Question 1

People sometimes take life-threatening risks, such as not wearing helmets when riding motorcycles, having unprotected sex, sunbathing against a doctor's advice, and driving far over the speed limit, in order to "look cool." This best demonstrates the strong power of ____.

Accepted Answer

These behaviors are examples of individuals engaging in risky activities to manage the impression they make on others, which aligns with the concept of self-presentation. They may prioritize appearing "cool" or socially desirable over their safety.

Question 2

With regard to social roles, human beings tend to ____.

Accepted Answer

Human beings adapt to different social situations by adopting and dropping roles as necessary, reflecting the dynamic nature of social interactions and responsibilities.

Question 3

Unlike other animals, humans ____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Unlike other animals, humans ____.
...

Question 4

Ivana tells her father that her throat hurts and asks for cough syrup. However, Ivana's throat doesn't really hurt; she is just pretending to have a sore throat because she loves the taste of cough syrup. This is an example of self-handicapping.

Accepted Answer

This scenario is an example of malingering, where Ivana is pretending to be ill for a secondary gain (in this case, to get cough syrup she likes), rather than self-handicapping, which involves creating obstacles to one's own success to have an excuse for potential failure.

Question 5

You want your child to be intrinsically motivated to play the violin well. Research suggests that your best bet is to reward your child with money or candy each time that he or she practices the violin.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that external rewards like money or candy can actually undermine intrinsic motivation. Encouraging intrinsic motivation involves fostering a genuine interest and enjoyment in the activity itself, rather than relying on external rewards.

Question 6

When people make self-enhancing claims about themselves, they will ____.

Accepted Answer

When people make self-enhancing claims about themselves, they aim to present themselves in the best light that they think will reasonably be believed by others. This involves a balance between enhancing one's image and maintaining credibility.

Question 7

Jake grew up in a deeply religious home, but while at college, he never thinks of going to church. He rarely goes to church when his family is not around, and decides that religion must not be very important to him. Jake's experience is best explained by social comparison theory.

Accepted Answer

Jake's experience is better explained by the concept of situational influences on behavior rather than social comparison theory, which involves comparing oneself to others to determine one's own social and personal worth.

Question 8

Research has found that both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation ____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research has found that both intrinsic and...

Question 9

Who is likely to be the MOST modest?

Accepted Answer

Clancy is likely to be the most modest because when talking to one's parents about academic or personal achievements, individuals often downplay their success to appear humble or avoid seeming boastful, especially in a casual, familial context.

Question 10

Upward social comparisons involving people better than you can be discouraging.

Accepted Answer

Upward social comparisons, when individuals compare themselves to those who are better off or more successful, can lead to feelings of inadequacy, envy, or discouragement, especially if the gap between them and the individuals they compare themselves to seems insurmountable.

Question 11

Dara is a junior in college. She has done very well academically, making it to the Dean's List each semester. She is also a sorority leader and a swimmer on the university women's swim team. Which of the following self-enhancing claims is Dara LEAST likely to make to her best friend?

Accepted Answer

Given Dara's accomplishments, making it to the Olympic swim team is significantly more challenging and less likely than her other mentioned aspirations, making it the claim she is least likely to make.

Question 12

Selfishness must be kept under control if society is to operate effectively.

Accepted Answer

Selfish behavior, if unchecked, can lead to conflicts, reduce cooperation, and harm the collective well-being, making it essential for societal harmony and effectiveness.

Question 13

Binge eating allows people to escape from troubled thoughts and feelings.

Accepted Answer

Binge eating can serve as a coping mechanism for some individuals, allowing them to temporarily escape or distract themselves from negative thoughts and feelings.

Question 14

It is inherently better to be either independent or interdependent.

Accepted Answer

Whether it is better to be independent or interdependent depends on the context, individual preferences, cultural values, and specific situations. Neither is inherently better than the other; both have their advantages and disadvantages.

Question 15

The public self is the same as one's self-concept.

Accepted Answer

The public self refers to how an individual presents themselves to the outside world, often aligning with societal expectations or norms, while one's self-concept is the broader understanding or perception that person has of themselves, including private thoughts and feelings not necessarily shared with others.

Question 16

Which of the following is MOST likely to be capable of behaving based on extrinsic motivation?

Accepted Answer

Humans are most likely to be influenced by extrinsic motivation, which involves external rewards or incentives, such as money, praise, or awards. Animals primarily act on instinct and intrinsic motivations related to survival, whereas humans can understand and seek external rewards.

Question 17

You are a young person in a room full of people at least 20 or 30 years older than you. Research suggests that you are likely to be especially aware of your age in this situation.

Accepted Answer

Social comparison theory suggests that individuals are more aware of their characteristics, such as age, when they differ significantly from those around them, leading to heightened self-awareness in situations where one's age starkly contrasts with the majority.

Question 18

Who is MOST likely to go vote in an election?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Who is MOST likely to go vote...

Question 19

A person from China is MORE likely to have an interdependent self-construal than an independent self-construal.

Accepted Answer

Cultural psychology research suggests that people from collectivist societies, such as China, are more likely to have an interdependent self-construal, emphasizing connections to others and social roles, compared to those from individualistic societies who tend to have an independent self-construal, focusing on self-expression and individuality.

Question 20

Research indicates that, at least in the United States, the tendency toward self-presentation is more common ____ while the tendency toward modesty is stronger ____.

Accepted Answer

In the United States, individuals are more likely to engage in self-presentation, or the act of trying to control the impressions others have of them, in new relationships and acquaintanceships. This is because there is a greater need to make a positive impression when first meeting someone. On the other hand, the tendency toward modesty, or downplaying one's abilities or achievements, is stronger in long-term relationships where there is less need to impress and a greater emphasis on honesty and vulnerability.

Quiz 3: The-Self