Question 1

Describe the many forms of discrimination that students of color face once inside public schools. What impact, if any, do implicit racial biases have on such discrimination?

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Question 2

What did David Figlio's Florida study reveal about the racialization of names and its impact on educational success?

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Question 3

Describe what a group of white students at a New Jersey high school did. Pay special attention to how these young white females in a racially diverse school setting operate out of the white racial frame.

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Question 4

Describe the ways in which African Americans and other Americans of color face difficulties in getting a good college education.

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Question 5

Describe ways in which college entrance tests and similar diagnostic tests have often been designed, consciously or unconsciously, to measure the things that white middle-class people know or do well.

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Question 6

Describe the study of first-generation students' financing of their college educations. What did it reveal about how different white and black (and Latino) students' pathways are?

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Question 7

Describe the 2017 report by the National Student Clearinghouse Research Center, which examined data on graduation rates for part-time and full-time college students who had begun two-year or four-year college programs in fall 2010. How did this report make clear the many consequences of racial inequalities?

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Question 8

Describe the large impact that income inequality and other aspects of systemic racism have on student enrollment in elite colleges and universities, those whose degrees often count the most in current better-paying job markets.

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Question 9

Discuss why whites do not seem to view most racist joking, commentaries, and other routinized actions out of the dominant racial frame as morally wrong (i.e., such actions are often viewed as harmless and "no big deal," indeed often just good entertainment).

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Question 10

Popular culture, including Halloween celebrations, cinema, television, radio, and other media, theatre, and video gaming, provide many modern examples of racist framing by whites. Discuss some of the examples Joe Feagin and Kimberley Ducey provide in Chapter 6 to illustrate this point.

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Question 11

Describe the sociological study of Halloween events that drew on 663 observation journals by college students in several regions in the U.S., and the findings of Jennifer Mueller and Rosalind Chou concerning Halloween costumes, events, and parties.

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Question 12

The expression of racial hostility and discrimination by modern-day whites takes an imposing array of damaging forms, from blatant discrimination to subtler and covert discrimination. Blatant examples from 2017-2018 alone illustrate the enduring presence of everyday racism in the frontstage. Discuss.

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Question 13

The alienating racist system creates much damage to those targeted by it. W.E.B. Du Bois once described being black in the United States as being a person looking out of a deep mountain cave. Invoking Plato's Allegory of the Cave, Du Bois described life behind the veil as being imprisoned in and cut-off from the dominant world of whites. Based on your understanding of racial barriers in education, why do you think Du Bois drew on a cave metaphor?

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Question 14

Describe Joe Feagin's and Leslie Picca's study in which they had 308 students of color at numerous colleges and universities keep diaries of racial events they encountered for a few weeks during one semester.

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Question 15

Joe Feagin and Kimberley Ducey write: "One part of the problem in regard to hostile racial climates lies in the fact that many white students come to historically white colleges and universities, with their diversifying populations, unprepared for this reality." Explain.

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Question 16

Explain how upward mobility is closely linked to professionals of color conforming to white framing, norms, and expectations.

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Question 17

Your classmate argues that an upcoming lecture on racism in public spaces is a "waste of time" because anti-black and other racial discrimination in public accommodations was made illegal by the major 1964 civil rights law. Drawing on Chapter 6, explain to him that much racist action still takes place in public places and public accommodations, and involves discriminatory service and actual exclusion.

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Question 18

Describe how the internet's discussion forums and social media, including Facebook and Twitter, and text-messaging have frequently been used to spread and reinforce white-nationalist framing and other white racial framing of society.

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Question 19

Describe how ideas about race are inextricably linked with the development of tech products.

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Question 20

How one gets on in the U.S. has been personified by a racial hierarchy that begins at birth with disparities in health care. Explain.

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Quiz 6: More Racial Oppression: Other Institutional Sectors