Question 1

Sally and Mohamoud have challenged each other to a test of skill. Sally gets to pick the task. All else being equal, we would expect Sally to do better on all of these tasks EXCEPT
A)a test of perceptual speed
B)a test of verbal fluency
C)a test of ideational fluency
D)throwing darts at a target
E)Sally will be better at all of these tasks

Accepted Answer

Sally is likely to choose tasks that play to her strengths, which often include perceptual speed, verbal fluency, and ideational fluency, as these are areas where gender differences have been observed in favor of women. However, throwing darts at a target is a task that involves motor skills and physical coordination, areas where there is no inherent reason to believe Sally would outperform Mohamoud based solely on her choice of the task.

Question 2

A new species of intelligent being has been discovered on planet NX 1. You do not know a lot about their physiology, but you have learned that the males have about 10 times the amount of grey matter in their brains compared to the females. The females have about 10 times as much white matter as compared to the males. Based on what you know about human brains, what would you predict about these new beings?
A)The males should be superior in information processing capacity.
B)The females should be superior in information processing capacity.
C)The males show a higher degree of connectivity.
D)The females will be better in mental rotation.
E)There should be no difference between the males and females.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A new species of intelligent being has...

Question 3

You are interested in a person's ability to plan and regulate task performance. According to Sternberg's triarchic theory, you would be assessing
A)executive components
B)knowledge-acquisition components
C)performance components
D)metacomponents
E)fluid components

Accepted Answer

Metacomponents in Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence refer to the higher-order processes used to plan, monitor, and evaluate task performance, which aligns with assessing a person's ability to plan and regulate task performance.

Question 4

You have just designed a new test of intelligence, but apparently it suffers from outcome bias. Which of the following would lead you to this conclusion?
A)Your test underestimates the actual intelligence of your sample.
B)Job performance is more highly correlated with your test for women than for men.
C)Test scores change from one month to the next with the same people.
D)Job performance is negatively correlated with your test scores.
E)Different judges can not agree that the scores reflect actual performance.

Accepted Answer

The answer of You have just designed a new test...

Question 5

You have just designed a new test of intelligence, but apparently it suffers from predictive bias. Which of the following would lead you to this conclusion?
A)Your test underestimates the actual intelligence of your sample.
B)Job performance is more highly correlated with your test for women than for men.
C)Test scores change from one month to the next with the same people.
D)Job performance is negatively correlated with your test scores.
E)Different judges can not agree that the scores reflect actual performance.

Accepted Answer

Predictive bias occurs when a test's predictive validity (how well the test predicts future performance or outcomes) differs among groups. In this case, if job performance correlates more highly with the test for women than for men, it suggests the test does not equally predict job performance across genders, indicating predictive bias.

Question 6

Steve is cognitively challenged. He can achieve adequate social and vocational skills. He is capable of self-maintenance. His IQ is 60. We would classify Steve as
A)profoundly challenged
B)severely challenged
C)moderately challenged
D)mildly challenged
E)slightly challenged

Accepted Answer

Steve's IQ of 60 and his ability to achieve adequate social and vocational skills, as well as self-maintenance, suggest he is mildly challenged. This classification typically includes individuals with an IQ range of 50-70.

Question 7

Although a separate model of intelligence, Cattell and Horn's fluid versus crystallized intelligence is really an extension of
A)Spearman's "g" factor analysis
B)Thurstone's primary mental abilities
C)Sternberg's triarchic theory
D)the model of emotional intelligence
E)Gardner's multiple intelligences

Accepted Answer

Cattell and Horn's theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence extends Spearman's concept of the "g" factor, or general intelligence, by dividing it into two distinct types: fluid intelligence, which is the ability to solve new problems, and crystallized intelligence, which involves using knowledge acquired through experience.

Question 8

As you administer an intelligence test to a fifth-grader, you suspect that she has much more ability than she can show on the test. Which of the following might give you a better idea of she is capable of?
A)Structured interview testing
B)Interactive testing
C)Static testing
D)Dynamic testing
E)Achievement testing

Accepted Answer

Dynamic testing, unlike static testing, involves interactive elements and can adapt to the test-taker's responses, potentially providing a more accurate measure of their abilities, especially if they have more potential than what is shown in traditional testing formats.

