Question 1

Approximately what percentage of 18 to 25 year olds in the United States and Canada are of African, Latino, Asian, or Native American descent?

Accepted Answer

Approximately 50% of 18 to 25 year olds in the United States and Canada are of African, Latino, Asian, or Native American descent.

Question 2

Compared to individuals without a college education, those with a college education tend to be:

Accepted Answer

Studies show that individuals with a college education tend to have better health outcomes and higher incomes than those without a college education. It is not necessarily true that college-educated individuals are more intelligent or married, and they are actually less likely to smoke.

Question 3

A longitudinal study done by Arum and colleagues on a cross-section of U.S. college students found that students' cognitive growth was _____ that of college students 20 years ago.

Accepted Answer

The study by Arum and colleagues found that the cognitive growth of current U.S. college students was half of what it was for college students 20 years ago.

Question 4

Professor Mtukudzi finished school in 1960 and loved his experience. He is MOST apt to believe the reason for a student to attend college should be to increase the student's:

Accepted Answer

As someone who enjoyed their own college experience, Professor Mtukudzi is likely to believe that attending college should be about more than just earning potential or specific skills and knowledge. He is likely to believe that college is an opportunity for personal and intellectual growth, which aligns with choice B.

Question 5

According to Perry's research, the first phase of college students' thinking is:

Accepted Answer

Perry's research found that the first phase of college students' thinking is characterized by a belief in the existence of absolute right and wrong. This phase is known as dualism and is characterized by a black and white view of the world, with little room for shades of gray or ambiguity. Students in this phase generally see authority figures, including professors, as sources of knowledge that they can unquestioningly accept.

Question 6

Jordan is a freshman in college and is at the very beginning of Perry's scheme of cognitive development. He believes that:

Accepted Answer

According to Perry's scheme of cognitive development, individuals in the beginning stage (dualism) believe that authorities know what is right and everything is black and white. Therefore, option B is the correct choice. The other options reflect a more advanced stage of cognitive development, such as "everyone has the right to his or her own opinion" (relativism) and "authorities don't know everything" (multiplicity).

Question 7

The term massification means that:

Accepted Answer

Massification refers to the process of making higher education accessible to a larger number of people. This means that college education could benefit everyone, which aligns with option D. The other options are not related to the concept of massification.

Question 8

Compared to 1970, today's college population in developed countries worldwide:

Accepted Answer

Today's college population is more diverse than it was in 1970, with a greater representation of various racial and ethnic groups, as well as international students.

Question 9

Genevieve is about to complete her bachelor's degree. If she is typical, once she is established in her career she will earn approximately _____ more per year than a peer without a college degree.

Accepted Answer

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median weekly earnings for workers with a bachelor's degree is approximately $1,248, compared to $746 for workers with only a high school diploma. This equates to an approximate difference of $20,000 per year.

Question 10

Between the ages of 18 and 27, the average adult in the United States:

Accepted Answer

According to a recent study by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the average adult from age 18 to 27 will have held an average of 6.3 jobs. However, considering the ongoing trend of job-hopping and career changes among this age group, it is safe to assume that the number of jobs held is likely higher than eight. The other options, buying a first house and having two or three children, are not as common during this age range. Similarly, while the divorce rate is highest among adults from ages 25 to 39, the chance of divorce at age 27 is lower than 20 percent.

Question 11

What is decreasing in the U.S. higher education system?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is decreasing in the U.S. higher...

Question 12

According to the 2011 research conducted by Pryor et al, the number one reason more than 9 out of 10 U.S. students cite for selecting a major is based on:

Accepted Answer

The research by Pryor et al. in 2011 found that the primary reason U.S. students choose a major is to get a better job, indicating the importance of employment prospects in their decision-making process.

Question 13

Erikson's fifth stage of development is:

Accepted Answer

Erikson's fifth stage of development is "Identity vs. Role Confusion," which occurs during adolescence (ages 12-18). During this stage, individuals explore their independence, develop a sense of self, and establish their own identity. They may experience confusion and indecisiveness as they try to navigate their identity within their social roles and relationships. This stage is critical for developing a strong sense of self and future direction in life.

Question 14

The people MOST apt to become postformal thinkers are those who:

Accepted Answer

Postformal thinking involves the ability to consider multiple perspectives, reconcile contradictions, and adapt to complexity. Having friends from diverse backgrounds can expose individuals to a variety of perspectives and worldviews, which can promote postformal thinking. Attending college or university is not necessarily a predictor of postformal thinking, as it depends on factors such as the curriculum and individual experiences.

Question 15

The recent effort by countries around the world to increase the number of young people attending college is prompted by national governments' belief in:

Accepted Answer

Massification refers to the belief that higher education should be accessible to a larger percentage of the population, and this has been a driving force behind recent efforts to increase college attendance worldwide. Stereotype threat refers to the negative impact of societal stereotypes on individuals' performance, moratorium refers to a psychological state of exploring identity, and linked lives refers to the concept that people's lives are interconnected through social networks and relationships.

Question 16

In almost every developed nation today, it is true that _____ are college students.

Accepted Answer

This statement is supported by statistical data from many developed nations, including the United States, where women have outnumbered men in college enrollment and completion for several decades. This trend has been attributed to a variety of factors, including increased opportunities and encouragement for women to pursue higher education, as well as economic and societal shifts that have made a college degree increasingly important for career success.

Question 17

Research indicates that if a person wants to increase his or her critical thinking ability in college, that person should take a:

Accepted Answer

Sociology classes that require reading and writing tend to promote critical thinking skills by challenging students to consider multiple perspectives, examine evidence, construct arguments, and identify underlying assumptions. While classes in other disciplines may also develop critical thinking skills, research suggests that social science classes, particularly those in which students engage in dialogue and debate, are particularly effective.

Question 18

Compared to college students 30 years ago, more students today are:

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that today's college students are increasingly focused on career preparation and gaining practical skills that will help them succeed in their desired professions. This is likely due to a combination of factors, including the rising cost of tuition and student loan debt, as well as the competitive job market. While students may still value a well-rounded education and critical thinking skills, there is a greater emphasis on the practical applications of their studies.

Question 19

Which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

There is research to support that exposure to diverse perspectives and experiences in college can enhance cognitive development.

Question 20

Perry found that over the four years of their college careers, students typically:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Perry found that over the four years...

Quiz 11: Emerging Adulthood: Body, Mind, and Social World