous bonuses.
C)discredit competitors' organizations and products.
D)set entry-level salaries above the industry average.
E)grant employee stock options.

Accepted Answer

Granting employee stock options can align employees' interests with the company's success, providing a long-term incentive for them to stay with the company.

Quiz 13: Motivation and Performance