Question 9

A new intelligence test is fairly good at meeting criterion concerns (such as job performance), but seems to work better for women than for men. This test would suffer from
A)a lack of reliability
B)a lack of internal validity
C)static testing bias
D)outcome bias
E)predictive bias

Accepted Answer

Predictive bias occurs when a test predicts outcomes (like job performance) better for one group than another, in this case, better for women than for men.

Question 10

Philip is 21 and requires nursing care. His IQ is 20. We would classify Philip as
A)profoundly challenged
B)severely challenged
C)moderately challenged
D)mildly challenged
E)slightly challenged

Accepted Answer

Philip would be classified as profoundly challenged due to his IQ of 20, which falls within the range typically associated with profound intellectual disability.

Question 11

You are looking at a normal distribution of IQ scores. A friend thinks that the graph is really cool and wants to know between what two scores (above and below the mean) would about 80% of the people fall. You immediately say
A)85 and 115
B)80 and 120
C)90 and 110
D)80 and 100
E)you cannot tell from this graph

Accepted Answer

In a normal distribution, about 80% of the data falls within approximately 1.28 standard deviations from the mean. Assuming a mean IQ of 100 and a standard deviation of 15, the range is approximately 80 to 120.

Question 12

Let's say that you designed an intelligence test over 30 years ago and normed it to a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15. However, you suspect that it may suffer from the Flynn effect. Which of the following would lead you to believe this?
A)The standard deviation is now 25.
B)The mean has dropped to 90.
C)The mean has increased to 120.
D)Judges can no longer agree on the correct answers.
E)You cannot get test-retest reliability.

Accepted Answer

The Flynn effect refers to the observed rise in average IQ scores over time, so an increase in the mean score to 120 would be indicative of this phenomenon.

Question 13

A new species of intelligent being has been discovered on planet NX 1. You do not know a lot about their physiology, but you have learned that the females have about 10 times the amount of grey matter in their brains compared to the females. The males have about 10 times as much white matter as compared to the males. Based on what you know about human brains, what would you predict about these new beings?
A)The males should be superior in information processing capacity.
B)The females should be superior in information processing capacity.
C)The males show a higher degree of connectivity.
D)The females will be better in mental rotation.
E)There should be no difference between the males and females.

Accepted Answer

Grey matter is associated with processing information, so females with more grey matter would likely have superior information processing capacity.

Question 14

Which of the following theories is most closely related to Spearman's "g" factor theory?
A)Thurstone's primary mental abilities
B)Sternberg's triarchic theory
C)the model of emotional intelligence
D)Gardner's multiple intelligences
E)Cattell and Horn's crystallized and fluid intelligence

Accepted Answer

Spearman's "g" factor theory is closely related to Cattell and Horn's theory of crystallized and fluid intelligence, as both theories emphasize a general intelligence factor while also acknowledging specific types of intelligence or abilities.

Question 15

A new intelligence test is fairly good, but tends to underestimate a person's true intellectual ability. This test would suffer from
A)a lack of reliability
B)a lack of internal validity
C)static testing bias
D)outcome bias
E)predictive bias

Accepted Answer

Outcome bias occurs when a test consistently underestimates or overestimates the true ability or performance of individuals, leading to inaccurate results.

Question 16

Let's say that you designed an intelligence test over 30 years ago and normed it to a mean of 100. However, you note that the mean today is about 130 and, consequently, you need to recalibrate. Your test is reflecting
A)low criterion validity
B)the Flynn effect
C)low construct validity
D)high reliability
E)temporal contiguity

Accepted Answer

The increase in average intelligence test scores over time, without a change in the test itself, reflects the Flynn effect. This phenomenon, named after James R. Flynn, who extensively researched this trend, indicates that IQ scores have been increasing worldwide for the past several decades.

Question 17

You are looking at a normal distribution of IQ scores. A friend thinks that the graph is really cool and wants to know what score would place 50% of the population above the mean. You immediately say
A)100
B)90
C)115
D)80
E)you cannot tell from this graph

Accepted Answer

In a normal distribution of IQ scores, the mean score is 100. Since the distribution is symmetrical, 50% of the population scores below the mean and 50% scores above. Therefore, a score of 100 places 50% of the population above it.

