Question 1

Omar is thinking about a time to come when he will be married and have a family. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Omar is envisioning a specific future situation or sequence of events, which is what a scenario typically refers to.

Question 2

Jim believes that he can improve his financial situation by getting a second job. Jim is exercising:

Accepted Answer

Primary control involves taking direct action to change a situation to fit one's needs or desires, which is what Jim is doing by getting a second job to improve his financial situation.

Question 3

Which of these would BEST reflect a life story goal of communion?

Accepted Answer

A life story goal of communion focuses on forming deep, meaningful relationships and connections with others, which is best reflected in the choice of "A lifelong love."

Question 4

Harouna is thinking about graduating from graduate school and finding a job in which he can use his skills. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A scenario refers to a hypothetical or imagined sequence of events or situations, often used for planning, predicting outcomes, or envisioning future possibilities. Harouna imagining graduating and finding a job where he can use his skills is an example of envisioning a future scenario based on his current situation and aspirations.

Question 5

Darren wants to be out of graduate school by age 25, married by age 30, and retired by age 50. This is an example of a:

Accepted Answer

Darren's timeline of wanting to be out of graduate school by age 25, married by age 30, and retired by age 50 reflects societal norms and expectations about when certain life milestones should occur, which is the definition of a social clock.

Question 6

Gabriella often thinks of herself as a mother and dreams of herself as an actress, but is afraid she'll end up suffering from alcoholism. These are examples of:

Accepted Answer

Possible selves refer to individuals' ideas of what they might become, what they would like to become, and what they are afraid of becoming. Gabriella's thoughts about being a mother, dreaming of being an actress, and her fear of suffering from alcoholism are examples of her possible selves.

Question 7

Gina is 40 years old and often reflects on her life. Special memories of childhood, high school, college, and her vision of retirement all seem to fit together. This is Gina's:

Accepted Answer

Gina's life story is a narrative that encompasses her past experiences and future aspirations, fitting the definition of a life story.

Question 8

Kate thinks that no matter what she does, she will not be able to do well in her developmental psychology class. This perception is a sample of Kate's:

Accepted Answer

Kate's perception that she will not be able to do well in her developmental psychology class, regardless of her efforts, is an example of her personal control beliefs. Personal control beliefs refer to an individual's perception of their ability to influence events in their lives. In this case, Kate believes she lacks control over her academic success in this particular class.

Question 9

Who is MOST likely to believe that she will achieve her hoped-for self?

Accepted Answer

Younger individuals, like Allie who is 25, tend to be more optimistic about their future and achieving their goals or hoped-for selves, partly due to having more perceived time and opportunities ahead of them.

Question 10

____ tends to be the MOST important domain for hoped- and feared-for self in older age.

Accepted Answer

Health tends to be the most important domain for hoped- and feared-for self in older age, as maintaining physical well-being becomes a primary concern for many older adults.

Question 11

Merlin believes that he can get what he wants if he tries hard enough. This indicates that he has ____ sense of personal control.

Accepted Answer

Merlin's belief that he can achieve his desires through effort indicates a high sense of personal control, reflecting confidence in his ability to influence outcomes through his actions.

Question 12

Research on possible selves development has shown that:

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that younger adults tend to believe they have control over becoming both their hoped-for selves and their feared selves, reflecting a sense of optimism and control over their future.

Question 13

According to McAdams, a person's developing personality is BEST reflected by:

Accepted Answer

McAdams suggests that a person's life story and the emotions conveyed within it are key reflections of their developing personality, emphasizing the narrative aspect of personality development over standardized measures, cognitive abilities, or cultural practices.

Question 14

What requires the creation of possible selves?

Accepted Answer

Projecting yourself into the future involves envisioning possible selves, which are representations of what we might become, what we would like to become, and what we are afraid of becoming.

Question 15

A life-span construct represents a:

Accepted Answer

A life-span construct is a unified sense of the past, present, and future based on personal experiences and expectations. It integrates these different aspects of time into a coherent narrative or understanding of one's life.

Question 16

How many of these items could be elements of someone's life story: emotions, main characters, and a legacy?

Accepted Answer

All three items - emotions, main characters, and a legacy - can be elements of someone's life story. Emotions add depth, main characters are central to the narrative, and a legacy is what is left behind.

Question 17

Regarding impression formation:

Accepted Answer

Young adults are more likely to rely on the most recent information due to their cognitive flexibility and ability to update impressions with new data.

Question 18

Pepper has a firm sense of her childhood, who she is as a person today, and how she will live her life in the future. This constitutes Pepper's:

Accepted Answer

Pepper's sense of her past, present, and future self reflects her life-span construct, which is a unified sense of the past, present, and future based on personal experience and input from society.

Question 19

Which statement BEST exemplifies the concept of secondary control?

Accepted Answer

Secondary control refers to the belief that one can influence outcomes through effort and action. Choice A aligns with this concept as it suggests that success can be achieved through personal effort, even when faced with challenges.

Question 20

According to McAdams, a person's life story is:

Accepted Answer

McAdams' theory on personality suggests that a person's life story is not static but is continuously shaped and reshaped over time. This process is also significantly influenced by the cultural context in which an individual lives, reflecting the dynamic interplay between personal development and cultural factors.

Quiz 10: Becoming an Adult: Physical, Cognitive, and Personality Development in Young Adulthood