Question 1

Dwight, Pam, and Jim are having a debate about the nature of intelligence. Dwight argues that to understand intelligence, one need look only at the results of IQ tests. Pam says that one must consider many different tasks encountered in the real world, not just tests. Jim says that one must look to experimental evidence measuring processing speed, attentional resources, and memory capacity. Dwight adheres to the ____approach, Pam adheres to the ____approach, and Jim adheres to the ____approach. ​

Accepted Answer

Dwight's approach of looking only at the results of IQ tests is characteristic of the psychometric approach. Pam's approach of considering many different tasks encountered in the real world is characteristic of the triarchic approach. Jim's approach of looking to experimental evidence measuring processing speed, attentional resources, and memory capacity is also characteristic of the triarchic approach. Therefore, the correct order of approaches is psychometric, triarchic, and then information-processing. This is only found in option C.

Question 2

Kassie has attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and does not perform well on an intelligence test. A psychologist representing the ____approach might suggest that this result makes sense because intelligence depends on the amount of attentional resources available. ​

Accepted Answer

The information-processing approach to psychology focuses on how individuals process and manipulate information. This includes the role of attention and cognitive resources in thinking and problem-solving. Therefore, a psychologist representing this approach might suggest that Kassie's poor performance on an intelligence test is due to her limited attentional resources, which can be compromised by her ADHD.

Question 3

Which statement does not support Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences? ​

Accepted Answer

The statement does not necessarily contradict Gardner's theory, but it also does not directly support it. Gardner's theory suggests that intelligence should not be solely based on a single test, but rather assessed through multiple modalities. While modern intelligence tests may have both verbal and performance scales, they may not fully capture all forms of intelligence as proposed by Gardner's theory.

Question 4

Pauline scores low on the WAIS (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale).However, she works as a Girl Scout leader and is capable of finding her way out of the woods whenever her troop gets lost. Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence would say that Pauline probably has ____intelligence. ​

Accepted Answer

Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence proposed three types of intelligence: practical, analytical/logical, and creative. Practical intelligence involves applying knowledge to real-life situations and problem-solving in contexts that are not necessarily academic. Pauline's ability to find her way out of the woods suggests that she has practical intelligence, even though her score on the WAIS suggests lower analytical or logical-mathematical intelligence.

Question 5

A psychologist strongly believes that the information-processing model of intelligence is correct and sufficient to explain human mental ability. In her laboratory experiments, she will be least likely to study ____. ​

Accepted Answer

The information-processing model of intelligence focuses on how individuals process information and solve problems, rather than on environmental factors or adaptation. Therefore, the psychologist would be least likely to study how we adapt to existing environments or select new ones. The other options (attentional focus, speed of access to long-term memory, and capacity of working memory) are all relevant to the information-processing model of intelligence and would be more likely areas of study in the psychologist's laboratory experiments.

Question 6

According to Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, a community living near the Arctic Circle 500 years ago without any contact with other societies was likely to have ascribed the characteristic of intelligence to someone who ____. ​

Accepted Answer

According to Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, intelligence is not limited to just academic or logical abilities. In fact, Gardner acknowledged that there are different types of intelligences that are valued in different cultures. In a community living near the Arctic Circle, survival in a harsh environment would have been a top priority. Therefore, someone who was skilled at catching seals, fish, and small game would have been highly valued and considered intelligent for their ability to provide for the community.

Question 7

According to Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, to solve the analogy "Winter is to hibernation as summer is to . . . ," you would rely most on ____intelligence. ​

Accepted Answer

Solving analogies requires analyzing relationships between concepts, which is a key component of analytic intelligence according to Sternberg's triarchic theory.

Question 8

Costanza believes that he is a highly intelligent person because he has a "fast brain" and is always the first person to finish a test, and in addition, he is able to pay attention to many things at once and think in cognitively complex ways. Costanza's belief is most similar to which theory of intelligence? ​

Accepted Answer

Costanza's belief in his intelligence is based on his ability to process information quickly and in complex ways, which is a key aspect of the information-processing theory of intelligence. This theory emphasizes mental processes such as attention, memory, and processing speed, rather than specific domains of knowledge or skills as in the other theories.

Question 9

Silus is a talented author of fictional stories. He is also known for coming up with inventive advertising campaigns for his work clients. According to Sternberg's triarchic theory, Silus must rate highly in ____ intelligence. ​

Accepted Answer

Sternberg's triarchic theory states that intelligence is divided into three parts: analytical, creative, and practical. Silus's ability to come up with inventive advertising campaigns suggests that he has a high level of creative intelligence.