Question 18

Steve is cognitively challenged. He can perform simple tasks and can travel alone in familiar settings. His IQ is 40. We would classify Steve as
A)profoundly challenged
B)severely challenged
C)moderately challenged
D)mildly challenged
E)slightly challenged

Accepted Answer

Steve's abilities and IQ score of 40 suggest he is moderately challenged. Individuals with an IQ between 35 and 49 are typically classified as moderately intellectually disabled, capable of performing simple tasks and traveling alone in familiar settings.

Question 19

Let's say that you are giving a standard intelligence test (e.g., the WAIS) to a group of people. Which of the following abilities from Garner's theory of multiple intelligences would you be able to assess with this test?
A)Interpersonal intelligence
B)Visuospatial intelligence
C)Existential intelligence
D)Musical intelligence
E)Naturalistic intelligence

Accepted Answer

The WAIS (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale) primarily assesses cognitive abilities including visuospatial intelligence, which involves the ability to understand visual and spatial information and relationships. Garner's other types of intelligences like interpersonal, existential, musical, and naturalistic are not directly measured by traditional IQ tests like the WAIS.

Question 20

You are looking at a normal distribution of IQ scores. A friend thinks that the graph is really cool and wants to know between what two scores (above and below the mean) would about 50% of the people fall. You immediately say
A)85 and 115
B)80 and 120
C)90 and 110
D)80 and 100
E)you cannot tell from this graph

Accepted Answer

The middle 50% of a normal distribution falls within approximately one standard deviation of the mean. For IQ scores, which have a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15, this range is from 85 to 115. However, since none of the options exactly match this, the closest option that represents a range around the mean that could contain approximately 50% of the distribution is 90 to 110.

Quiz 10: Intelligence

Sally and Mohamoud have challenged each other to a test of skill. Sally gets to pick the task. All else being equal, we would expect Sally to do better on all of these tasks EXCEPT

You are interested in a person's ability to plan and regulate task performance. According to Sternberg's triarchic theory, you would be assessing

You have just designed a new test of intelligence, but apparently it suffers from outcome bias. Which of the following would lead you to this conclusion?

You have just designed a new test of intelligence, but apparently it suffers from predictive bias. Which of the following would lead you to this conclusion?

Steve is cognitively challenged. He can achieve adequate social and vocational skills. He is capable of self-maintenance. His IQ is 60. We would classify Steve as

Although a separate model of intelligence, Cattell and Horn's fluid versus crystallized intelligence is really an extension of

As you administer an intelligence test to a fifth-grader, you suspect that she has much more ability than she can show on the test. Which of the following might give you a better idea of she is capable of?

A new intelligence test is fairly good at meeting criterion concerns (such as job performance) , but seems to work better for women than for men. This test would suffer from

Philip is 21 and requires nursing care. His IQ is 20. We would classify Philip as

You are looking at a normal distribution of IQ scores. A friend thinks that the graph is really cool and wants to know between what two scores (above and below the mean) would about 80% of the people fall. You immediately say

Let's say that you designed an intelligence test over 30 years ago and normed it to a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15. However, you suspect that it may suffer from the Flynn effect. Which of the following would lead you to believe this?

Which of the following theories is most closely related to Spearman's "g" factor theory?

A new intelligence test is fairly good, but tends to underestimate a person's true intellectual ability. This test would suffer from

Let's say that you designed an intelligence test over 30 years ago and normed it to a mean of 100. However, you note that the mean today is about 130 and, consequently, you need to recalibrate. Your test is reflecting

You are looking at a normal distribution of IQ scores. A friend thinks that the graph is really cool and wants to know what score would place 50% of the population above the mean. You immediately say

Steve is cognitively challenged. He can perform simple tasks and can travel alone in familiar settings. His IQ is 40. We would classify Steve as

Let's say that you are giving a standard intelligence test (e.g., the WAIS) to a group of people. Which of the following abilities from Garner's theory of multiple intelligences would you be able to assess with this test?

You are looking at a normal distribution of IQ scores. A friend thinks that the graph is really cool and wants to know between what two scores (above and below the mean) would about 50% of the people fall. You immediately say