Question 1

Which of the following was the main force behind early efforts for national healthcare reform?

Accepted Answer

The American Association for Labor Legislation (AALL) was a key organization advocating for national health insurance in the early 20th century, focusing on health care reform as part of broader labor and social welfare improvements.

Question 2

Those who argued against the individual mandate contend that the __________ clause in the U.S. Constitution does not permit Congress to require an individual to purchase a service or good such as health insurance.

Accepted Answer

The Commerce Clause in the U.S. Constitution has been debated regarding its scope in allowing Congress to regulate interstate commerce, but opponents of the individual mandate argue it does not extend to mandating individuals to purchase health insurance.

Question 3

Healthy individuals who choose not to purchase health insurance but then later need health care and will likely receive some care even though they are uninsured are referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Free riders are individuals who benefit from resources, goods, or services without paying for them, in this case, receiving healthcare without having purchased insurance.

Question 4

All qualified health plans that participate in an exchange, as well as individual and small-group plans outside of the exchanges, must offer a standard benefit package known as:

Accepted Answer

The Affordable Care Act requires that all qualified health plans, both inside and outside of the exchanges, offer a standard benefit package known as "essential health benefits."

Question 5

What action has the Trump Administration taken to alter the Affordable Care Act?

Accepted Answer

The Trump Administration took multiple actions to alter the Affordable Care Act, including reducing open enrollment periods, eliminating cost-sharing reductions to insurers, and extending short-term limited-duration plans from 3 months to 1 year.

Question 6

The twin concepts of entrepreneurialism and individualism have had a real impact on health policy decisions.

Accepted Answer

Entrepreneurialism and individualism emphasize personal responsibility and market-driven solutions, which can influence health policy decisions by promoting privatization and reducing government intervention.

Question 7

The fundamental barrier to universal coverage is that our success in insuring most of the nation's population has crowded out our political capacity to insure the rest.

Accepted Answer

The statement suggests that political will and resources have been exhausted by efforts to insure the majority, leaving little capacity to address the remaining uninsured population.

Question 8

Employers, healthcare providers, and insurers have, in general, remained strong opponents of national healthcare reform over the years, whereas unions have supported national reform efforts.

Accepted Answer

Historically, employers, healthcare providers, and insurers have often opposed national healthcare reform due to concerns about increased regulation and costs, while unions have typically supported such reforms to secure better healthcare benefits for their members.

Question 9

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) is most notable for the transformations it makes to health __________ rather than for structural reforms made to the delivery system.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Affordable Care Act (ACA) is most...

Question 10

The individual mandate was upheld by the Supreme Court as a valid exercise of congressional __________ power.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The individual mandate was upheld by the...

Question 11

In the healthcare insurance exchange, __________ plans are the most popular among people enrolling in the marketplace.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the healthcare insurance exchange, __________ plans...

Question 12

Which of the following is considered to be the most monumental piece of U.S. federal health policy enacted in nearly 50 years?

Accepted Answer

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), enacted in 2010, is considered the most monumental piece of U.S. federal health policy in nearly 50 years due to its comprehensive reforms aimed at expanding healthcare coverage, reducing costs, and improving healthcare system efficiency.

Question 13

Which piece of legislation is a federal law that regulates welfare benefit programs including health plans operated by private employers?

Accepted Answer

The Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) is a federal law that sets standards for most voluntarily established retirement and health plans in private industry to provide protection for individuals in these plans.

Question 14

In the U.S. Senate and in most cases, how many votes are needed to break a filibuster?

Accepted Answer

In the U.S. Senate, 60 votes are needed to invoke cloture and break a filibuster, allowing the Senate to proceed to a vote on the matter at hand.

Question 15

Which of the following was the first U.S. political party to support health insurance in 1904?

Accepted Answer

The Socialist Party was the first U.S. political party to support health insurance in 1904, advocating for social reforms including health care.

Question 16

The Clinton administration plan, dubbed the Affordable Care Act, was designed to create national health insurance without spending new federal funds or shifting coverage from private to public insurance.

Accepted Answer

The Affordable Care Act, also known as Obamacare, was enacted during the Obama administration, not the Clinton administration.

Question 17

Although President Roosevelt established a National Health Conference to discuss the recommendation for national health insurance, he never fully supported the medical care committee's proposal.

Accepted Answer

President Franklin D. Roosevelt showed interest in national health insurance but did not fully endorse the medical care committee's proposal due to political and economic challenges.

Question 18

In addition to the premium tax credits and cost-sharing subsidies, the Affordable Care Act limits the overall amount of out-of-pocket costs paid by individuals with incomes up to 200% of the poverty level.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In addition to the premium tax credits...

Question 19

An insurance plan is considered affordable if the plan has an actuarial value of at least 60% or if the premiums do not cost more than 9.5% of an employee's income.

Accepted Answer

An insurance plan is considered affordable under the Affordable Care Act if it meets either of these criteria: having an actuarial value of at least 60% or if the premiums do not exceed 9.5% of an employee's income.

Question 20

According to the Affordable Care Act, individual and group plans are permitted to place annual dollar limits on coverage.

Accepted Answer

The Affordable Care Act prohibits individual and group health plans from placing annual dollar limits on essential health benefits.

Quiz 10: Government Health Insurance Programs: Medicaid, Chip, and Medicare