Question 10

Individuals with outstanding ability in a narrowly defined skill provide evidence in support of the ____theory of intelligence. ​

Accepted Answer

The theory of multiple intelligences suggests that intelligence is not a single, unified construct, but rather a combination of different abilities and skills. This theory includes the idea that there are different types of intelligence, such as linguistic, mathematical, spatial, musical, and interpersonal, among others. Individuals with outstanding ability in a narrowly defined skill, such as exceptional musical ability or spatial reasoning, are seen as evidence in favor of this theory.

Question 11

Tyson believes that people have several kinds of intelligence. Some have great musical capacity, some are talented verbally, some artistically, and so on. He would most likely use ____to examine intelligence test results to support his position. ​

Accepted Answer

To examine intelligence test results and identify different types of intelligence, Tyson would likely use factor analysis. This statistical technique allows researchers to identify underlying factors or dimensions that may be present across a set of test scores. By identifying patterns of performance across different types of tests, researchers can gain insight into different types of intelligence that may be present in individuals. Split-half reliability relates to the consistency of scores from half of a test to the other half, standardized norms are used to compare an individual's score to a larger population, and control question techniques are not related to intelligence testing.

Question 12

Khrushchev is attending the opening performance of The Nutcracker. As he watches Nina, the critically acclaimed Russian ballerina, gliding effortlessly across the stage and floating gracefully in the air, he turns to his wife and says, "According to the ____theory, Nina is high in ____intelligence." ​

Accepted Answer

The multiple intelligences theory includes body-kinesthetic and spatial intelligence, which are both relevant to the abilities demonstrated by a ballerina. The triarchic theory of intelligence includes a component of experiential or practical intelligence, which could also be relevant to the example given, but it is not specifically mentioned in the question stem.

Question 13

Anita is hoping to have an intelligent baby, and because you have taken psychology, she asks you for information about the brain. Assuming that the information-processing model of intelligence is correct, which brain attribute would you highlight as most important for intelligence? ​

Accepted Answer

High speed in the brain's processing is considered crucial for intelligence according to the information-processing model. This model emphasizes the efficiency and speed with which the brain can process, analyze, and respond to information, which is directly linked to cognitive abilities and intelligence.

Question 14

Jack has great difficulty reading, is a terrible speller, and has a really low high school grade-point average. However, Jack possesses great "street smarts" and is able to talk his way out of any problems he encounters. Which theory of intelligence takes Jack's "street smarts" into consideration? ​

Accepted Answer

The triarchic theory of intelligence recognizes the importance of practical intelligence or "street smarts," which involves the ability to adapt to and solve real-world problems. This theory emphasizes the role of context and practical experience in intelligence, rather than just relying on traditional measures such as grades or standardized test scores.

Question 15

Sternberg's triarchic theory emphasizes three different types of intelligence. Which factor below is NOT one of the three types? ​

Accepted Answer

Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence includes three types of intelligence: analytic, creative, and practical. Fluid intelligence is not part of Sternberg's triarchic theory; it is a concept from Cattell's theory of intelligence.

Question 16

Sunyoung is a psychologist who is studying how well people perform on a dichotic listening task. She hypothesizes that more intelligent people will perform better on this task because they are able to mobilize and distribute their attention more readily. Sunyoung probably takes a(n)____approach to intelligence. ​

Accepted Answer

Sunyoung's hypothesis about intelligence suggests that she is taking an information-processing approach, which focuses on understanding how cognitive processes like attention, memory, and problem-solving contribute to intelligence. Her hypothesis about mobilizing and distributing attention suggests that she is specifically interested in how people use their cognitive resources to perform well on this task, which is a key aspect of the information-processing approach. The other answer choices (psychometric, divergent thinking, hereditary) do not seem as relevant to Sunyoung's focus on attention and cognitive processes.

