Question 1

In a study conducted by Loftus and colleagues (1996), individuals were told about false events that had supposedly occurred when they were children.What did the results of this study reveal?

Accepted Answer

The study conducted by Loftus and colleagues (1996) revealed that people can become quite convinced they experienced events that never happened. They called this phenomenon "false memories," which can be created through suggestive questioning, the power of persuasion, and the presentation of false information. This has important implications for the reliability of eyewitness testimony in legal cases, as well as the use of therapy to recover repressed memories.

Question 2

Jeremiah returned from war a year ago.Immediately after returning, he showed few, if any, symptoms.For a month and a half, though, has been experiencing intrusive memories, having difficulties sleeping, and does not want to see any of his friends from the army or discuss anything to do with war.What diagnosis will Jeremiah likely receive?

Accepted Answer

Jeremiah is experiencing symptoms of PTSD, but the fact that they did not appear until a month and a half after his return from war indicates delayed expression. A diagnosis of acute stress disorder requires symptoms to appear within a month of the traumatic event, while chronic PTSD indicates symptoms lasting longer than three months. The presence of dissociative symptoms is not mentioned, so choice B is not the best option.

Question 3

When is a dissociative trance disorder diagnosed?

Accepted Answer

A dissociative trance disorder is diagnosed only when the trance is undesirable and considered pathological within the context of the individual's culture. This takes into account cultural norms and practices related to trance states.

Question 4

Suriya has dissociative identity disorder and is starting treatment.She asked her psychiatrist what the treatment will involve.What is the psychiatrist likely to say?

Accepted Answer

The most effective treatment approach for dissociative identity disorder is integration of the personality fragments, which involves merging the alters into one cohesive personality. This process is typically facilitated by a mental health professional through therapy and can take several years. The other options listed (addressing negative thoughts, confrontation of the abuser, hypnotic regression) may be utilized in conjunction with integration but are not the primary focus of treatment.

Question 5

According to a recent survey, which statement best describes the relationship between acute stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder?

Accepted Answer

According to the survey, approximately half of the individuals with acute stress disorder go on to develop PTSD, indicating a significant but not exclusive relationship between the two conditions.

Question 6

According to the textbook, what is the main reason that dissociative identity disorder (DID) patients tend to have many additional psychological disorders?

Accepted Answer

According to the textbook, the main reason that DID patients tend to have many additional psychological disorders is that most of them have suffered severe trauma, particularly in childhood through physical, emotional, or sexual abuse. This trauma can lead to a wide range of problems later in life, including anxiety disorders, mood disorders, substance abuse problems, and personality disorders.

Question 7

Dr.Little has a new patient who has just developed dissociative identity disorder.Which individual is most likely Dr.Little's patient?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Dr.Little has a new patient who has...

Question 8

What is an important factor in determining whether an individual will develop post-traumatic stress disorder following a traumatic event?

Accepted Answer

The extent of emotional support from family and friends is an important factor in determining whether an individual will develop PTSD after a traumatic event. Those who receive adequate emotional support are less likely to develop PTSD compared to those who do not receive any support. The other factors (gender, age, and family history) may have some influence, but they are not as strong of predictors as social support.

Question 9

Mark has a seizure disorder and has developed some dissociative symptoms.Gary has dissociative symptoms but no seizure disorder.What likely differs between Mark and Gary?

Accepted Answer

Mark's disorder, involving seizures, is more likely to have a physiological basis, whereas dissociative symptoms without seizures, like Gary's, are often linked to psychological trauma or stress.

Question 10

According to Pace-Schott and colleagues (2015), the effects of the exposure practices may be strengthened if timed effectively during which point of the day?

Accepted Answer

According to Pace-Schott and colleagues (2015), exposure practices may be strengthened if timed before a nap when the brain is naturally more susceptible to learning and memory consolidation.

Question 11

In dissociative amnesia, memory loss can be partial or total.How long does it generally last?

Accepted Answer

Dissociative amnesia can cause memory loss that is temporary or lifelong, depending on the extent and severity of the underlying trauma or stress. It is not always permanent, nor does it always last just a fleeting moment or a brief period of time.

Question 12

In their study of individuals with depersonalization-derealization, Guralnick and colleagues (2000) found that those with the disorder showed cognitive deficits in many areas.Which of the following was NOT one of those areas?

Accepted Answer

The study found cognitive deficits in attention, short-term memory, and spatial reasoning, but intelligence was not mentioned as an area of deficit.

Question 13

In dissociative identity disorder, who is usually the first personality to seek treatment?

Accepted Answer

The person's original personality is usually the first to seek treatment because they are experiencing distress and confusion from the presence of multiple other personalities or alters. They may be struggling to understand what is happening to them and seek help in managing the alters and their behaviors.

Question 14

The "alarm reactions" experienced in both post-traumatic stress disorder and panic disorders are similar and result in conditioned responses.However, which statement best describes the alarm in panic disorder?

Accepted Answer

The alarm in panic disorder is considered false because it is a sudden surge of overwhelming anxiety and fear without a real or apparent threat, unlike the alarm reactions in post-traumatic stress disorder, which are responses to actual or perceived threats.

Question 15

While driving alone in her car, Sally suddenly looks around and, for a moment, she can't remember where she is, how she arrived at this point on the road, or even why she is driving her car.What is Sally experiencing?

Accepted Answer

The answer of While driving alone in her car, Sally...

Question 16

The diagnostic criteria for dissociative identity disorder includes a fragmentation of identity and which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Dissociative identity disorder involves fragmentation of identity and is characterized by amnesia for important personal information, which cannot be explained by ordinary forgetfulness.

Question 17

Darren was in a fugue state for six months.What did he likely do in that six months?

Accepted Answer

A fugue state is a dissociative disorder characterized by memory loss and identity confusion, along with wandering or purposeful travel away from home. Therefore, it is likely that Darren also travelled and experienced identity confusion in addition to memory loss during the six-month period of his fugue state.

Question 18

Jenna, a recently married young woman, described episodes of "spacing out." During these episodes, she feels as if she is observing herself from outside of her body.Her experiences seem "dream-like," and she reports feeling completely separated from what is going on around her.What diagnosis best fits Jenna's symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Jenna's symptoms indicate depersonalization-derealization disorder, a dissociative disorder characterized by feeling detached or disconnected from one's thoughts, feelings, body, and surroundings. She describes feeling as if she is observing herself from outside of her body, which is a common symptom of this disorder.

Question 19

Your friend was a recent victim of a sexual assault.According the DSM-5, at what point can a diagnosis of PTSD be made?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Your friend was a recent victim of...

Question 20

What is the most common type of dissociative disorder in non-Western cultures?

Accepted Answer

Trance and possession are the most common type of dissociative disorder in non-Western cultures. This is characterized by an altered state of consciousness in which individuals experience a sense of being taken over by a supernatural force or spirit.

Quiz 7: Mood Disorders and Suicide

In a study conducted by Loftus and colleagues (1996) , individuals were told about false events that had supposedly occurred when they were children.What did the results of this study reveal?