Question 17

Fiona and Michael are discussing how best to measure intelligence. Fiona says that while she acknowledges that traditional IQ tests are useful, it is important to also include questions that measure how well people can adapt to new situations and their ability to create something new, along with how well people can apply their intelligence to everyday problems. Michael disagrees and says that only traditional IQ tests should be used because intelligence is one general trait, the g factor. Fiona is an advocate for the ____theory, and Michael is an advocate for the ____theory. ​

Accepted Answer

Fiona's perspective aligns with the triarchic theory of intelligence, which posits that intelligence is composed of three aspects: analytical, creative, and practical intelligence. This theory goes beyond traditional IQ tests and considers how individuals adapt to new situations and their ability to apply their intelligence in everyday life. Michael, on the other hand, aligns with the psychometric theory of intelligence, which posits that intelligence is one general trait known as the g factor and can be accurately assessed through traditional IQ tests. Therefore, the best answer is B as it correctly identifies Fiona and Michael's perspectives.

Question 18

Iman, a fifth-grade teacher, believes it is important to determine the intelligence of each of her students. However, she doesn't believe that traditional tests provide an accurate description of abilities such as interpersonal communication, music, or athleticism. What approach to intelligence would Iman most likely agree with? ​

Accepted Answer

Iman's belief that traditional tests do not accurately measure certain abilities such as interpersonal communication, music, or athleticism aligns with the theory of multiple intelligences, which proposes that intelligence is not a single entity but instead a collection of distinct abilities in various domains.

Question 19

Karin's new printer is printing too lightly. Even though she had never fixed a printer before, Karin figures out how to open the printer, remove the print cartridge, and replace it with a new one. The printing then works perfectly. We can assume that because Karin fixed the printer without previous experience, she relied on her ____intelligence. ​

Accepted Answer

Karin's ability to problem-solve and figure out how to fix the printer without previous experience suggests she relied on her fluid intelligence, which involves adaptability, logical reasoning, and problem-solving skills.

Question 20

Roxanne performs poorly on most tests of verbal ability and does poorly in school, but she can perform many amazing mathematical computations in seconds and can play any song on the pan flute after hearing it only once. Roxanne provides evidence that supports which theory? ​

Accepted Answer

Roxanne's abilities in mathematics and music suggest that she has strengths in logical-mathematical and musical intelligence, which are two of the intelligences proposed by Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences. Her poor performance in verbal tasks and in school overall does not fit well with the psychometric theory of general intelligence or Cattell's fluid and crystallized intelligence. While Roxanne's abilities may involve information processing, this is a broad concept that is not directly linked to any specific theory of intelligence.

Quiz 8: Intelligence

Kassie has attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and does not perform well on an intelligence test. A psychologist representing the ____approach might suggest that this result makes sense because intelligence depends on the amount of attentional resources available.

Which statement does not support Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences?

Pauline scores low on the WAIS (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale) .However, she works as a Girl Scout leader and is capable of finding her way out of the woods whenever her troop gets lost. Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence would say that Pauline probably has ____intelligence.

A psychologist strongly believes that the information-processing model of intelligence is correct and sufficient to explain human mental ability. In her laboratory experiments, she will be least likely to study ____.

According to Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, a community living near the Arctic Circle 500 years ago without any contact with other societies was likely to have ascribed the characteristic of intelligence to someone who ____.

According to Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, to solve the analogy "Winter is to hibernation as summer is to . . . ," you would rely most on ____intelligence.

Silus is a talented author of fictional stories. He is also known for coming up with inventive advertising campaigns for his work clients. According to Sternberg's triarchic theory, Silus must rate highly in ____ intelligence.

Individuals with outstanding ability in a narrowly defined skill provide evidence in support of the ____theory of intelligence.

Tyson believes that people have several kinds of intelligence. Some have great musical capacity, some are talented verbally, some artistically, and so on. He would most likely use ____to examine intelligence test results to support his position.

Khrushchev is attending the opening performance of The Nutcracker. As he watches Nina, the critically acclaimed Russian ballerina, gliding effortlessly across the stage and floating gracefully in the air, he turns to his wife and says, "According to the theory, Nina is high in intelligence."

Anita is hoping to have an intelligent baby, and because you have taken psychology, she asks you for information about the brain. Assuming that the information-processing model of intelligence is correct, which brain attribute would you highlight as most important for intelligence?

Jack has great difficulty reading, is a terrible speller, and has a really low high school grade-point average. However, Jack possesses great "street smarts" and is able to talk his way out of any problems he encounters. Which theory of intelligence takes Jack's "street smarts" into consideration?

Sternberg's triarchic theory emphasizes three different types of intelligence. Which factor below is NOT one of the three types?

Roxanne performs poorly on most tests of verbal ability and does poorly in school, but she can perform many amazing mathematical computations in seconds and can play any song on the pan flute after hearing it only once. Roxanne provides evidence that supports which theory?